1 - Repro - Origin of the Sexes Flashcards

1
Q

From which layer of the bilaminar disc does do the primordial germ cells develop from?

A

Epiblast

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2
Q

What determines whether the primordial gonads develop into ovaries or testes?

A

Whether they are colonised by a germ cell with XX or XY chromosomes

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3
Q

What part of the primordial gonad does a germ cell with XX chromosomes colonise?

A

Cortex

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4
Q

What part of the primordial gonad does a germ cell with XY chromosomes colonise?

A

Medulla

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5
Q

Name the gene expressed by Sertoli cells, which drives male development:

A

SRY gene

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6
Q

Which cell expresses the SRY gene which drives Male development?

A

Sertoli cells

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7
Q

What is the average length of the vas deferens?

A

~ 30-45 cm

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8
Q

Which part of the male genitalia develops from the urogenital sinus?

A

Prostate
Bulbourethral glands
Urethra

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9
Q

Which part of the male genitalia develops from the mesonephric duct?

A

Epidydimis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicles

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10
Q

Which part of the female genitalia develops from the urogenital sinus?

A

Vagina

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11
Q

Which part of the female genitalia develops from the paramesonephric ducts?

A

Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix

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12
Q

List some secondary female sex characteristics:

A
  • Hair growth
  • Breast development
  • Subcutaneous fat redistribution (around hips, buttocks and thighs)
  • Elbows hyperextend 5-8’ more than males
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13
Q

List some male secondary sex characteristics:

A
  • Hair growth
  • Change in body composition: more muscle:fat
  • Enlargement of larynx = voice deepens
  • Larger hands, feet and nose
  • Broadening of shoulders and chest
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14
Q

What is another name for the Wolffian ducts?

A

Mesonephric ducts

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15
Q

What is another name for the Mullerian ducts?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

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16
Q

Name the ducts from which the male genitalia develop from:

A

Mesonephric/Wolffian ducts

17
Q

Name the ducts from which the female genitalia develop from:

A

Paramesonephric/Mullerian ducts

18
Q

What ensures the regression of the Mullerian ducts for male development?

A

Mullerian Inhibitory Hormone (MIH) release from Sertoli cells

19
Q

What substance is secreted by Sertoli cells causing the regression of the Mullerian ducts?

A

Mullerian Inhibitory Hormone (MIH)

20
Q

What substance supports the development of the Mesonephric/Wolffian ducts?

A

Androgens

21
Q

Name the parts of the external genitalia of an indifferent embryo:

A
  • Genital tubercle
  • Genital swelling
  • Genital fold
  • Urethral fold
22
Q

What parts of the female external genitalia form from the urethral folds and genital swelling?

A

Labia minora

Labia majora

23
Q

What part of the female external genitalia form from the genital tubercle?

A

Clitoris

24
Q

Which hormone is vital for the closing of the urethral folds, for the development of the penis?

A

Dihydrotestosterone

25
Q

Which part of the male external genitalia form from the genital swelling?

A

Testes

26
Q

Which part of the male external genitalia form from the genital tubercle?

A

Glans penis

27
Q

Name the remnant of the gubernaculum:

A
Males = Scrotal ligament
Females = Round ligament of the uterus + Ovarian ligament
28
Q

Describe the location from where the testes and ovaries arise:

A

Upper lumbar area of posterior abdominal wall

29
Q

In approx. which month of development do the testes reach the iliac fossa?

A

~ 3rd month

30
Q

In approx. which month of development do the testes enter the inguinal canal?

A

~ 7th month