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CNS module - 4th year > 2010 final > Flashcards

2010 final Flashcards

1
Q

2 months baby was brought to the hospital unconscious by his mother, who admitted to strongly shaking the baby to stop crying. CT revealed massive subdural hemorrhage. Which blood vessel is affected?

A

Communicating veins

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2
Q

Long Term Poteniation

A

↑ entry of Ca & insertion of AMPA

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3
Q

α-motor neuron -> Gamma modulated sensitivity

A

-

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4
Q

Sensory fiber of golgi tendon -> Ib

A

-

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5
Q

Patient with infective endocarditis had a stroke?

A

Septic emboli

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6
Q

Patient who is able to draw perfectly but unable to read?

A

Associative agnosia

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7
Q

Patient who can’t recognize his relatives’ faces?

A

Prosopagnosia

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8
Q

Drug causes malignant hyperthermia?

A

Halothane

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9
Q

What is the characteristic of myelination of CNS?

A

Oligodenderocyte supplies more than one axon

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10
Q
  • In Alzheimer’s, what forms the tangles?
A

Tau

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11
Q

What is the precursor of Aβ?

A

APP

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12
Q

What is the content of plaques in AlZheimer’s disease?

A

Aβ

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13
Q

A brain shows fibrils?

A

Amyloid

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14
Q

Corticospinal tract in the internal capsule?

A

Posterior limb

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15
Q

What muscle is affected by damage to motor nucleus of trigeminal?

A

Temporalis

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16
Q

Which nerve is responsible in corneal reflex?

A

Nasocilliary (branch of ophthalmic)

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17
Q

Which part is responsible for the eye field?

A

Superior frontal gyrus

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18
Q

Which part is responsible for the auditory area?

A

Superior temporal

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19
Q

Nucleus involved in papillary light reflex?

A

Edinger-westphal

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20
Q

L-dopa 3- methytransferase?

A

Tolcapone

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21
Q

D2 receptor agonist?

A

Bromocriptine

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22
Q

A patient presented with lesions filled with plasma cells and spiral shaped microorganisms?

A

Neurosyphilis

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23
Q

Enlarged cells with cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions?

A

CMV

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24
Q

Patient with meningioma, his temporal fields are both affected. Where do you suspect the lesion?

A

Optic chiasm

25
Q

Loss of discriminative touch in the right lower limb. What is most probably affected?

A

Right gracilis fasciculus

26
Q

Right leg is spastic, what is affected?

A

Right lateral corticospinal tract

27
Q

Loss of pain in the left leg, where is the lesion?

A

Right spinothalamic

28
Q

Learning how to ride a joggling balls (skilled learning) is by which part of the brain?

A

Cerebellum

29
Q

What is the effect of dopamine on skeletomotor function?

A

Activation of the motor cortex

30
Q

GAA repeats?

A

Friedreich ataxia

31
Q

Ion channels defect?

A

Epilepsy

32
Q

Function of premotor cortex?

A

Choose the appropriate synergistic muscle

33
Q

Cyst consists of protrusions of the cranial meninges that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Meningocele

34
Q

Cranial Neural tube defect w/ nercosis?

  • Craniorachischisis
  • Rachischisis
  • Anencephaly
A
  • Craniorachischisis
35
Q

What is the precursor lesion to acute cerebral ischemia?

A

Atherosclerosis

36
Q

How to treat Military outbreak of meningitis?

A

Vaccine A + C

37
Q

Vaccination of children less that 2 against meningitis?

  • Conjugated C vaccine
  • Cefotaxime + vancomycin
A
  • Conjugated C vaccine
38
Q

Old male had Cyst with reactive gliosis?

A

Brain abscess

39
Q

Anxiolytic drug used to induce sedation and amnesia before procedure?

A

Midzolam

40
Q

Which drug inhibits the re-uptake of GABA?

A

Tiagabine

41
Q

A brain biopsy of a child was stained with tolidine blue and turned into red. What is the diagnosis?

A

Arysulfatase deficiency

42
Q

What is the characteristic of receptor potential?

A

It depends on the strength of the stimulus

43
Q

What makes the parasympathetic nervous system discrete and localized?

A

“one-to-one” ratio between pre/post ganglionic neurons

44
Q

What make the wave in EEG?

A

Ionic currents in dendrites

45
Q

What does measles cause?

A

Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis

46
Q

What is the embryological origin of medulla oblongata?

A

Myelencephalon

47
Q

(pic about conductive hearing loss-à bone conduction is better than air conduction) What part of the ear is damaged?

A

Middle ear

48
Q

In which wall is the lesser petrosal nerve located?

  • Labyrinthine
  • Mastoid
A
  • Labyrinthine
49
Q

Tonus of the smooth muscles of the brain vessels under normal physiological conditions is controlled mainly by?

A

Pco2

50
Q

What is the consequence of NK-1 activation?

A

Intracellular Ca will increase by inositol triphosphate

51
Q

What is the mechanism of action of amphotercin B?

A

Binds to ergosterol and causes leakiness

52
Q

A woman had vertigo, tinnitus& was diagnosed with meniere’s disease. Which part is affected?

  • Endolymphatic sac???
  • Semi-circular canal????
A

?

53
Q

In crossed extensor reflex, axon of sensory neuron to the extensor muscle directly synapses with what?

A

Excitatory interneuron

54
Q

What is true about diabetic retinopathy?

A

After 20 years, more than 75% diabetic will have some form of
diabetic retinopathy

55
Q

Fat tissue hormone responsible of regulation of body weight?

A

Leptin

56
Q

Hormone responsible for brain reward system?

A

Dopamine

57
Q

Most common fungus that leads to meningitis in immunocompromised?

A

C.neoformans

58
Q

EBM: Which site is used to view complete lists of systemic reviews & studies?

  • PubMed (not sure)
  • Or Up-to-date????
A

?

59
Q

EBM: If pre-test probability is 50%, sensitivity 97%, specificity

A

67%? PPV low, NPV very high

CNS module - 4th year (17 decks)

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