1S [LEC]: Enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, ACP) Flashcards
AST & ALT measurement uses ___ as coenzyme
Pyridoxal phosphate
Decreased AST occurs in the case of ___
Uremia
An increase in both AST & ALT can be a sign of what condition?
Viral hepatitis
A four-fold increase in AST may be a sign of what condition?
Cirrhosis
AST isoenzyme that is predominant in the serum
Cell cytoplasm AST
AST isoenzyme predominant during necrosis
Mitochondrial AST
Reference range of AST
5-35 U/L
Onset of CK-MB
4-8 hrs
Peak of CK-MB
12-24 hrs
Duration of elevation of CK-MB
2-4 days
Onset of AST
8-12 hrs
Peak of AST
24 hrs
Duration of elevation of AST
5 days
Onset of LD
12-24 hrs
Peak of LD
72 hrs
Duration of onset of LD
10 days
A more specific enzyme to the liver that catalyzed the transfer of an amino group to a-ketoglutarate
Alanine aminotransferase
Tissue sources of ALT
Liver, cardiac tissue
Enzyme affected in infectious mononucleosis
ALT
T/F: ALT is relatively unaffected by hemolysis
True
Reference range of ALT
7-45 U/L
Activators required in ALP
Mg2+, Mn2+
Optimal pH of ALP
9-10
Major tissue sources of ALP
Liver
Bone
Placenta
Intestine
Carcino-placental ALP that is highest in ovarian and gynecologic cancers, lung, and breast
Regan ALP
Carcino-placental ALP that is used for monitoring treatment because it disappears upon successful therapy
Regan ALP
Carcino-placental ALP that is a variant of Regan ALP
Nagao ALP
Carcino-placental ALP that is detected in metastatic carcinoma of pleural surfaces and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and bile duct
Nagao ALP
Most anodal ALP isoenzyme
Liver
Most heat stable ALP isoenzyme
Placental
Placental ALP, Regan, and Nagao are the most heat stable and resist heat denaturation at ___ for ___ mins
65C for 30 mins
Conditions of the heat stability test for ALP isoenzymes
56C for 10 mins
If phenylalanine is added to the ALP isoenzyme and 75% is inhibited, the ALP isoenzyme is identified as ___
Intestinal
If phenylalanine is added to the ALP isoenzyme and 80% is inhibited, the ALP isoenzyme is identified as ___
Placental
If L-leucine is added to the ALP isoenzyme and is inhibited, the ALP isoenzyme is identified as ___
Nagao
If 2M urea is added to the ALP isoenzyme and 90% is inhibited, the ALP isoenzyme is identified as ___
Bone
If 2M urea is added to the ALP isoenzyme and 60% is inhibited, the ALP isoenzyme is identified as ___
Liver
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
B-glycerophosphate or Na-glyverophosphate
Bodansky
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
Phenylphosphate or disodium phenylphosphate
King-Armstrong or Gutman-Gutman
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
p-nitrophenylphosphate
Hudson
Bowers-McComb
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
p-nitrophenylphosphate (brown)
Bessery-Lowry-Brock
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
a-naphthylphosphate
Babson and Reed
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
Thymolphthalein monophosphate
Roy
Identify the method of ALP determination based on the substrate:
B-glycerophosphate
Sinowara-Jones-Reinhart
Optimal pH for ACP
5.0-6.0
Enzyme measured for platelet damage
ACP
Reagent that inhibits prostatic ACP
Tartrate
Reagent that inhibits non-prostatic ACP
Copper
For ACP testing, if the sample is not assayed immediately, the serum must be frozen of acidified to what pH level for it to be stable for 2 days?
6.5
