05 - Membrane transport and osmosis

Question 1

Membrane permeability

Answer 1

Membrane permeability refers to the ability of substances to pass through the cell membrane

Question 2

Diffusion

Answer 2

Movement of particles of any substance so they can spread out into available space

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

The diffusion of free water across selectively permeable membrane

Question 4

Passive transport

Answer 4

diffusion of substance across membrane with no ATP

Question 5

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 5

Transport across biological membrane from high concentration to low concentration

Question 6

Active transport

Answer 6

Cell expends energy

Question 7

Hypertonic

Answer 7

“more” , a hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of a cell. In simple terms, “hypertonic” means the surrounding solution has more “stuff” dissolved in it than the cell does.

Question 8

Hypotonic

Answer 8

“less”, a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of a cell. In simple terms, “hypotonic” means the surrounding solution has less “stuff” dissolved in it than the cell does.

Question 9

Isotonic

Answer 9

“same”, no net movement of water across plasma membrane

Question 10

Ion channels

Answer 10

Channel proteins that transport ions

Question 11

Gated channels

Answer 11

Ion channels, open or close in response to stimulus and change shape

Question 12

Carrier proteins

Answer 12

transport proteins, hold on to passengers

Question 13

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 13

Major electrogenic pump of animal cells

Question 14

Concentration gradient

Answer 14

region along which the density of a chemical substance increasing or decreasing

Question 15

Electrochemical gradient

Answer 15

Combination of forces acting on an ion

Question 16

Exocytosis

Answer 16

Cell secrets (release) certain molecules by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane

Question 17

Endocytosis

Answer 17

Cell takes in molecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles from plasma membrane

Question 18

Phagocytosis

Answer 18

Engulfing smaller organisms or food particles

Question 19

Pinocytosis

Answer 19

Type of endocytosis which cell ingests extracurricular fluid and its dissolved solutes

Question 20

Receptor- mediated endocytosis

Answer 20

specialized type of pinocytosis that enables cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances, even though substances may not be very concentrated in the extracurricular fluid