27/4/22 Flashcards
Complete anatomy of cranial nerves on prosection image
What is the main function of the temporal lobe?
Hearing
Complete brain in half anatomy page
Complete cranial foramina on prosection image
Complete cerebellum anatomy page
Go back over blood supply of brain - don’t just label but also draw it out
What is the major blood supply for the dura mater?
Middle meningeal artery
When does cauda equina begin?
L1/2
With the dorsal column - what part controls upper limb - more medial or lateral?
Upper limb - more lateral
Imagine legs running sraight up middle and lateral are your arms
What is the corticospinal tract responsible for?
Voluntary movement of the CONTRALATERAL side
Describe the pathway of the pudendal nerve
Through greater sciatic foramen
Wrap around sacrospinous ligamanent
Back through the lesser sciatic foramen
What is the role of the broad ligament?
To support uterus in position
Name the 3 layers of the uterus lining from most deep to most superfical
Endometrium
Myometirum
Perimetrium
What is the name of the bit between the vagina and anus?
Perineal body
How do you remember what part of the autonomic system is responsible for erection and ejaculation?
“Point and shoot”
Point (erection) = parasympathetic
Shoot (ejaculation) = sympathetic
How do you remember sperm pathway?
SEVEN UP
Seminiferous tubules Epididymus Vas deferens Ejaculatory duct Nothing
Urethra
Penis
How do you remember contents of the spermatic cord?
Purple Dick Contribute To A Good Sex Life
Pampinform plexus Ductus (vas) deferens Cremasteric artery Testicular artery Artery for ductus deferens Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Sympathetics Lymphatics
Name 5 causes of post-coital bleeding
- Infection
- Cervical ectropion
- Cervical cancer
- Coil not fitted properly
- Vuval pathology e.g atrophic vaginitis, lichen planus
- Cervical polps
When do you give HRT as continuous vs cyclical?
Cyclical if still getting periods/ last period <1yr ago
Continous >1yr since last period
When are the situations when you would give a patient oestrogen only HRT?
No uterus Mirena coil (acts as progesterone part)
Apart from >15 cigarettes a day what is another factor around smoking that is a contradiction for COCP?
Stopped smoking <1yr ago
What are the 5 fraser guidelines?
Who do they apply to?
Applies to giving contraception to <16
- They are sufficently mature and intellegent enough to understand
- They cannot be persuaded to tell parents or allow doc to tell them
- They will go on to have unprotected sex if don’t provide with contraception
- Physical or mental health is subject to suffering if don’t provide treatment
- Advice or treatment is in their best interest
If a sperm sample is abnormal when investigating pregnancy - what should be done?
Repeat test 3 months later
What is the management for subclinical hypothyroidism in the elderly?
Watch and wait
How do you manage patients with cellulitis who are penicillin allergic?
Clarithomycin
Erythromycin
Doxycycline
An asymptomatic catheterised patient has had bacteria found on their urine sample. How do you manage?
DO NOT TREAT
What is the name for the renal cause of AKI that I always forget?
What classically causes it?
Acute interstitial nephritis
Antibiotic use
In a Parkinson’s patient on many drugs what should NOT be stopped on acute admission in any circumstances?
Levodopa and other antiparkinson drugs
What is the difference between onset in pseudoseizures and true seizures?
Pseudo = gradual True = sudden
What is found on pelvic X-ray in AS?
Sacro-ilitis
Go over the little song to remember dates for antenatal screening
.
What cranial nerves correspond to each part of the midbrain, pons and medulla?
Midbrain 1, 2, 3 and 4
Pons 5, 6, 7 and 8
Medulla 9, 10, 11 and 12
What needs to be checked before doing a lumbar puncture in meningitis?
Clotting screen
Need to check for meningeal sepsis - if deranged clotting factors then dangerous to do lumbar puncture
Open or closed glaucoma that presents acutely?
Closed
What anti-epeletic can interact with COCP?
Phenytonin
After what percentage of blood loss does hypotension occur?
30%
What drugs can interact with lithium?
Those that affect kidneys - lithium is really excreted
How many days of treatment for worms?
1
What medication is used to manage ADHD?
What side effect does it have?
Methylphenidate
Suppresses appetite -> reduced growth
What are the aims for HbA1c on drug therapy?
53 if mono therapy
58 if triple therapy/insulin
