10 - English Society in the reign of Henry VIII Flashcards
Thomas More - did he directly oppose the break with Rome?
Was mainly opposed to the divorce
Thomas More - did he publicly oppose?
Never publicly rallied but resigned from Lord Chancellor and refused to swear the oath of succession
Thomas More - did he involve foreign powers?
No
Thomas More - did he involve a large number of people?
No
Thomas More - was it geographically widespread and last a long time?
No, localised to London and 1532-35
Thomas More - was it difficult to put down?
Yes - More refused to give an answer to his refusal and ended in execution in 1535
Thomas More - was it an important individual?
Yes - appointed Lord Chancellor in 1529
John Fisher - did he directly oppose the break with Rome?
Yes - believed the Pope’s powers were god given
John Fisher - did he publicly oppose the break with Rome?
Yes - in direct correspondence with Charles V of HRE and encouraged intervention
John Fisher - did he get foreign powers involved?
Yes - was in circle with Charles V
John Fisher - did it involve a large number of people and geographically widespread?
No and no, while respected no one else involved
John Fisher - did it last a long period of time?
No, refused to swear oath in 1534 and executed 1535
John Fisher - was it difficult to put down?
No
John Fisher - was it led by important individuals?
Yes - Charles V
Elizabeth Barton - did she directly oppose the break with Rome?
No, mainly opposed to the divorce
Elizabeth Barton - did she oppose publicly?
Yes, rallied against the king when he visited Cantebury
Elizabeth Barton - were foreign powers involved?
No
Elizabeth Barton - were lots of people involved?
Yes, her followers
Elizabeth Barton - geographically widespread?
Yes - nationally famous
No - local rally
Elizabeth Barton - did it last a long period of time?
Yes - 1525-34
Elizabeth Barton - was it hard to put down?
Yes - rallies, a proposed book and her visions, executed in 1534 after the announcement that Bocking planned to publish her prophecies
Elizabeth Barton - was it led by important individals?
No, she was a 16 year old girl
2nd Oct 1536
Lincolnshire Rising begins in Louth
4th Oct 1536
- Lincolnshire Rising spreads to Hornsdale
- murder of Dr Rayne, Chancellor of Lincoln
7th Oct 1536
Lincoln rebels converge and Lincoln cathedral
8th Oct 1536
Pilgrimage of Grace begins in the East Riding of Yorkshire under Robert Aske
10th Oct 1536
Spreads to the West Riding
18th Oct 1536
Lincolnshire Rising Ends
20th Oct 1536
Pontefract Castle surrendered to rebels
25th Oct 1536
Rebellion spreads to high Pennies and Lake District
26th Oct 1536
Rebels meet Duke of Norfolk near Doncaster
November 1536
East and West riding rebels disperse
2-6th Dec 1536
Robert Aske met with the Duke of Norfolk. They agreed on a truce and the rebels drew up their demands in the Pontefract Articles
3rd Dec 1536
Royal Proclamation offering pardon to he rebels
Christmas 1536
Robert Aske met with Henry VIII at Greenwich Palace to discuss the rebels’ demands
16th January 1536
A renewed but very unsuccessful rebellion started in East Yorkshire, led by Sir Francis Bigod
What were the Pontefract Articles?
The set of demands that showed the desires of the rebels of the Pilgrimage of Grace
Which of the Pontefract Articles focused on religion?
2 - Pope restored as head of Church
4 - abbeys repressed restored
Which of the Pontefract Articles focused on economics?
5 - tenth and first fruits discharged
13 - statute for enclosures put into execution
Which of the Pontefract Articles focused on political?
3 - Lord Cromwell punished
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace began due to Religious reasons?
- in 1536 Cromwell issued the royal injunctions
- in 1536 sacraments reduced from 7 to 3
- 16/55 of the monasteries dissolved under the act of suppression had been restored by pilgrims
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace began due to Economic reasons?
- Yorkshire dales were some of the poorest areas
- from 1520s, agricultural prices had grown
- poor harvests in 1535/6
- 1534 subsidy act, taking during times of peace
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace began due to Political reasons?
- Lord Darcy was a supporter of Catherine of Aragon
- in the Pontefract articles the rebels wanted Lady Mary made legitimate
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace began due to neo-Feudal reasons?
- Statute of Uses, taxed aristocratic inherited lands
- wanted Cromwell punished
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace did not begin due to Religious reasons?
- was 2 years after the break with Rome
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace did not begin due to Economic reasons?
- enclosure was largely a regional practice in the East Midlands
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace did not begin due to Political reasons?
- 1536 was the year Catherine of Aragon died and Anne Boleyn was executed
What evidence is there that the Pilgrimage of Grace did not begin due to neo-feudal reasons?
- all 9 hosts claimed to sought noble leadership as ‘society of orders’
Who was Robert Aske?
- leader of Pilgrimage of Grace
- executed in July 1537
- lawyer
What was the Amicable Grant?
1525, Wolsey ordered it to raise money for war but wasn’t approved by parliament
What is the evidence that the Amicable Grant was a threat?
- 1000 people assembled at the Suffolk/Essex border
- for Berkshire and Wiltshire the AG became optional on 26th April
- AG was abandoned
