21 - FFx County Hydraulics Manual Flashcards
What is the formula to find the nozzle discharge from a smooth bore nozzle?
29.7xD^2x√NP
What is the formula to calculate nozzle reaction from a smooth bore?
1.57xD^2xNP
What is the formula to calculate nozzle reaction for a fog stream nozzle?
.0505xQx√NP
A column of water 1’ high exerts a pressure of what at its base?
.434 psi
Smooth bore handline pressure can be increased to what PSI for a higher flow?
65 psi
How many GPM does a handline tip size of 1 1/4” flow? (Theoretical)
328 gpm
How many GPM does a master stream flow with a tip size of 1 3/8”? (Theoretical?
502 gpm
The 2 1/2” cellar nozzle flows how many GPM and at what PSI?
350 gpm, 100 psi
What is the tip size of the smooth bore nozzle used on the Akron Quick-Attack Mercury Monitor?
1 3/8”
What is the maximum inlet pressure for the Mercury Monitor?
150 psi
Below what GPM is there no appliance loss?
350 gpm
What is the maximum safe PDP?
250 psi
How many GPM does a hadline tip size of 7/8” flow? (Theoretical)
161 gpm
At what PSI and how many GPM does the JS-10 nozzle flow?
100 psi, 100 gpm
The Portable Foam Eductor must be placed how many feet from the pump panel and within how many feet of the nozzle?
50’, 200’
When using CAFS, the amount of water required to create an effective stream is decreased by?
25%
Most Fairfax County pumpers are rated at what GPM at 150 psi?
1500 gpm
What is the coefficient for using one 4” and one 3” line?
0.09
When drafting, what is the RPM range to set at the pump panel?
1000-1200 RPM
What intake is best used during drafting operations?
Side intake
How many gallons does one cubic foot contain?
7.5 gal
How much pressure does a column of 1 foot of water exert?
.434 psi
How much water does a 50’ section of 1.88” hose contain?
7.2 gal
What is the term to describe the water pressure due to elevation?
Head pressure
What is the formual to determine the volume of a rectangular/square shaped container?
L X W X D X 7.5gal
What is the formula to determine the volume of a cylindrical shape?
3.14 X r^2 X H X7.5 gal
What is the formula to determine the discharge of a smooth bore nozzle?
29.7X d^2 X sqrt(NP)
What is the theoretical calculation gpms of an 1 1/4” smooth bore nozzle being flowed at 50psi?
328 gpm
What is the fireground gpms for an 1 3/4” smooth bore nozzle being flowed at 80psi?
800 gpm
What is the range of GPMs the 2 1/2” Akron Assault Fog Nozzle can deliver?
125-250 gpm
How many gallons are delivered and at what nozzle pressure does the booster reel operate at?
12-60gpm, 100psi
How many gallons are delivered and at what psi is the decon shower operated at?
270 gpm, 75 psi
How many gallons are delivered and at what psi is the piercing nozzle operated at?
125 gpm, 100 psi
What is the first principle of friction loss?
Friction loss varies directly with the length of hose or pipe
What is the fourth principle of friction loss?
Friction loss is independent of pressure
What rating does the JS-10 nozzle have and what is the nozzle pressure?
100 gpm, 100 psi
How far away must the foam eductor be placed away from the pump panel?
50’
What is the coefficient used for supplyu using 3” and 4”?
0.09
If there is a 14% drop from static to residual pressure, how many like volumes are left?
2 times the original amount
What is the minimum type of supply line to be used for an elevated master stream?
One LDH or two 3”
Theoretic GPM for 1/2” tip on a handline
53
Theoretical GPM for a 7/8” tip on a handline
161
Theoretical GPM for a 15/16” tip on a handline
185
Theoretical GPM for a 1” tip on a handline
210
Theoretical GPM for a 1 1/8” tip on a handline
266
Theoretical GPM for a 1 1/4” tip on a handline
328
Formula for determining volume for a rectangular or square shaped container
L’ x W’ x D’ x 7.5
The formula to determine the volume of a cylinder, pipe, or hose in gallons
π x r2 x H’ (or L’) x 7.5
Formula for determining the flow from a smooth bore nozzle
gpm = 29.7 x d2 x Sq Rt NP
Theoretical GPMs for a 1 1/4” tip on a master stream
415
Theoretical GPMs for a 1 3/8” tip on a master stream
502
Theoretical GPMs for a 1 1/2” tip on a master stream
598
Theoretical GPMs for a 1 3/4” tip on a master stream
814
Theoretical GPMs for a 2” tip on a master stream
1062
The Decon shower flows 270 GPM at how many PSI?
75
The piercing nozzle flows 125 GPM at how many PSI?
100
The 2 1⁄2” distributer nozzle flows 250 gpm at how many psi?
100
The 1 1⁄2” distributer nozzle flows 95 gpm at how many psi?
50
The 2 1⁄2” cellar nozzle flows 350 gpm at how many psi?
100
The 1 1⁄2” cellar nozzle flows 160 gpm at how many psi?
100
What is the study of fluids at rest?
Hydraulics
How much does one cubic foot of fresh water weigh?
62.5 pounds
How many cubic inches are in one cubic foot?
1,728
How much does one gallon of fresh water weigh?
8.33 pounds
A 50’ length of 1-3/4” hose contains how may gallons of water?
6.24
A 50’ length of 1.88” hose contains how may gallons of water?
7.2
A 50’ length of 2-1/2” hose cantains how many gallons of water?
12.74
A 50’ length of 3” hose contains how many gallons of water?
18.35
A 100’ length of 4” hose cantains how many gallons of water?
65.25
How many GPM do our Akron Assault nozzles flow using the fog tip?
175
How many GPM do our Akron Assault nozzles flow using the 15/16” slug?
185
What is the nozzle pressure for hand lines with smooth bore nozzles?
50
What is the nozzle pressure for master streams with smooth bore nozzles?
80
How many GPM does the Akron Quick-Attack Mercury monitor flow?
500
What is your appliance loss when flowing less than 350 GPM?
0
What number do we use on the fire ground for calculating elevation pressure?
5
The Husky Foam Systems are able to inject foam at what percent?
0.1% - 3%
What is the starting pressure when using both 3” and 4” supply lines at the same time?
100
What limits the maximum amount of water being delivered to the fire scene in a relay operation?
The water source and the pumping capacity of the smallest pumper
What is the starting pressure for a standpipe?
150
If you are pumping a fog nozzle that is not an Akron Assault, what is the nozzle pressure?
100 psi
To achive a higher flow from a smooth bore handline, you should
increase nozzle pressure to 65 psi
Pumper discharge pressure is measured in
psi
An appliance known as a Siamese does what?
combines two or more hoselines into one
When pumping forestry line, the nozzle pressure is
100 psi
What accessory flows 270 gpm at 75 psi?
decon shower
What size smooth bore tip is on the Mercury Monitor?
1.375”
You are pumping the Mercury Monitor with a fog nozzle, you are asked to increase the pressure, what is the max pressure you can increase to?
150 psi
What is the friction loss for a gated wye flowing 300 gpm?
0
The county’s foam eductor is required to be how close to the nozzle?
200 feet
To avoid air build up in a hoseline while using CAFS, what must be done?
bale slightly open at all times
What hose line combination have the same friction loss as one 4”?
dual 3”
What building system is to be charged only when confirmation of fire or smoke/fire showing?
sprinkler
When operating as a relay pumper, what pressure can your pump be operated in without being in gear?
50 psi or less
If 3” and 4” hoses are being used for supply, what is the starting pressure?
100 psi
As water leaves the nozzle under pressure it causes a force in opposite direction, which is called?
nozzle reaction
The formula for determining volume of water in a rectangular or square container is LxWxDx what number?
7.5
Pressure created by the velocity of water coming from a discharge is called?
flow pressure
One cubic foot of fresh water weighs?
62.5 lbs
Master stream fog nozzles have operating range of?
150-2000 gpm
How tall of a column exerts the pressure of 1 psi at its base?
2.304’
How much does one cubic foot of fresh water weigh?
62.5
How much does a 50’ section of 3” hose weigh?
18.35
What is the starting nozzle pressure for an Akron Assault Nozzle?
50
What can the nozzle pressure for master streams with smooth bore nozzles be increased to?
100
What does EL stand for when it comes to Hydraulics?
Nothing, the correct abbreviation is EP for elevation pressure
What is the formula for determining the volume of a cylinder, pipe, or hose in gallons?
p x r2 x H’ x 7.5
What is the formula for determining the discharge of a smooth bore nozzle?
gpm = 29.7 x d2 x √NP
What is the theoretical gpm for a 1 1/8” handland?
266
What is the theoretical gpm for a 1 1/2” master stream?
598
What is the theoretical gpm for a 1 3/4’’ master stream?
814
The 1” adjustable gallonage fog nozzle is an adjustable flow nozzle that can be set to deliver between how many gpm’s?
12-60 gpm
The 2 1/2” Akron Fog Nozzle is an adjustable flow nozzle that can be set to deliver between how many gpm’s?
125-250 gpm
What is the gpm that decon showers are capable of flowing?
270 gpm
How many gpm does the penetrating nozzle flow at 100 psi
125 gpm
The 2 1/2” cellar nozzle flows how many gpm at 100 psi?
250 gpm
The 1 1/2” distributer nozzle flows 95 gpm at how much psi?
50 psi
What is the proper coefficient regarding friction loss for a 2 1/2” hose?
2
At 200 psi the County Portable Foam Eductor has a flow of what?
95-125 gpm
Most Fairfax county pumpers are rated at what?
1500 gpm at 150 psi pump pressure
A 50’ section of 1.88” contains how many gallons of water?
7.2 gallons
A column of water 1’ high exerts a pressure of what at its base?
0.434 psi
What is the maximum pressure that a smoothbore hand line nozzle can be increased to?
65 psi
Akron Assault nozzles are designed to operate with what nozzle pressure?
50 psi
What is the formula used to calculate smooth bore nozzle discharge?
29.7 x d2 x √NP
Using theoretical calculations, a 1 1/8” nozzle flows what gpm?
266 gpm
Using fire ground calculations, a 1 3/8” master stream nozzle flows what gpm?
500 gpm
The 1” adjustable gallonage nozzle flows between what gpm?
12 to 60 gpm
A 2 1/2” distributor nozzle flows what gpm at 100 psi?
250 gpm
What is the required pressure for a 1 3/4” break away smooth bore nozzle?
110 psi
What is the required pressure when flowing 500 gpms on a Task Force Tip automatic nozzle?
90 psi
What is the maximum inlet pressure when using the Mercury Monitor?
150 psi
A Mercury Monitor has what size inlet and outlet?
2 1/2”
What is the second principle of friction loss?
All variables being the same, the friction loss varies approximately with the square of the increase in the velocity of flow
What is the friction loss coefficent for 5” hose?
0.08
What is the maximum safe PDP during normal operations?
250 psi
The Husky Foam system has a rated capacity of what gpm when flowing this psi
3 gpm at 150 psi
All Fairfax County pumpers carry a minimum of what quantity of foam?
40 gallons
Most Fairfax County pumpers are rated to flow what gpm at what psi?
1500 gpm at 150 psi
Most hydrants in Fairfax County are capable of flowing what quantity of gpms?
1000 gpm
What is the study of fluids at rest and in motion?
Hydraulics
One cubic foot of fresh water weighs how many pounds?
62.5
100’ length of 4” hose contains how many gallons of water?
62.25
Using theoretical calculations how many GPM flows through a 1” smooth bore nozzle?
210
The decontamination shower is used for hazardous materials incidents or to decontaminate firefighting personnel. They flow how many GPM at what PSI?
270 GPM / 75 PSI
The friction loss coefficient for 1.75” hose per IFSTA is what?
15.5
Over 350 GPM appliance loss is what?
10 PSI
A column of water one foot high exerts a pressure of what at its base?
0.434
The maximum safe discharge pressure during normal operations is what?
250 PSI
The National Foam JS-10 air aspirating nozzle has a rating of what at what psi at the tip?
100 GPM / 100 PSI
Fairfax County CAFS pumpers carry a minimum of how many gallons of foam?
40
Pierce recommends that CAFS only be used in lines up to what length for maximum effectiveness?
250’
If a 4” and a 3” supply line are used together they should be charged to a minimum starting pressure of what?
100 PSI
Most Fairfax County pumpers are rated at what GPM at what PSI pump pressure?
1500 GPM / 150 PSI
Two 4” supply lines has a coefficient of what?
0.05
There are how many factors that will determine the correct PDP when supplying an aerial device?
4
The starting pressure for all aerial devices is what?
150 PSI
When drafting the driver operator should increase the throttle by what RPM or manufactures recommendation and engage primer?
1000 - 1200 RPM
Any time incoming pressure exceeds what, the pump shall be operated in pump gear?
50 PSI
For safety reasons, after a water supply has been established, the tank to pump valve shall be?
Closed
How much does one cubic foot of fresh water weighs?
62.5 pounds
Which 50’ section of hose contains 7.20 gallons of water?
1.88 inch
To what pressure can a hand line with a smooth bore be increased to achieve a higher flow?
65 psi
The rate at which water travels from an orifice and can be measured using a pitot gauge is?
Discharge velocity
How can 3 inches be converted into feet?
3”/12”
Which of this is the formula to determine volume for a rectangular/square container?
V=LxWxDx7.5
What is the formula to find volume of a cylinder?
V=π x r² x h x 7.5
What is the weight of water on a flat roof on a townhouse that is 30’L, 20’W and 1 1/2’ deep?
56,250 pounds
Which formula is used to determine discharge?
29.7 x d² x √np
What is the theoretical calculation for 15/16 tip size?
185
Which tip is used when 500 gpm are flowing?
1 3/8”
This type of adjustable nozzle can be set to deliver 125-250 gpm:
2 1/2” akron fog
What nozzle pressure is usually the booster reel operated at?
100 psi
Which device flows 270 gpm at 75 psi?
Decon shower
What gpm and psi does a 2 1/2” distributor nozzle operate?
250 and 100
This monitor is fixed to the pumper but can be detached and connected to a ground mount:
Combination
Choose the most accurate about, all variables being the same, friction loss will vary directly with the length of the hose/pipe?
1st principle of friction loss
What is the 4th principle of friction loss?
Friction loss is independent of pressure
What is the friction loss in 500’ of 3” supplying a mercury monitor?
100 psi
For how long can the CAFS compressor be operated without overheating?
2 hours
One cubic foot contains how many cubic inches?
1728
One gallon contains how many cubic inches?
231
A 50’ length of 1.88” hose contains how many gallons of water?
7.2
A 50’ length of 3” hose contains how many gallons of water?
18.35
Smooth bore handline pressure can be increased to what PSI for a higher flow?
65 psi
How many GPM does a handline tip size of 1 1/4” flow? (Theoretical)
328 gpm
How many GPM does a master stream flow with a tip size of 1 3/8”? (Theoretical?
502 gpm
The 2 1/2” cellar nozzle flows how many GPM and at what PSI?
350 gpm, 100 psi
What is the tip size of the smooth bore nozzle used on the Akron Quick-Attack Mercury Monitor?
1 3/8”
What is the maximum inlet pressure for the Mercury Monitor?
150 psi
What is the term referred to the pressure remaining in a water system when water is flowing?
Residual pressure
What is the maximum safe PDP?
250 psi
What is the flow of a 1” adjustable gallonage fog nozle?
12-60 GPM
Decon showers flow how many GPM’s at 75 PSI?
270
The 1 1/2” distributer nozzle flows how many GPM at 50 PSI?
95
The portable foam eductor flows 95-125 GPM with a pump disharge pressure of what?
200 PSI
Most Fairfax County pumpers are rated at what GPM at 150 psi?
1500 gpm
What is the coefficient for using one 4” and one 3” line?
0.09
When drafting, what is the RPM range to set at the pump panel?
1000-1200 RPM
In relay operations, if a 4” and 3” supply line are used together, what should the starting pressure be?
100 PSI
One gallon of fresh water weighs how many pounds?
8.33
One cubic foot of fresh water weighs how many pounds?
62.5
What is the standard nozzle pressure for attack lines in Fairfax County?
50 psi
Master streams have a high caliber water flow they are considered to flow over what GPM?
350 gpm
The Akron assault nozzles are equipment with a smooth bore slug that flows what?
185 gpm
The fairfax County approved decon shower flows what GPM?
270 gpm
A 2 1/2 distributor flows what GPM?
250 gpm
The 1 1⁄2” cellar nozzle flows what GPM?
160 gpm
Task Force Tip automatic nozzle has a max flow of?
1250 gpm
Maximum inlet pressure for the Mercury Monitor is?
150 psi
What is the coefficient for 3’’ hose?
0.8
What is the coefficient for dual 3’’ lines?
0.2
What is the appliance loss used when flowing more then 350 GPM?
10 psi
What pressure and what GPM does the JS-10 nozzle use to operate correctly?
100psi/100 gpm
Fairfax County Portable Foam Eductor’s flow what GPM?
95 to 125 gpm
What is the operating pressure for the in line foam eductor?
200 psi
What is the max height the nozzle can be above the in line foam eductor?
5 feet
When operating at a fire and using CAFS for is the application rate for Class A foam?
0.30%
Pierce recommends that CAFS only be used in lines up to?
250’
Combination fire department systems should be flowed at what standard operating pressure?
150 psi
How much water is in one cubic foot?
7.5 gallons
If a 100’ length of 4” hose contains 65.25 gallons of water, how much does that section of hose weigh?
543.53 lbs
What type of pump takes advantage of the incoming water pressure?
Centrifugal Pump
For each foot of elevation above the pump, the pressure increases by how much?
0.434 psi
What is the formula for determining the volume of a rectangular or square shaped container?
LWD*7.5
How much does one cubic foot of water weigh?
62.5 lbs
What is the square root of the nozzle pressure of a master stream smooth bore?
8.94
When determining flow from a smooth bore nozzle, what is the mathematical constant derived from a round opening?
29.7
What is the operating range of master stream fog nozzles?
150-2000 gpm
What is the flow of the decontamination showers used for hazmat incidents?
270 gpm
While flowing 125 gpm, what is the nozzle pressure for piercing nozzles?
100 psi
What is the maximum inlet pressure for the Mercury Monitor?
150 psi
When calculating pump discharge pressure, what is the appliance loss for the Mercury Monitor?
10 psi
What does doubling the length of hose do to friction loss?
doubles it
When calculating an attack pumpers PDP, what is calculated for Total Pressure Loss (TPL)?
Friction Loss, Appliance Loss, Elevation Pressure
What is the purpose of positioning the inline foam eductor 50’ from the pumper?
prevent turbulance
How long can the CAFS air compressor be operated without overheating?
2 hours
When using CAFS, which nozzle creates the best finished foam product for fire attack?
15/16” smooth bore
What is the starting pressure for all 4” supply lines when operating in a relay?
50 psi
What is the coefficient for dual 4” lines?
0.05
what is the rating of JS-10?
100gpm at 100psi
what is a JS-10 not equipped with?
a bale
how far must a eductor from panel and nozzle, according to the manual?
50ft and 200ft
what does cafs stand for?
compressed air foam system
what is the minimum starting pressure of 4 inch supply lines should be charged at?
50psi
what is the minimum starting pressure of 3 inch supply lines should be charged at?
100psi
what should supply pumpers (under normal circumstances ) not do to their discharges?
gate down
what does 10% mean using percentage drop for a hydrant ?
3x the amount
what the appliance loss for standpipe?
25 psi
what starting pressure for sprinkler connections at fdc?
150psi
what starting pressure for a combination fdc connection?
150psi
who orders do you charge aerial apparatus with water?
aerial driver or officer
what must happen after using aerial master stream and lowering?
must open drains or nozzle
what rpm does the manufacture recommend for using the primer?
1000-1200rpm
what intake should be used for drafting?
side intake
how many maximum gpm from drafting does front intake get?
900gpm
why does the front intake get the least amount of gpm during drafting?
amount of curves in the piping
anytime pressure exceeds 50 psi coming in, what must happen ?
be in pump gear
what does a de on shower flow at?
270 gpm at 75 psi
what does a piercing nozzle flow at?
125gpm at 100 psi
One cubic foot contains
1728 cubic inches
One cubic foot contains
7.5 gallons
One cubic foot of fresh water weighs
62.5 pounds
One gallon contains
231 cubic inches
One gallon of fresh water weighs
8.33 lbs
A column of water 1’ high exerts a pressure of
0.434 psi at its base
A column of water 2.304’ high exerts a pressure of
1 psi at its base
50’ length of 1.75” hose contains
6.24 gallons of water
50’ length of 1.88” hose contains
7.2 gallons of water
50’ length of 2.5” hose contains
12.74 gallons
50’ length of 3” hose contains
18.35 gallons
100’ length of 4” hose contains
65.25 gallons
100’ length of 5” hose contains
101.94 gallons
Nozzle pressure for hand lines with smooth bore nozzles is
50 psi
Nozzle pressure for master streams with smooth bore nozzles is
80 psi
Akron Assault nozzles flow
175 gpm
The nozzle pressure for all other fog nozzles is
100 psi
The formula for determining volume for a rectangular or square shaped container is: Capacity in gallons
L’ x W’ x D’ x 7.5
The formula to determine the volume of a cylinder, pipe, or hose in gallons is: Capacity in gallons
π x r2 x H’ (or L’) x 7.5 gallons
Determining the flow from a smooth bore nozzle can be computed by using the formula for gallons per minute when the nozzle pressure is known
29.7 x d2 x sqrt NP
When performing fire ground math and a number has multiple numbers after the decimal point, what should you do?
Round up to 2 decimal places
The formula for determining volume of a rectangular or square shape is ?
Length x width x depth x 7.5
What is the number for π?
3.14
What is a hand line PSI?
50
What is PSI for a master stream?
80
The Mercury Monitor flows how many GPM?
500 GPM
Booster reels have a PSI of ?
100
What do you pump the forestry hose at?
100 PSI
A piercing nozzle is at what GPM and PSI?
125 and 100
A cellar nozzle with 2 1/2” hose has a GPM of what?
350
What is the appliance loss for a Mercury Monitor?
10
Per Fairfax County what is the coefficient for 1 3/4” hose?
10
The JS-10 nozzle flows what GPM at what PSI?
100 and 100
The foam eductor need to be how far from the pump?
50’
What is the PSI of the foam eductor?
200
When preparing to draw a prime what should the RPM’s be at?
1000 - 1200
A column of water 1’ high has a pressure of ?
0.434
1 cubic foot of water has how many gallons?
7.5
A 50’ length of 1.88” hose holds how much water?
7.2 Gal
What is the GPM that divides hand lines from master streams?
350
What is the study of fluids at rest?
Hydraulics
How much does one cubic foot of fresh water weigh?
62.5 pounds
How many cubic inches are in one cubic foot?
1,728
How much does one gallon of fresh water weigh?
8.33 pounds
A 50’ length of 1-3/4” hose contains how may gallons of water?
6.24
A 50’ length of 1.88” hose contains how may gallons of water?
7.2
A 50’ length of 2-1/2” hose cantains how many gallons of water?
12.74
A 50’ length of 3” hose cantains how many gallons of water?
18.35
A 100’ length of 4” hose cantains how many gallons of water?
65.25
How many GPM do our Akron Assault nozzles flow using the fog tip?
175
How many GPM do our Akron Assault nozzles flow using the 15/16” slug?
185
What is the nozzle pressure for hand lines with smooth bore nozzles?
50
What is the nozzle pressure for master streams with smooth bore nozzles?
80
How many GPM does the Akron Quick-Attack Mercury monitor flow?
500
What is your appliance loss when flowing less than 350 GPM?
0
What number do we use on the fire ground for calculating elevation pressure?
5
The Husky Foam Systems are able to inject foam at what percent?
0.1% - 3%
What is the starting pressure when using both 3” and 4” supply lines at the same time?
100
What limits the maximum amount of water being delivered to the fire scene in a relay operation?
The water source and the pumping capacity of the smallest pumper
What is the starting pressure for a standpipe?
150
