ZHENTI02 Flashcards
tight-knit
closely connected:
example: tight-knit farming families
graze
to (cause animals to) eat grass:
example: And they cultivated and grazed
indenture
especially in the past, a formal agreement that someone will work for someone else for a particular length of time, especially in order to learn a job:
example: other than indentured servants (servants contracted to work for a specific number of years)
compound
to make a problem or difficult situation worse, to add to
example: decreasing fertility of the soil compounded the problem of dwindling farm size
dwindling
to become steadily less : SHRINK
example: decreasing fertility of the soil compounded the problem of dwindling farm size
fallow
unplanted
example: then let it lay fallow (unplanted) in pasture
husbandry
the cultivation or production of plants or animals :
example: Many of our old towns are too
full of inhabitants for husbandry,
incessant
continuing or following without interruption
example: cereal crops required incessant labor
intermittent
coming and going at intervals : not continuous
example: northern cultivators fill out their calendars with intermittent work as clockmakers, shoemakers, carpenters, and weavers
keenly
extremely or very strongly:
example: but it rose keenly to 12 million
hamlets
a small village, usually without a church
example: numerous hamlets formed throughout the country
facets
one part of a subject, situation, etc. that has many parts:
example: There were many facets in an increase
impetus
something that encourages a particular activity or makes that activity more energetic or effective:
example: Whatever the impetus, such formation of large villages
surfeit
an amount that is too large, or is more than is needed
example: They then would use the surfeit soil
proliferation
the fact of something increasing a lot and suddenly in number or amount:
example: led to a keen proliferation of crop output
envoy
someone who is sent as a representative from one government or organization to another:
example: . An envoy from Korea
decent
socially acceptable or good, acceptable, satisfactory, or reasonable:
example: one hectare of decent land
cater
to provide, and sometimes serve, food:
example: enough land for food to cater to families for several reasons.
arable
Arable farming land is used for, or is suitable for, growing crops:
example: for enough arable land to meet the food needed for just a single household
antagonize
to anger someone enough to dislike and oppose you:
example: the likelihood of antagonizing neighbors.
mainstay
the most important part of something, providing support for everything else:
example: , agriculture was the economic mainstay of the Ottoman Empire
prevail
to get control or influence:
example: enormous changes over time prevailed in the agrarian sector
agrarian
relating to the land, especially the use of land for farming:
example: enormous changes over time prevailed in the agrarian sector
sector
A sector is also an area of land or sea that has been divided from other areas, one of the areas of activity that a country’s economy is divided into
example: enormous changes over time prevailed in the agrarian sector
vegetation
plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area:
example: a slight shift in vegetation that only a careful observer
burrow
to dig a hole in the ground, especially to live in:
example: beetles had more time to fly from one tree to the next, burrow, and lay their eggs
swath
a strip or belt, or a long area of something:
example: Large swaths of pine and spruce
ripple
to have or produce a ripple effect : SPREAD
example: the effects of the bark beetle epidemic rippled throughout
virtually
almost:
example: spruce ecosystem and affected virtually every population
logger
a person who cuts down trees for wood:
example: threatening the livelihoods of loggers
