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A-Level History: Tsarist And Communist Russia - 1855-1964 > 19 - Lenin's Russia: Ideology And Change > Flashcards

19 - Lenin's Russia: Ideology And Change Flashcards

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1
Q

What book did Lenin write in 1917? What did he explain in it?

A

State and Revolution

Ideology

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2
Q

What was Lenin concerned about the transition of when the Bolsheviks achieved power?

A

Socialism

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3
Q

What determined early Bolshevik rule over Lenin’s ideology? What State did this develop?

A

Circumstances

Soviet state

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4
Q

What Marxist view did Lenin follow? What did Lenin hope for?

A

Government should be in the hands of “the people”

Democracy

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5
Q

What did most Russians, along with Lenin, believe a revolution was all about?

A

Ending all social privileges

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6
Q

What did the peasants do to nobles’ land?

A

Distributed it out

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7
Q

What did workers take control of in the cities? What call of Lenin’s did they respond well to?

A

Factories

“The looting of the looters”

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8
Q

What did workers confiscate from the bourgeoisie? What happened to it?

A

Property

It was shared

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9
Q

What were the wealthy forced to do under the workers?

A

Manual labour

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10
Q

What did Lenin and Trotsky believe would create a socialist society? What event did they hope this would emerge from?

A

World revolution

Great War

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11
Q

During WW1, what 2 groups did socialists take on in a civil war? Why was this important?

A

Employers and government

It strengthened Marxism

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12
Q

What Marxist idea was based on societies such as those in Germany and Britain?

A

“Dictatorship of the Proletariat”

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13
Q

What would “dictatorship of the proletariat” mean for urban workers? How much of the Russian population were peasants during WW1?

A

They were a “majority”, not one

80%

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14
Q

What military advance continued during WW1?

A

German military advance

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15
Q

What did the Bolsheviks promise to Russians? What were they forced to sign?

A 
Peace
An armistice (cease-fire)
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16
Q

Who played for time in German treaty negotiations? What was he hoping for in the West?

A

Trotsky

Revolution

17
Q

What did Lenin insist that Russia accepts? What did some not like about it?

A

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

It was humiliating for Russia

18
Q

What did Lenin believe was more important than an international revolution? What foundation did this create for Stalin?

A

Russian revolution

“Socialism in One Country”

19
Q

Who did Lenin believe should exercise the “dictatorship of the proletariat” movement?

A

Bolsheviks

20
Q

Who did Lenin have no interest in sharing power with? What did he close to show this?

A

Other socialists

He closed the Constituent Assembly

21
Q

What Soviet did Lenin increasingly bypass to show no enthusiasm in socialists?

A

Petrograd Soviet

22
Q

How was Sovnarkom run after March 1918? Who left Sovnarkom at this time?

A

Bolshevik-only Sovnarkom

Remaining SRs

23
Q

What party did the Bolsheviks become in March 1918?

A

Communist Party

24
Q

What War had a huge impact on the development of the Communist Party? What became more centralised as a result?

A

Civil War

Government

25
Q

What did the Communist Party resort to in order to enforce laws?

A

Terror

26
Q

What could a highly centralised government be portrayed as in the Communist Party?

A

Fulfilling socialist goals

27
Q

What policy did “War Communism” allow? What did this policy allow?

A

New Economic Policy (NEP)

More capitalist practices

28
Q

What ban did Lenin inflict on the Party for tight unity? Who later used this to defeat their rivals?

A

“Ban on factions”

Stalin

29
Q

What location was persecuted under Lenin?

A

Church

30
Q

Whose powers were extended under Lenin?

A

Secret police

31
Q

What trials were used to condemn SRs?

A

“Show trials”

32
Q

What 2 organisations shaped policy under Lenin?

A

Central Committee

Politburo

33
Q

How many members were in the Politburo? Which 3 key figures did this include?

A

7

Stalin, Lenin and Trotsky

34
Q

What new post was created in order to co-ordinate Party work? Who filled this post?

A

General Secretary

Stalin

35
Q

What does Historian D. Volkogonov argue the Bolshevik system embodied?

A

“The Bolshevik system embodied Lenin’s own personality”

A-Level History: Tsarist And Communist Russia - 1855-1964 (38 decks)

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