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Cards on Lead Up to Exams > 24/3/22 > Flashcards

24/3/22 Flashcards

1
Q

Coliforms are sensitive to what antibiotic?

A

Gentamicin

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2
Q

What factors must you consider when changing from IV to oral antibiotics?

Remember oral is optimum if poss

A

Ability to swallow

Afebrile

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3
Q

Where must you check with cellulitis of the leg and why?

A

Check between toes for tinea pedis (athletes foot) - potential point of entry

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4
Q

What is “rouleaux” formation on blood film?

A

Stacking of RBC

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5
Q

How does heparin work?

A

Increases potency of anti-thrombin

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6
Q

Should you worry if you see swab of pseudomonas aeruginosa from an ulcer?

A

No - they commonly colonise ulcers and only worry if patient not recovered from antibiotics for staph aureus etc.

More likely to cause problems if diabetic, or esp. deep

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7
Q

Is doxycycline allowed in pregnancy?

A

No

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8
Q

What antibiotic must patients not drink on?

Why?

A

Metrinidazole

Can cause N+V, flushing and in severe cases

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9
Q

What is the drug treatment for the following STIs

  • Chylamdia
  • Bacterial vaginosis
  • Gonorrhoea
  • Trichomoniasis
  • Candida
  • PID
  • Syphillis

What extra advice would you give for BV and candidia?

A 
Cyhlamdia - doxcycline 100mg BD x1wk 
Gonorrhoea - ceftriaxone 1g IM 
Trichomoniasis - metronidazole 
Candida - clotrimazole pessary and cream 
Bacterial vaginosis - metronidazole

PID

  • Ceftriaxone 1g IM
  • Doxycycline 100mg BD x2wk
  • Metronidazole 100mg BDx2wk

Wash with just water or completely unperfumed soap
Cotton underwear

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10
Q

Clyamdia doesn’t present with discharge colour change in women. It is normally asymptomatic - if it isn’t how would it present?

In men it can present with what kind of discharge?

A

Abdo pain
Abnormal bleeding
General change in discharfe

Milky

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11
Q

NAAT swabs are used to test for gonorrhoea and chlamydia - they test for DNA and RNA.

What are charcoal swabs used to test for?

A

Bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis

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12
Q

What STI are clue cells associated with?

A

BV

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13
Q

What STI is a strawberry cervix (multiple haemorraghes across the cervix which give it the appearance of a strawberry) assoc. with?

A

Trichomoniasis

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14
Q

What kind of pain in women is characterisitic of GU infection?

A

Deep dyspareunia - pain on deep vaginal intercourse

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15
Q

What is cervical excitation?

What is it a sign of?

A

Patient complaining of tenderness when moving cervix from side to side

Sign of pelvic inflammation

  • PID
  • Ruptured ectopic
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16
Q

What is involved in a standard STI screen if done anywhere in the UK?

A 
NAAT
- Gonorrhoea
- Chlyamidia 
Serology
- HIV
- Syphilis
17
Q

If wanting to do a speculum and STI screen what should be remembered?

A

Make sure do NAAT swab before speculum exam or else results not valid

18
Q

How do you perform a NAAT swab on males and females?

A

Females - typically self performed vaginal swab

Males - first void urine (like to have held urine for at least an hour)

19
Q

If a patient has signs and symptoms of upper GU tract infection - which are?

What would you treat for alongside any other infection?

A

Cervical excitation
Deep dyspareunia
Abdo pain

PID

20
Q

What is the most common bacterial STI?

A

Chylamidia

21
Q

How many days after exposure to chylamdia should you get tested?

A

14 days

22
Q

What is a ‘test of cure’?
In what STI is it done?
How long after treatment?

A

Test to make sure AB worked
Gonorrohea
2wks after ceftriaxone 1g IM

23
Q

Can neonatal herpes happen in primary and non-primary attacks?

A

Just primary in 3rd trimester

24
Q

Give a DD of lymphadenopathy in the neck

A

Infection

  • EB
  • Secondary syphilis
  • TB
  • HIV

Neoplasm

  • leukemia
  • lymphoma
  • metastatic
  • thyroid adenocarcinoma

Autoimmune

  • SLE
  • RA
25
Q

Patient presents with a genital painless ulcer - what do you suspect?

A

Primary syphilis

26
Q

What is the name of the bacteria that causes syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

27
Q

What is the treatment of syphilis - how does it differ for early and late presentation?

What makes it late syphilis?

A

Late = asymptomatic and had for over 2 years

IM benzathine penicillin - stat for early

Late = weekly dose for 3 weeks

28
Q

What HPV type is worse - 16 or 18?

A

16

29
Q

What is the treatment for HPV warts?

A

podophyllotoxin

30
Q

What causes the majority of HPV warts?

A

HPV 6 and 11

Cards on Lead Up to Exams (41 decks)

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