2S [LAB]: Calcium Flashcards
5th most common element
Calcium
Most prevalent cation in the body
Calcium
Maximal absorption of calcium is at what pH range?
Acidic
The reservoir form of calcium is bound to ___ and is ___% in the ECF
Albumin
40%
The physiologically active form of calcium is ___ and is ___% in the ECF
Ionized
45%
___% of calcium in the ECF is bound to anions as citrate, HCO3-, and lactate
15%
How many percent of total calcium in the body is present in the ECF?
1%
Hormone that stimulate osteoclast for bone destruction
Parathyroid hormone
Hormone that maintains normal calcium levels and converts inactive to active calcium
Vitamin D
Inhibitory hormone of PTH and vitamin D
Calcitonin
Calcitonin is secreted by the ___
Parafollicular thyroid gland
The calcium determination using colorimetric method uses ___ dye
Arsenazo III
The reference method for total calcium determination is ___
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
Aside from the Arzenazo III dye, what is the other method for calcium determination?
Ortho-cresolpthtalein complexone (CPC)
This calcium determination uses membrane impregnated with special molecules that selectively, but reversibly, bind Ca++ ions
Ion selective electrode
A calcium determination method that uses an electrical potential development, which is proportional to the ionized Ca++ concentration
Ion Selective Electrode
Preferred anticoagulant for calcium determination
Lithium heparin
These anticoagulants are not preferred for calcium determination as they bind with calcium
EDTA
Oxalate
T/F: In total calcium determination, samples must be collected anaerobically
False (ionized calcium samples are collected anaerobically)
Temperature preferred in sample collection for calcium determination
Room temperature
Identify the effect on calcium:
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Hyperthyroidism
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Benign familial hypocalciuria
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Multiple myeloma
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Increased vitamin D
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Thiazide diuretics
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Prolonged immobilization
Hypercalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Hypoparathyroidism/ hypothyroidism
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Hypermagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Hypoalbuminemia
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Acute pancreatitis
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Vitamin D deficiency
Hypocalcemia
Identify the effect on calcium:
Rhabdomyolysis
Hypocalcemia
Important ion in bone mineralization and muscle contraction
Calcium
Important ion for cardiac contractility and conduction
Calcium
