2.4 Psychology Cognitive Process

Question 1

What Makes Us Human?

Answer 1

Our brain and its cognitive abilities are what defines us as human.

Question 2

The Cerebral Cortex

Answer 2

The central core of the human brain
brain’s outermost layer of nerve cell tissue
controlls our:
senses
thoughts
language
memory

Question 3

The Cognitive Process

Answer 3

Encounter Problem
Encode or Store Information
Infer Possible Relationships
Apply Possible Responses
Evaluate - does the response work?
Respond/Action

Question 4

Inductive Reasoning:

Answer 4

• Collecting specific information to form a general assumption
• aims at developing a theory
• specific ot vauge

Question 5

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 5

• Applying general assumptions to specific cases
• aims at testing an existing theory
• vauge to specific

Question 6

Four Major Schools of Thought

Answer 6

Psychodynamic Theory

Behavioural Psychology

Humanist Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Question 7

Which branch of psychology holds the belief that empirical evidence (obtained through experimentation) is needed to understand and change human behaviours?

Answer 7

Behavioural Psychology

Question 8

Which behavioural psychologist used rats and pigeons to demonstrate how the use of punishment and rewards can influence behaviour?

Answer 8

BF Skinner
He coined the term “operant conditioning”