11 - IFSTA Chapter 11 Flashcards
The difference in elevation between the surface of the static water supply and the center of the pump intake is defined as?
Lift
During the drafting process, how should the intake hose pressure correlate to atmospheric pressure?
It must be less than
For every 1,000 ft of altitude, how much is the approximate decrease in atmospheric pressure?
0.5 psi
What is the term referring to the height a column of water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow?
Dependable lift
When rating all fire department pumping apparatus, what is the minimum lift generated while drafting from the center of a pump intake to the surface of water?
10 ft
What devices may draw water as shallow as 1-2 inches?
Low-level strainers
When drafting from a natural water source, what may be used to support an intake hose and strainer from resting on or near the ground?
Ladder
What type of hydrants allow for more efficient access to a natural supply source through a pre-piped installation?
Dry
The formula for determining the capacity of a square/rectangular pool is?
C = 7.5 x L x W x D
The formula for determining the capacity of a round pool is?
C = 7.5 x Pi x r^2 x D
When calculating the theoretical lift, what must be done after determining the atmospheric pressure of an area in relation to the water’s pressure per square inch while inside the intake hose?
Multiply them
After factoring in the surrounding atmospheric pressure and friction loss in the intake hose, how many feet of dependable lift should every properly operating fire pump have?
14.7
Driver/operators should be able to evaluate conditions that affect static water source accessibility. Which of the following in itself is not a condition for concern?
flat water
Although it may vary based on atmospheric pressure, how many feet is maximum lift normally?
25
Since a total vacuum is not attainable using fire department pumpers, this means that pumpers cannot be expected to draft water that is located how many feet below the pumper?
33.9
Using the formula for determining maximum lift, what is the maximum lift when the intake gauge reads 12 Hg(inches of Mercury)?
13.56
Regardless of the intake method, what action is required after any pumping operation causing salt or dirty water to be drawn into the pump?
Flush with clean, fresh water
Which device may be used for water as shallow as one foot?
Floating strainer
What is the volume capacity of a square/rectangular pool that is 33 feet wide, 110 feet long, and has an average depth of 9 feet?
245,025 gallons
What is the volume capacity of a round pool that is 25 feet in diameter with an average depth of 8 feet?
29,452.43 gallons
What is theoretical lift when lifted by atmospheric pressure in a true vacuum ?
33.9
What is Maximum lift when raised through a section of hard sleeve hose to a pump?
25
What is dependable lift when friction and pressure loss are added to the suction hose?
14.7
Which of the following is NOT a problem when determining a static water supply?
Hard/Dry Ground
Pumpers may not be able to reach the water in all areas regarding drafting operations which of the following is a factor(s)?
All the above
Which of the following is the greatest height to which any amount of water may be raised through an intake hose to the pump?
Maximum Lift
If water does not rise to the level of the pump intake, drafting:
Will not be possible
In general, which of the following is the driver/operator Most concerned with?
Dependable Lift
Which of the following must account for all factors that contribute to the amount of work required by a pump to produce a fire stream?
Net pump discharge pressure
When evaluating a potential natural water source, what two factors must be considered first?
Adequacy and accessibility
Which of the following is most likely to cause a rollover of the fire apparatus?
Operating apparatus on unstable terrain
Which of the following is mostly likely to be placed at some natural water sites to create adequate water supply availability?
Dry Hydrants
Which of the following is the equation for determining the capacity of a square/rectangular pool?
7.5 x L x W x D
Which type of strainer requires 2 feet of water all around the strainer?
Barrel Strainer
Which of the following may be used when water is as shallow as 1 foot?
Floating strainer
An underground water storage receptable usually found in an area not serviced by a hydrant system is called?
A cistern
Which of the following equations determines the capacity of a round pool?
7.5 x 3.14 x r2 x D
Water is supplied through open cannels and portable pipes for:
Agricultural irrigation system
Connections similar to a dry hydrant for a quick fire department hook-ups may be available on?
Large indoor or outdoor swimming pools
Which of the following must be done after salt and dirty water is drawn into the pump?
Pump must be flushed with clean fresh water
What is the difference in elevation between the surface of the static water supply and the center of the pump intake?
Lift
What is the definition of theoretical lift?
Scientific height that a column of water may be lifted by atmospheric pressure in a true vacuum
How many gallons are in one cubic foot?
7.5
What is the definition of maximum lift?
maximum height to which any amount of water may be raised through a hard suction hose to a pump
Generally, you will be more concerned with a concept that is defined as, “the height a column of water may be lifted in sufficent quantity to provide a reliable fire flow.” what is this concept called?
Dependable Lift
What must account for all factors that contribute to the amount of work required by a pump to produce a fire stream?
Net Pump Discharge Pressure
When considering a major lake or river, what is generally not a major problem?
Adequacy
Two feet of water all around is considered the minimum what type of strainer?
Barrel Strainer
Which type of strainer may be used for water as shallow as one foot?
Floating Strainer
Which type of strainer is most commonly used to draft from a portable water tank?
Low-Level Strainer
What is defined as, “cleaning a fire pump or piping by flowing water through it in the opposite direction of normal flow?”
Back flushing
What is the formula for calculating the amount of available water from a rectangular or square pool?
Lengt x Width x Average Depth x 7.5
What is the formula for calculating the amount of available water from a round pool?
7.5 x π x r² x Average Depth
What is the gallonage of a rectangular pool that is 30’ long, 15’ wide, 3’ deep in the shallow end, and 9’ deep in the deep end?
20,250 Gallons
What is the gallonage of a ciruclar pool that is 100’ across and 8’ deep?
471,238 Gallons
What should be done after drafting from a static water source that is not a draft pit?
Flush the pump with clean water
What is the definition of a cistern?
Water storage recepticle that is usually underground and may be supplied by a well or rainwater runoff
What is the constant in the pressure correction formula?
2.3
What must be attached to all intake hoses when drafting from a natural water supply source?
Strainer
What is a major factor in determining the useability of a static water supply source?
Accessibiilty
What capacity is a pump with a 20ft lift?
60%
What happens to water to water capacity of a pump, as the lift or friction loss in hard intake hose increases
decreases
What are some problems that may impede access to drafting?
wet/soft ground/freezing water/inadequate depth
What can be used to supply land based pumpers from fresh or salt water?
fire boats
What water sources is man made with similar characteristics as a pond or lake?
ground reservoirs
What water source has water in open canals and portable pipes?
agricultural irrigation systems
what is the formula to find a round pool capacity? (in gallons)
C= 7.5 x 3.14x r^2 xD
what is the formula to find a square pool capacity? (in gallons)
C=7.5xLxWxD
what water storage is usually underground and supplied by well or rain water?
cisterns
What is something all firefighters need to wear working close to water?
personal flotation device
what can be used in a small, fast running stream to raise the level of water?
a ladder and salvage cover
What is the depth a floating strainer can be used?
1ft
What is the maximum height water can be lifted through a hard suction hose to the pump?
25ft
what is the formula for determining maximum lift?
L=1.13Hg
What is the maximum height a column can be lifted in a draft? (theoretical)
33.9ft
What happens if water does not rise to the level of the pump intake while priming?
draft will not happen
What is the difference between elevation from the surface of the static water supply to the center of pump intake called?
lift
How many feet is “Dependable lift”?
14.7ft
What can fire dept do to ensure access to drafting sites?
pre incident planning
What is it called when you clean a fire pump or piping by flowing water through it in opposite direction of normal flow?
back flushing
This is the difference in elevation between the surface of the static water supply and the center of the pump.
Lift
What is the device that exhausts air from an intake hose and fire pump when drafting?
Priming Device
The process of creating a pressure difference between the inside of the pump, the intake hose, and the atmosphere is called what?
Priming
Because the pressure outside the intake hose is higher than the pressure in the hose, water does what?
Water is forced in until the pressure within the pump equals atmospheric pressure
The maximum height of the lift when drafting is affected by what?
The amount of vacuum that the priming device can produce and the existing atmospheric pressure
This is the scientific height that a column of water may be lifted by atmospheric pressure in a true vacuum.
Theoretical Lift
For every 1,000 feet, atmospheric pressure decreases by approximately how many psi?
0.5 psi
What is the height to which any amount of water may be raised through a hard suction in to a pump?
Maximum Lift
In most circumstances, what is the maximum lift of a pump?
25 ft
Determine the maximum height ot which water will be lifted when the intake gauge reads 10 Hg.
11.3 ft
When determining maximum lift, what is the variable L in the maximum lift formula?
Height of lift in feet
What is the height a column of water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow?
Dependable Lift
How many feet is dependable lift usually considered to be?
14.7 feet
All fire department pumping apparatus are rated when drafting to a minimum of how many feet of lift through 20 feet of hard intake hose?
10 feet
All fire department pumping apparatus are rated when drafting with a minimum 10 feet through how many feet of hard intake hose?
20 feet
As the lift or friction loss in hard intake hose is increased, the water supply capability of the pump does what?
Decreases
Smaller natural water sources are more susceptible to what than large bodies of water?
Fluctuations in adequecy during droughts
Which of the following would not negatively affect a DPOs ability to access a natural static water source?
A boat ramp
If necessary a DPO can place a floating pump in a water source if they cannot access it with their apparatus. Floating pumps can develop and maintain a flow of up to what?
500 gpm
Although lesser depths may be suitable, how much clearance is generally considered the minimum amount for a barrel-type strainer?
24”
How does Irrigation system generally supply water?
Via open canals and portable pipes
What water system may require special threaded adapters or other tools to operate the system?
Agricultural Irrigation system
What is the costumary formula to determine the capacity of a round pool?
C=7.5x3.14xr²xD
This type of artificial water source typically contain many millions of gallons of water:
Ground reservoir
What are ground reservoirs similar to?
Pond or lake
Which type of water source FD may require owner to equip these with appropriate connections?
Private water storage tanks
What artificial water source may be stored at ground level or elevated?
Private water storage tanks
An underground water storage receptacle that is usually found in areas not serviced by hydrant system is?
Cistern
What is a method of gaining access to static water supplies during freezing weather?
Fill barrels with antifreeze
What can help to avoid problems with silt and debris?
Install dry hydrants
If an adequate draft can’t be established due to clogging, What can be done?
Back flush with tank water
Which device may draw water as shallow as 1 to 2 inches but will not provide required flow?
Low level strainer
What is the minimum depth for a barrel type strainer?
2 fet
Which type of deice may be used for water as shallow as 1 foot?
Floating strainers
The floating pumps can develop and maitain a flow up to how may gpms?
500gpm
When may be necessary to position portable pumps at a supply source?
Fire apparatus can’t make the require approach
A 1,000gpm pumper operating from draft has a PDP OF 120psi, a lift of 9 feet and a total intake friction loss of 6. What is the NPDP?
126psi
What is the customary formula for Pressure correction
PC=Lift+total intake hose friction loss/2.3
What is the concept where the height a column of water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow?
Dependable lift
Net pump discharge pressure formula is?
PDP + PC
