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ESA4 > 14 - Head + Neck - Oral cavity, Tongue, TMJ + Infratemporal fossa > Flashcards

14 - Head + Neck - Oral cavity, Tongue, TMJ + Infratemporal fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Name the boundaries of the oral cavity:

A

Sup: Soft + hard palate (maxilla + palatine bones)
Inf: Muscular diaphragm + tongue
Lat: Buccinators

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2
Q

Between which 2 muscles does the tonsillar fossa lie? Which tonsil is located here?

A

1) Palatoglossal muscle
2) Palatopharyngeal muscle

Palatine tonsil

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3
Q

Which salivary gland is most commonly affected by stone formation?

A

Submandibular gland

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4
Q

All muscles (except 1) of the tongue are innervated by which nerve?

A

CN XII

Exception = Palatoglossal = CN X

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5
Q

If a patient has a lesion of the left CN XII, what will happen if they try to stick their tongue out?

A

Tongue will deviate towards the side of the lesion

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6
Q

If a patient has a lesion of the left CN X, what will you see when they open their mouth?

A

Uvula deviation away from the side of the lesion

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7
Q

Which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is responsible for closing the oral cavity during swallowing?

A

Palatoglossus

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8
Q

What is ‘tonsillitis’ and name some common symptoms:

A

Inflammation of Palatine tonsil

  • Sore throat
  • Odyno/dysphagia
  • Enlarged erythematous tonsils
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9
Q

What are the 4 signs accompanying tonsillitis which indicates a bacterial cause:

A

1) Cervical lymphadenopathy
2) Fever
3) Pus
4) Absence of cough

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10
Q

If a patient presents with sore throat, cough and enlarged tonsils, what is the most likely diagnosis and underlying cause?

A

Viral tonsillitis (viral as cough present)

  • Rhinovirus
  • Adenovirus
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11
Q

How can you differentiate between tonsillitis and a peritonsillar abscess?

A 
Tonsillitis = usually bilateral, intact arches
Quinsy = 
- usually unilateral
- loss of posterior arch
- severe throat pain
- difficulty opening mouth
- 'hot potato' voice
- FEVER
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12
Q

Name the duct which drains from the parotid gland into the oral cavity:

A

Stenson’s duct

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13
Q

Name the duct which drains from the submandibular gland into the oral cavity:

A

Wharton’s duct

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14
Q

How does a salivary stone usually present?

A

Pain/swelling @ meal times

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15
Q

Which nerve gives general sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

CN V3 - Lingual nerve

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16
Q

Which nerve gives special sensory fibres to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

PNS fibres of CN VII - on Chorda Tympani

17
Q

Which nerve gives general and special sensory fibres to the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?

A

CN IX

18
Q

List the types of teeth from medial to lateral:

A
  • Central incisor
  • Lateral incisor
  • Canine
  • 1st + 2nd Premolars
  • 1st + 2nd + 3rd Molars
19
Q

Which nerve supplies the lower jaw and its teeth?

A

CN V3 - Inf. alveolar nerve

20
Q

Name the articulating surfaces of the temporomandibular joint:

A
  • Mandibular fossa (temporal bone)
  • Articular tubercle (temporal bone)
  • Mandibular condyle
21
Q

What type of connective tissue lines the articulating surfaces of the temporomandibular joint?

A

Fibrocartilage

22
Q

Which ligament associated with the temporomandibular joint prevents posterior dislocation?

A

Lateral ligament

23
Q

What is the most common type of dislocation affecting the temporomandibular joint?

A

Anterior

ie blow to side of mandible when mouth is open = ant. dislocation of same side

24
Q

What nerves are at risk during an anterior dislocation of the mandible (lock jaw)?

A
  • CN V3 - Auriculotemporal

- CN VII

25
Q

Name some common causes of TMJ pain:

A
  • Bruxism (grinding)
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Anxiety
  • Sleep disorders
  • Excess alcohol/smoking
26
Q

Where is the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Deep and inferior to zygomatic arch

- Deep to ramus of mandible

27
Q

Name the borders of the infratemporal fossa:

A 
Sup: Inf. greater wing of sphenoid
Inf: Med. pterygoid attachment of mandible
Ant: Post. maxilla
Post: Cervical sheath
Med: Lat. pterygoid plate of sphenoid
Lat: Ramus of mandible
28
Q

Which muscles lie within the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Lateral pterygoid
29
Q

Which blood vessels lie within the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Maxillary artery

- Pterygoid venous plexus

30
Q

Which nerves lie within the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Inf. alveolar (CN V3)
  • Lingual (CN V3)
  • Buccal (CN V3)
  • Chorda tympani (CN VII)
  • Otic ganglion
31
Q

Describe a mandibular nerve block:

A 
- Inject anaesthesia into infratemporal fossa via mandibular notch of ramus of mandible
Blocks branches of CN V3:
- Auriculotemporal
- Inferior alveolar
- Lingual
- Buccal
32
Q

Describe a inferior alveolar nerve block:

A
  • Inject anaesthesia @ mandibular foramen

- Blocks sensation to 1/2 mandibular teeth

ESA4 (36 decks)

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