11 Flashcards
Lasix also known as ____ makes you lose ____, _____, ____ and ____
Loop diuretics
potassium, thiamine, Mg, and sodium
Spironolactone spares ____
potassium
Thiazides aides in ____ absorption
calcium
good for pts with osteoporosis
What dz causes a weak heart due to poor blood flow, and therefore builds up fluid in the tissues? (heart is not pumping as it should)
Chronic Heart Failure (CHF)
Dilantin is also known as ____ is an ____
phenytoin
anticonvulsant
Dilantin needs to be given ____ meals
in between
The diet for epilepsy consists of ____ of calories from fat, with a ____:1 ratio
90%
4:1 (4 grams of fat for every 1 gram of non-fat)
Avoid ____ with Dilantin because it inhibits absorption into the blood-brain barrier
Ginkgo Biloba
In Marasmus albumin levels are ____
normal (no edema)
In Kwashiorkor is a type of ____ malnutrition
Albumin levels are ____
protein
low (due to fluid overload)
Iatrogenic is a ____ malnutrition
hospital-acquired
People with Maple Syrup Urine dz (MSUD) should not consume any ____
(NO MEN) = meat, milk, egg, nuts
In MSUD, pts should increase the consumption of ____ and ____ given low protein diet
carbs and fatty acids
In MSUD, pts are not allowed to have any BCAA’s which include ____, ____, ____
(Liv) = Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine
Pts with Galactosemia can’t have any ____, ____, ____ but they can have ____, ____, ____
milk, MSG, organ meats
hydrolyzed casein, soy, pure MSG
Phenylalanine is converted into ____
tyrosine
In Phenylketonuria (PKU) pts need to have ___ phenylalanine and ____ tyrosine
low Phe
high Tyr
The diet for PKU should be high ____ and ____ protein
high carb
low protein
Pts with PKU should avoid ____ (found in sugar-free candies)
aspartame
In gastroparesis avoid ___ and ___ meals
Pts should consume ___ frequent meals for easier absorption and transit time
high fat
high fiber
small
In cerebral palsy, athetoid is ____
Diet should be ___ and ____
____ are best for involuntary movements
non-spastic (ATHetoid = ATHletic)
high calorie and high protein, due to high BMR
finger foods
In cerebral palsy, spastic (= static = not moving) pts need ____, ____, ____
a low-calorie diet
high fluid
high fiber (constipation is common when not moving)
Osteoporosis means ____ bones
Need ____ and ____ for supplementation
porous = brittle
calcium and Vit D
Osteomalacia means ____ bones due to ____ deficiency
In kids, this is called ____
Need ____ and ____ for supplementation
mushy = soft
Vit D
Rickets
calcium and Vit D
The function of Osteoclasts is to ____ bone
degrade
The function of Osteoblasts is to ____ bone
reform, built
