16 - The Collapse Of Tsarist Autocracy, February/March 1917, And The Establishment Of The Provisional Government Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 factors produced a workers’ revolution in winter 1917? Where did it take place?

A

Starvation and desperation

Petrograd

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2
Q

How many workers demonstrated in Petrograd on the 9th January 1917? What anniversary was this?

A

150,000

12 years since Bloody Sunday

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3
Q

How many workers were on strike on Valentine’s Day 1917? What did the Duma demand?

A

100,000 from 58 factories

Tsar abdication

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4
Q

What news was delivered on 19th February 1917? What 2 things did this cause?

A

Rationing began in March

Panic buying and violence

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5
Q

How many workers went on strike from Putilov from the 22nd February 1917?

A

20,000

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6
Q

What march was swelled by other events on 23rd February 1917? How many people called for bread and reform?

A

International Women’s Day march

200,000

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7
Q

What grew more menacing from 24th-25th February 1917? Why?

A

Demonstrations

Increasing calls for Tsarism overthrow

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8
Q

What did Nicholas II order the use of on 26th February 1917? What did he order to close?

A

Troops

Duma

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9
Q

What group joined protestors on the 27th February 1917? What Soviet was created?

A

Petrograd garrison

Petrograd Soviet

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10
Q

Where did Nicholas II leave to head to Petrograd on the 28th February 1917? Who was arrested under the newly established Provisional Committee?

A

Military HQ

Ministers

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11
Q

What new Order did the Petrograd Soviet issue on the 28th February 1917? What did this proclaim?

A

Order #1

Soviet authority

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12
Q

What did the Duma and Soviet agree to support the creation of on the 1st March 1917?

A

Provisional Government

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13
Q

Who did the Tsar abdicate in favour of on the 2nd March 1917? Who was he encouraged by?

A

His brother - Grand Duke Mikhail

Ministers and generals

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14
Q

What 2 groups were left in charge after Mikhail refused the throne on the 3rd March 1917? Who was placed under house arrest?

A

Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet

Tsar and his family

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15
Q

Who were the Tsar and his family murdered by in July 1918?

A

Bolsheviks

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16
Q

What happened after the Tsar’s abdication? Who was in charge?

A

Russia was left with two sets of authorities

Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet

17
Q

What did the Soviet agree to temporarily? What was drawn up that changed this?

A

Provisional Government’s authority

Constituent assembly

18
Q

What was the arrangement of the constituent assembly also known as?

A

Dual power

19
Q

Who became Prime Minister of the Provisional Government? What 2 main groups did the government compromise of?

A

Prince Lvov

Octobrists and Kadets

20
Q

Who was the only socialist of the Provisional Government? What executive Soviet committee did he previously sit on?

A

Kerensky

Petrograd Soviet

21
Q

What did the Petrograd Soviet compromise of? What did the Soviet act as?

A

Radicals

A “guardian” of rights

22
Q

What liberties did the Provisional Government and Soviet accept? What did they create for political prisoners?

A

Civil liberties

Amnesties

23
Q

What punishment, along with exile, did the Provisional Government and Soviet abolish? Who did they appoint to the judiciary?

A

Capital punishment

Independent judges

24
Q

Why did the Provisional Government and Soviet often conflict? What was an example of this?

A

Views on different issues

War

25
What did the Provisional Government continue to fight in? What did this lead to?
The Great War | Mass demonstrations
26
What did countryside peasants seize during the War? What were food supplies like in cities?
Land | Chaotic
27
What type of wages fell in cities? What rose as a result?
Real wages | Prices
28
How much support was left for the Provisional Government by the summer of 1917?
Little
29
What does Historian John Gooding say the overthrow of Tsarism was largely the work of?
"The overthrow of Tsarism was largely the work of unorganised masses in cities"