18 - IFSTA Chapter 18 Flashcards
Another name for Stabilizers besides outriggers and ground jacks.
Screw jacks
Stabilizers: Straight jacks that extend down from the chassis are called.
Post-type stabilizers also called downriggers
Stabilizers that extend straight away from the truck and have jacks that extend straight down to the ground are called.
Box stabilizers also called H-stabilizers.
Stabilizers that extend down and away from the chassis at an angle are called.
A-frame, scissor, or X-style stabilizers also called fulcrum-type stabilizers.
The PTO system provides the power to?
The hydraulic pump
The driver/operator should only engage the PTO after the aerial apparatus has been
Properly positioned
Some apparatus manufacturers recommend that apparatus equipped with engine brakes or retarders may need to have that system shut off prior to doing what?
Engaging the PTO
The wheels should have chocks placed both in front of and behind the tire on
Both sides of the apparatus
What can also be used to supplement stabilizer effectiveness?
Cribbing
A slope of 5 percent means that there is a rise in terrain height of
5 ft for every run of 100 ft of distance
On a grade do not position the aparatus
Crosswise
Apparatus parked on a longitudinal grade outside of the manufacturer’s recommended operating range, should not extend or retract the aerial device over the side of the apparatus. On apparatus made before what year?
1991
Interlock prevents
the flow of hydraulic fluid into or out of the stabilization system while the aerial device is in use.
When the pressure releases from the stabilization system, the apparatus often
drops very quickly.
Some older pieces of apparatus still in service may be equipped with
Manual stabilizers
If a manual stabilizer lifts off the pad during aerial operations,
do not adjust it
Tractor Drawn: The driver/operator should never position the vehicle with the tractor and trailer at an angle greater than how many degrees?
90
IFSTA recommend what during every stabilizer setup and every time the aerial device is raised from its bed?
fully deploying stabilizers and stabilizer pads
Excessive loading on the aerial device will result in an expansion of?
The gravity circle
To deploy the stabilizers and the aerial device
it will be necessary to engage the aerial hydraulic system
What is the most critical aspect of preparing an aerial device for use?
Apparatus stabilization
Where is the apparatus’s center of gravity located when parked with the aerial device in the stowed position?
Along the longitudinal midline of the chassis between the front and rear axles
What takes the weight when the aerial device is elevated from the resting position on the cradle?
Suspension
What is increased when stabilizers are deployed?
Base of stability
What happens to the center of gravity when extending the aerial device straight over the front of the apparatus?
Center of gravity shifts forward
What happens to the center of gravity when rotating the extended aerial device?
The center of gravity moves away from the longitudinal midline of the apparatus towards the side of aerial operation
What is the theoretical safety zone that surrounds the center of gravity on an aerial apparatus?
Gravity circle
What could happen if the gravity circle is extended beyond the base of stability on the short jacked side?
Overturn the apparatus
Which of these is not another name for stabilizers?
Base supports
Which of these is not a common style of stabilizers?
Beam-type
What does PTO stand for?
Power take-off
What is the main function of the PTO?
It provides power to the hydraulic pump
Which of these is not a common type of PTO?
Hydro
What type of PTO system are most newer apparatus equiped with?
Hot-shift
What is the advantage of a hot-shift PTO system?
It allows you to engage these systems when the main transmission is in neutral
Which of these is not a preliminary check before deploying stabilizers?
Position of stabilizers
How much space should be between the tire and the wheel chock?
Approximately 1”
Which of these is not something the apparatus operator should be observant of when deploying the stabilizers?
Solid concrete
What is the term for setting the stabilizers on one side of an apparatus shorter than the other side?
Short-jacking
Correction of lateral unevenness is possible on grades of what percent?
5%
Anytime the aerial ladder is going to be raised from the bed what does IFSTA recommend
Fully deploying stabilizers and jack plates
A gravity circle in relation to aerial apparatus is defined as
Theoretical safety zone surrounding the center of gravity
When parking on a lateral grade, the gravity circle will move to
lower side
Overloading the aerial will do what to the gravity circle
expand
what will most likely result if the aerial is extended on the short-jacked side
the aerial will overturn
Stabilizers that extend down and away at an angle are what type
A-frame, X style, scissor, fulcrum
The PTO (power take off) is required to
engage aerial hydraulic system
A pneumatic PTO activation may not engage if
air pressure is too low
During an emergency it is important to have timely and efficient deployment of what as an aerial operator
stabilizers
When placing wheel chocks prior to aerial operation, one should
leave approximately one inch between chock and tire
An item carried on the aerial apparatus used to distribute weight when using stabilizers is called
stabilizer pad
What should be considered a last resort to assist in stabilizer effectiveness
cribbing
What can affect the engine speed during aerial operations
stablilization controls
To reduce chassis torque damage, what should be avoided when deploying stabilizers
fully activating one at a time
When depolying stabilizers, it is good practice to
alternate deploying each side to remain close to level throughout
What is a danger of flowing water from an aerial, if aerial is extended opposite of short-jacked side
nozzle reaction transfers weight to the opposite side of aerial
Stabilizers can often correct for lateral unevennes of grades up to
5%
If aerial turn-table is not level what is the result to the ladder
rungs will not be parallel to ground
On a longitudinal grade best practice is to operate the aerial in what postion
directly over the front or rear
Which of the following is correct regarding stabilizing on ice
melting ice under stabilizer pad can produce air spaces
Which of the following provides power to the hydraulic pump, which in turn creates a pressure on the fluid in the hydraulic system of the aerial apparatus?
PTO System
Which of the following types of stabilizers have straight jacks that extend down from the chassis?
Post-type stabilizers
What will excessive loading on the aerial device result in?
An expansion of the gravity circle
Which of the following best describes why the driver/operator should never position a tractor-drawn aerial apparatus with the tractor and trailer at an angle greater than 90 degrees?
Doing so may cause damage to the truck
If an apparatus is parked on a lateral grade, where will the center of gravity shift?
Lower side
Which of the following describes the effects the interlock has on the stabilization system while the aerial device is in use?
Prevents the flow of hydraulic fluid in or out of the stabilization system
Before retracting the stabilizers, what must the driver check around the entire apparatus for?
Make sure all personnel and equipment are clear of the apparatus
Which of the following is the best reason a spotter should assist the driver/operator with positioning the apparatus?
A spotter can help avoid obstructions such as curbs, manholes, and vehicles
Which of the following are the most common stabilizers used on newer apparatus?
Box stabilizers
How can you prevent setting the apparatus directly on top of the tire chocks when retracting the stabilizers?
By moving the wheel chocks slightly away from the tires before retracting the stabilizers
Which type of stabilizers are older midship and tractor-drawn aerials most likely to have?
Manual stabilizers
Which of the following is a characteristic of a manual stabilizer?
The extension arm must be swung into position manually
Which of the following is the reason the driver/operator should always raise the stabilizers in the reverse order by which they were deployed?
It avoids undue stress on any component of the apparatus
What happens when stabilizing a tractor-drawn aerial apparatus, and the tractor is at a 60-degree angle from the centerline of the trailer?
Achieves maximum stability
When stabilizing the apparatus on potentially unstable surfaces, what should the driver/operator ensure about the objects or ground surface upon which the stabilizers rest?
That it is solid and capable of supporting the necessary weight
What will operating stabilizer controls in an aerial apparatus automatically regulate?
Engine idle speed
When positioning a tractor-drawn aerial apparatus, what will happen when parking the apparatus with an angle between the tractor and trailer sections?
It will increase the stability beyond what the stabilizers alone can provide
When locking the stabilizers and transferring power to the aerial device, how does the driver/operator activate the holding valves?
By moving the selector switch to the aerial position
In order to activate the stabilizers, the driver/operator should make certain that the selector valve is in which position?
The stabilization position
Which of the followingcan affect stabilization of the apparatus by creating an air gap between the stabilizer pad and the ground?
Icy surfaces
What is the theoretical safety zone that surrounds the center of gravity on an aerial apparatus called?
Gravity circle
What happens to the center of gravity on an aerial apparatus as you move the ladder around the truck?
It moves with the ladder
There are three common types of stabilizers. What of the following is not one of them?
Manual Stabilizer
When you over load an aerial device , what happens to the gravity circle?
It expands
When short jacking an aerial device what is a concern with the gravity circle?
Your out riggers may be with in the circle
How should wheels chocks be placed?
Approximately 1” away from the tire
What can be done to prevent longitude movement of an aerial apparatus?
Front wheel brake is engaged
What is the name of the piece of metal on the bottom of the stabilizer that makes contact with the stabilizer pad?
Stabilizer shoe
A 2 piece aerial apparatus stabilizer device , consisting of an extension arm and lifting jack is called?
H- jack/ H stabilizer
Stabilizer pads provided by the manufacturer are normally what size?
24” x 24”
To prevent damage to the torque box you should never do what?
Activate one stabilizer alone
What should the driver do when the stabilizers touch the ground?
Alternate between sides when lifting
An example of a Fulcrum-Type Stabilizer is?
A- Frame
When is it ok to short jack an aerial apparatus?
When full stabilization is restricted
What should draw you caution when you are short jacked and operating the water way?
The transfer of weight to the short jacked side
What is the % of a grade that most ladder truck can correct to?
5%
A 5% grade is a rise of how many feet in what distance?
5’ in 100’
When deploying the outriggers on a hill, what is the proper deployment steps?
Up hill side 1st then level with down hill side
When positioning for aerial usageon a hill, what side do you want to work of off?
The up hill side
What is the angle for maximum stability with a tractor drawn aerial?
60°
What is not a common stabilizer configuration?
Square
Pneumatic systems require anywhere from what to what PSI air pressure for the PTO to be operated?
50 - 140 PSI
To prevent longitudinal movement ensure that what is activated?
Front brake lock
Before the actual deployment of the stabilizers, driver/operators should make sure all of the following are done except what?
Job functions are known by all of the crew
The wheels should have chocks placed both in front of and behind the tire, on both sides of the apparatus, with approximately how much of extra space for the apparatus to move?
1 inch
The flat metal plate attached to the bottom of the aerial apparatus stabilizer to provide firm footing is called all of the following except what?
Stabilizer plate
Driver operators should avoid placing stabilizers over all of the following except what?
Lightweight asphalt
What can be used to ensure there is room for the stabilizers to deploy?
Pike pole
What can be used to estimate the travel path of the stabilizers?
Arm span
What is commonly used on newer apparatus?
Box stabilizers
A fulcrum-type stabilizer extends at an angle down and away from the chassis of an aerial fire apparatus is called all of the following except what?
Box frame
Fulcrum stabilizers prior to the placement of the stabilizer pads should be placed where?
Within a few inches of the ground
In short-jacking situations waterway operations should be conducted how?
With caution
Correction of lateral unevenness is possible on grades of up to what?
5 degrees
Most manufacturers of aerial devices recommend what stabilizers be lowered first if on lateral unevenness?
Uphill side of vehicle
The aerial device should be operated how?
Over the high side of the apparatus
What type of stabilizer commonly has holes designed for the insertion of steel safety pins?
Box
Maximum stability in tractor-drawn aerial apparatus is achieved with what angle?
60 degrees
Many tractor-drawn vehicles are equipped with an alarm that sounds if an attempt is made to create an angle greater than what?
90 degrees
On longitudinal grades, operate the aerial device directly over what part of the apparatus to minimize stress on the device?
Over the front or rear
