TPO63 Flashcards

1
Q

Interdependence

A

the fact of depending on each other:
example: The Sumerians and Regional Interdependence

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2
Q

nascent

A

only recently formed or started, but likely to grow larger quickly
example: This nascent world system developed
as a result of insatiable demands

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3
Q

insatiable

A

(especially of a desire or need) too great to be satisfied
example: This nascent world system developed
as a result of insatiable demands

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4
Q

lavish

A

large in quantity and expensive or impressive
example: who used lavish display and exotic luxuries

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5
Q

exotic

A

unusual and exciting because of coming (or seeming to come) from far away, especially a tropical country
example: who used lavish display and exotic luxuries

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6
Q

timber

A

trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building
example: little timber

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7
Q

semiprecious

A

A semiprecious stone is one that is used for making jewelry but is not extremely valuable
example: semiprecious stones

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8
Q

abundance

A

the situation in which there is more than enough of something
example: trading with areas where such items were in abundance

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9
Q

surplus

A

more than is needed
example: large grain surpluses

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10
Q

textiles

A

a cloth made by hand or machine
example: flourishing industry in textiles and other luxuries

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11
Q

placid

A

having a calm appearance or characteristics
example: the placid Euphrates

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12
Q

port

A

a town by the sea or by a river that has a harbor, or the harbor itself
example: rivers with distant cities and ports

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13
Q

caravan

A

a group of people with vehicles or animals who travel together for safety through a dangerous area, esp. across a desert on camels

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14
Q

durable

A

able to last and be used for a long time without becoming damaged
example: more durable artifacts that could be used for more arduous

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15
Q

arduous

A

difficult, needing a lot of effort and energy
example: arduous
day-to-day tasks

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16
Q

intricate

A

having a lot of small parts that are arranged in a complicated or delicate way
example: An intricate and ever-changing system of political alliances

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17
Q

barter

A

to exchange goods for other things rather than for money
example: s to bring order to what had
begun as in formal bartering

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18
Q

lapis lazuli

A

a semiprecious stone that is usually rich azure blue and is essentially a complex silicate often with spangles of pyrites
example: began to handle such commodities as copper and
lapis lazuli

19
Q

wholesale

A

the activity of selling goods, usually in large amounts, to businesses which then sell them to the public
example: . There was wholesaling and contracting, loans were floated

20
Q

onerous

A

difficult to do or needing a lot of effort
example: The onerous tasks of
defense and military organization

21
Q

despotic

A

having unlimited power over other people, and often using it unfairly and cruelly:
example: despotic kings supposedly appointed by the gods

22
Q

obscurity

A

the state of not being known to many people
example: their fortunes would change and they would
sink into obscurity

23
Q

merely

A

only; and nothing more
example: entertain bolder visions than merely the control of a few city-states in the lowlands

24
Q

lucrative

A

producing much money or making a large profit
example: the control of lucrative sources
of raw materials and trade routes

25
boast
to speak too proudly or happily about what you have done or what you own example: a monarch named Lugalzagesi boasted of overseeing the entire area from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean.
26
constituent
one of the parts that a substance or combination is made of example: e Sun breaks down the vapor molecules into their constituents
27
coma
the head of a comet consisting of a cloud of gas and dust and usually containing a nucleus example: contributing to the luminosity of the coma
28
imparts
to give something a particular feeling, quality, or taste example: it imparts a tiny, but perceptible, momentum change to the dust particle
29
strewn
to spread things in a messy way over a surface, or to be spread in a messy way over a surface example: may get strewn across Earth’s orbit around the Sun.
30
depleted
reduced example: it will be depleted to the point where it is no longer visible
31
dissipate
to (cause to) gradually disappear or waste example: the old ones that dissipate and vanish from view
32
perturb
to cause to experience a perturbation perturbation: a small change in the regular movement of an object example: passing star can be sufficient to perturb the orbit of one of these chunks
33
realm
a country ruled by a king or queen example: e borders of their realm through near-continuous warfare
34
warfare
the activity of fighting a war, often including the weapons and methods that are used example: borders of their realm through near-continuous warfare
35
ring(verb)
as a verb: to surround something example: The vast territory ringed the Mediterranean Sea-mare nostrum, or “our sea
36
mandate
to give official permission for something to happen example: building programs of unprecedented scale and complexity, mandating the construction of central administrative and legal centers
37
commerce
the activities involved in buying and selling things example: efficiently, speed communications between Rome and the farthest reaches of the empire, and promote commerce
38
aqueduct
a structure like a bridge for carrying water across land in pipes or an open channel example: , the Roman aqueduct conveys the balance, proportion, and rhythmic harmony of a great work of art and fits naturally into the landscape
39
dweller
a person who lives in a city, town, cave, etc. example: wealthy city dwellers maintained rural estates
40
laborer
a person who does unskilled physical work, especially outside example: , professional artists were generally considered little more than skilled laborers
41
assimilate
to understand and remember new information and make it part of your basic knowledge so that you can use it as your own example: , they also adopted many Greek gods and myths and assimilated Greek religious beliefs and practices into a form of state religion
42
deify
to consider someone or something to be so important that they are almost like a god example: they added their own deified emperors, in part to maintain the allegiance of the culturally diverse populations of the empire
43
allegiance
loyalty and support for a ruler, country, group, or belief example: in part to maintain the allegiance of the culturally diverse populations of the empire.