11/4/22 Flashcards
Where is the pathology in primary vs secondary thyroidism?
Primary - at the thyroid
Secondary - at the pituitary
When you put blood in fridge over night what happens to potassium levels?
Increase as K+ leaks out of cells
Sprinolocatone causes what electolyte imbalance?
Hyperkalaemia
Tiredness tests
Renal function = Decreasing renal function
FBC = anaemia
CK - muscle problems
TFT (thyroid function test) = hypothyroidism
What condition should you look out for before starting a patient on thyroxine?
Coronary heart disease
What is the limit for hyponatremia level where it becomes urgent invesitgation?
120
How do you diagnose acromegaly?
Oral glucose tolerance - should be supressed in acromegaly it’s not
What endocrine response can you get from atypical anti-psychotic drugs?
High prolactin
What type of blood cancer is assoc. with unexplained hyperkalaemia?
CML
- due to leakage of potassium from leukemic cells
How do you assess for adrenal insuffiency?
What is the name for the autoimmune cause of primary?
What hormone balance does it cause?
How can you tell difference between primary and secondary?
Low cortisol + low aldersterone
Addisons
Synacthen test (synethic ACTH) - failure of cortisol to rise = adrenal insuffiency
Measure ATCH - high ATCH = primary, low = secondary
How do you manage adrenal insuffiency?
Hydrocortisone 2-3 doses a day
What is the reason for pseudohyperkalaemia that can occur just in primary settings?
Can occur when blood is kept in fridge
Doesn’t occur in hopsital as samples done properly
What is the antibiotic used in UTI?
Nitrofuratonin
