סכיזורפניה 2 Flashcards
Question
Answer
Who are the two major figures in psychiatry who studied schizophrenia?
Emil Kraeplin and Eugene bleuler.
Who used the term demencia praecox for schizophrenia?
Benedict Morel in French- demence precoce, and then kraeplin translated it to dementia precox, A term that emphasized the change in cognition and early onset of the disorder.
Who coined the term schizophrenia?
Eugene bleuler. He chose the term to express the presence of schisms among thoughts emotion and behavior in schizophrenics. Unlike kraeplin, schizophrenia need not have a deteriorating course according to Eugene.
What are the four A’s of schizophrenia and who coined them?
Associations, affect, autism, ambivalence. Secondary symptoms include hallucinations and delusions according to Eugene bleuler.
What was Ernest Kretzschmar’s theory about schizophrenia and body type?
Schizophrenia occurred more often among persons with asthenic, athletic or dysplastic body types.
According to Kurt Schneider can schizophrenia be diagnosed in patients without first rink schneiderian symptoms?
Even though clinicians frequently ignore his warnings , Schneider emphasize that at patients who showed no first rank symptoms, the disorder could be diagnosed exclusively on the basis of second rank symptoms and otherwise typical clinical appearance.
What are Kurt schneider’s first and second rank symptoms?
First rank: delusion of control, thought broadcasting, thought withdrawal, thought insertion, hearing one’s thoughts spoken aloud, auditory hallucinations that comment on one’s behavior, and auditory hallucinations in which two voices carry on a conversation. Some schizophrenic patients never exhibit first-rank symptoms or only experience them in some psychotic episodes. They may also occur in mania. Second-rank symptoms are common symptoms of schizophrenia but also often occur in other forms of mental illness. They include delusions of reference, paranoid and persecutory delusions, and second-person auditory hallucinations.
Who was karl Jaspers?
An existential psychoanalyst. He tried to understand the meaning of signs and symptoms in schizophrenia like delusions and hallucinations.
Who is adolf Meyer?
The founder of psychobiology. He saw schizophrenia as a reaction to stress. In the 1950s he coined the term “schizophrenic reaction” which was dropped in later DSM editions.
What is the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia?
Between 0.6 to 1.9% According to the epidemiologic catchment area study sponsored by the NIH. About 0.05% are treated for schizophrenia per year. About half of schizophrenics obtain treatment.
What Is the difference between male and female in schizophrenia?
The prevalence is the same. They differ in onset and course. Onset is earlier in men. Peak onset for men is 10 to 25. Peak onset for women is 25 to 35. Women have A bimodal age distribution. 3 to 10% of women present after the age of 40( a second peak).Men have more negative symptoms. Women are more likely to have better social functioning before disease onset than men. Outcome for female schizophrenics is better then male.
When is the typical age that 90% of schizophrenics present their illness?
15-55
What is late onset schizophrenia?
After 45 years old.
What is the risk of a 1st° relative of a patient with schizophrenia to develop the disease?
10 times the general population.
What is the fertility rate of persons with schizophrenia?
Close to the general population.
What is the mortality rate among schizophrenics compared to the general population?
It is higher- from accidents and natural causes. Studies have shown that up to 80% of schizophrenics have concurrent medical illnesses and up to 50% may be undiagnosed.
During which season are schizophrenics usually born? With what infection is schizophrenia associated?
1.Winter and early spring. Northern hemisphere January to April and southern hemisphere July to September.2. Particularly influenza.
Which factors did studies show increase risk for schizophrenia?
1)Gestational and birth complications. 2)Exposure to influenza epidemics(specially during second trimester). 3)Maternal starvation during pregnancy. 4)Rhesus factor incompatibility. 5)an excess of winter births.
What is the lifetime prevalence of any drug abuse other than tobacco in schizophrenics?
50%
True or false : for all drugs of abuse, abuse is associated with poorer function.
True. For drugs other than tobacco.
