15B.1 Flashcards
What are carbonyl groups
compounds with the functional formula of C=O for example ketone and aldehyde (NOT CARBOXYLIC ACID)
what is the general formula for aldehydes
RCHO
what last name is given to aldehydes
methanal al
a carbonyl compound compound is only descried as a aldehydes if
if there is a hydrogen atom joined with the carbonyl group
a carbonyl compound compound is only descried as a ketone if
hydrocarbon groups are joined with the carbon group
what is the general formula for ketones
RCOR
what does the ketone end with
one
what is different about the C=O
it is polar with more electron density around the oxygen
what is the smell of aldehydes
short carbon chains have unpleasant smell (butanal) and the long carbon chain have pleasant smells (nonanal)
the smells of lower ketones remind people of
solvents specially propanone
what is the trend in boiling points for aldehydes and ketones
as the molar mass increases the boiling point increases
why are ketones and aldehydes have lower boiling points than alcohol
because alcohols have hydrogen bonding
are carbonyl compounds soluble in water
in the shorter chains yes because they can form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules, but with larger chains the solubility decreases because the hydrogen part of the molecule becomes more significant and the intermolecular forces become strong than the C=O force
