TPO69

Question 1

millennia

Answer 1

plural of millennium
example: intrigued people for millennia

Question 2

malevolence

Answer 2

the quality of causing or wanting to cause harm or evil
example: the forked tongue symbolizes malevolence…

Question 3

tactile

Answer 3

related to the sense of touch
example: the snake’s tongue is a tactile organ…

Question 4

deceit

Answer 4

(an act of) keeping the truth hidden, especially to get an advantage:
example: the forked tongue symbolizes malevolence and deceit.

Question 5

vomeronasal

Answer 5

either of a pair of small blind pouches or tubes in many vertebrates that are situated one on either side of the nasal septum or in the buccal cavity and that are reduced to rudimentary pits in adult humans but are developed in reptiles, amphibians, and some mammals as chemoreceptors
example: the vomeronasal organs …

Question 6

secrete

Answer 6

(of animals or plants or their cells) to produce and release a liquid
example: the chemicals that the animals secrete…

Question 7

simultaneously

Answer 7

in a way that is simultaneous (= happening or being done at exactly the same time)
example: allows the snake to sense chemical stimuli at two points
simultaneously…

Question 8

stereovision

Answer 8

type of vision
example: two eyes permits stereovision…

Question 9

forage

Answer 9

to go from place to place searching for things that you can eat or use
example: Lizards
that forage widely…

Question 10

computation

Answer 10

calculating
example: birds that permits the computation of differences between what one ear hears and what the other ear hears and thus mediates auditory localization.

Question 11

barren

Answer 11

unable to produce plants or fruit
example: … all Pacific islands
were born barren of life, with hard, dense,…

Question 12

stowaway

Answer 12

a person who hides on a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle
example: without being notably good floaters or stowaways

Question 13

colonize

Answer 13

(of animals, plants, or bacteria) to start to live or grow in a particular area
example: so some species
colonized these islands…

Question 14

impoverish

Answer 14

to make something weaker or worse in quality
example: the further from Indonesia, the more impoverished the plant and animal life…

Question 15

attenuation

Answer 15

the process of making something less or weaker
example: This attenuation is strong for land species…

Question 16

crucible

Answer 16

a place or situation in which concentrated forces interact to cause or influence change or development
example: continental crucibles of biological evolution…

Question 17

niche

Answer 17

a habitat supplying the factors necessary for the existence of an organism or species
example: the development of new species occupying ecological niches…

Question 18

finche

Answer 18

any of various types of small singing bird with a short, wide, pointed beak
example: the finches s described by the naturalist Charles Darwin on the Galapagos Islands …

Question 19

paucity

Answer 19

the fact that there is too little of something
example: the paucity of
grazing animals meant that plants developed no defenses,…

Question 20

endemism

Answer 20

that is, of species that existed only there
example: The remote islands had a very high proportion of endemism

Question 21

chiefly

Answer 21

most importantly
example: defined chiefly by the degree of isolation…

Question 22

decisive

Answer 22

strongly affecting how a situation will progress or end
example: A second source of vulnerability, perhaps more decisive, arose from the arrival of humankind in the Pacific…

Question 23

arid

Answer 23

very dry and without enough rain for plants
example: and thrive in its arid
conditions…

Question 24

irrigation

Answer 24

the practice of supplying land with water so that crops and plants will grow
example: irrigation-based agriculture…

Question 25

acre

Answer 25

a unit for measuring area, equal to 4,047 square meters or 4,840 square yards
example: that could fertilize as many as 8,000 acres

Question 26

salinization

Answer 26

salinize: to treat or impregnate with salt
example: East were abandoned owing to the salinization of the land…

Question 27

communal

Answer 27

belonging to or used by a group of people rather than one single person
example: communal houses in villages

Question 28

pueblo

Answer 28

a group of flat-roofed, connected buildings made of pressed, dried earth or stone, built by American Indians in the southwestern U.S
example: or pueblos, along the edges of a river at the bottom…

Question 29

sophistication

Answer 29

the quality of being complicated or made with great skill

example: illustrates the sophistication with which these people transformed their environment

Question 30

chamber

Answer 30

a room or space used for a particular purpose
example: ceremonial chambers called kivas…

Question 31

advent

Answer 31

the fact of an event happening
example: to predict the
advent of growing and harvesting seasons …

Question 32

solstices

Answer 32

either of the two occasions in the year when the sun is directly above either the farthest point north or the farthest point south of the equator that it ever reaches. These are the times in the year, in the middle of the summer or winter, when there are the longest hours of day or night
example: based on the arrival of solstices (longest and shortest days) around June 21 and December 21…

Question 33

equinoxes

Answer 33

either of the two occasions in the year when the center of the sun is directly above the Equator, and day and night are approximately equal in length
example: and equinoxes (days with equal periods of light and darkness) around March 21 and September 21.

Question 34

petroglyph

Answer 34

an image carved onto a rock
example: sunlight entered between two stones and fell on a petroglyph…

Question 35

hazard

Answer 35

a source of danger
example: a measure of control over the hazards of an environment…

Question 36

disruption

Answer 36

the action of preventing something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected
example:. Deforestation, social disruption, and the onset of an 11-year drought around A.D. 1280…