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pe > 12.1 Ethics and Deviance in Sport > Flashcards

12.1 Ethics and Deviance in Sport Flashcards

1
Q

What is deviance

A

unacceptable behaviour within a culture. Any behaviour that differs from the perceived social or legal norm is seen as deviant.

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2
Q

What does WADA stand for

A

World Anti-Doping Agency

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3
Q

What is the WADA’s role

A

bring consistency to anti- doping policies and regulations within sport organisations and governments right across the world’

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4
Q

Name 4 types of legal supplements

A

-caffeine supplements (coffee, energy drinks)

-creatine

-BCAA’s

-Epicatechin

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5
Q

Name 3 advantages of legal supplements

A

-can help build muscle, increase stamina, control weight etc

-can increase strength, performance and recovery (creatine)

-staying hydrated through drinking water of energy drinks can improve and aid performance

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6
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of legal supplements

A

-some could contain banned substances/ be contaminated

-health implications over long term use of creatine supplements, e.g. effects on digestive system and increased risk of cancer

-energy drinks contain high levels of sugar, contributing to obesity and tooth decay

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7
Q

Name 8 types of performance enhancing drugs

A

-anabolic steroids
-beta blockers
-stimulants
-anabolic agents
-diuretics
-peptide
-hormones
-masking agents

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8
Q

What is blood doping

A

misuse of techniques and or substances to increase red blood cell count

-remove 2 pints of blood before comp

-freezing blood 2 days before comp

-inject blood back in when thawed

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9
Q

Why do people blood dope

A

^ number of red blood cells

-> higher vol of haemoglobin present

-> more oxygen is transported to muscles

-> higher level of performance

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10
Q

Name 5 prohibited methods of performance enhacing drugs

A

-enhancement of oxygen transfer
-blood doping
-administration of products that enhance the uptake, transport and delivery of oxygen
-gene doping

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11
Q

Name 4 classes of prohibited substances

A

-alcohol
-cannabinoids
-local anaesthetics
-gucocorticosteroids

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12
Q

Name 6 reasons why elite performers use illegal drugs and doping

A

-improve performance

-desire to win at all costs

  • pressure to succeed from family, friends, coahces, or even state -> affect performers judgement & decision making

-psychological reasons (train harder, recover quicker)

  • high monetary rewards for winning and lucrative sponsorship deals

-some performers think everyone is doing it, so they should too - lvl playing field

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13
Q

Name 3 consequences of drug doping in sport

A

to society:
-negative publicity for nation
-illegal

to sport:
-bad publicity
-negative role modelling

to performers:
-damage to body, addiction
-damage to mind; mood swings, depression
-ban
-^ performance

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14
Q

Name 5 strategies to stop the use of illegal drugs and doping in sport

A

-WADA -> lists banned substances

-drug testing -> in & out of competitions

-stronger action by IOC (e.g. rio 2016 banned the russian athletics team)

-education - of performers and coaches on dangers & responsibilities

-stricit punsihments (lifetime ban)

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15
Q

What is violence

A

-intense physical force directed towards harming another individual

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16
Q

Name 6 causes of violence in sport

A

-desire to win- so overwhleming -> aggression

-nature of the actovity

-rivalries

-media increasing tensions

-frustration with officials/ result

-drugs/ alcohol

17
Q

Name 2 societal implications of violence in sport

A

if violence is to be tackled in sport, violent behaviour should also be tackled in society

-spectators relish violence in sports

-people who follow sport and directly spectate at sports events are more inclined to violence in certain situtations

-educate people on how to control their emotions

18
Q

Name 3 strategies to prevent violence among players

A

-educate with emphasis on fair play

-punish players at the time; bans

-better qualified officials

19
Q

What is match fixing

A

when sports competition is played to a completely or partly pre- determined result

-against law

-requires contacts between corrupt player, caoches and team officials -> team under-performing deliberately to ensure one team wins/ loses

20
Q

Why is gambling closely associated with spirts organisations

A

-as outcomes of events are unpredictable and theres a chance in most competitions

21
Q

What is spot fixing

A

when a specific aspect of sports competition is illegally pre-determined

-e.g football player being sent off at particularl part of the game

22
Q

How had globalisation had a negative on sport when talking about gambling

A

connections are made between international fixers local criminals players and match fixers

23
Q

What are anabolic steroids

A

PEDS- allow athletes to train harder for longer -> ^ strength, aggression

24
Q

What are beta blockers

A

PEDS- control heart rate- keep athlete calm

25
Q

What are stimulants

A

increase alertness

26
Q

What is deindividualisation

A

when you lose sense of being an individual

27
Q

Name 2 sporting implications of violence in sport

A

-governing bodies have their own disciplinary processes to ensure standards & maintain non violent behaviour

-playing strategies that promote violence should be punished

28
Q

Name 2 performer implications of violence in sport

A

-education of performers is important; performers are responsible for their individual actions & fair play

-performers need to be aware that they are role models- their behaviour will be copied

29
Q

meaning of ethics

A

principles/ rules that govern behaviour in life generally/ sport specifically

30
Q

what is deviance

A

seriously breaking rules & norms

31
Q

what is deindividualisation

A

when u lose sense of being an individual

-> cause violent behaviour

32
Q

Causes of violence among players

A

-violent nature of some sports

-equipment that can be used as weapinry (sticks in hockey)

-anger management issues

33
Q

Causes of violence among spectators

A

-overcorwding

-violence on pitch

-hoolgans keen to cause trouble

34
Q

name 3 strategies to prevent violence among spectators

A

-cctv

-increase police presence

-stricter punishments; bans, fines

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