Yr9 Chemistry - Matter Flashcards
How do you calculate density and what unit?
Density = mass/volume Unit = gram/millilitres(g/mL)
Define state of matter.
Solid, liquid, and gas.
Define volume.
The space a substance occupies, measured in cm^3 or Litres
What is property?
How a substances behaves, eg its flow
What is compression?
Particles being squashed into a smaller amount of space.
What is expansion?
Particles moving apart due to an increase in heat and kinetic energy taking up a larger volume.
What is contraction?
Particles moving closer due to a decrease in heat and kinetic energy taking up a smaller volume.
Define density?
The number of particles in a certain area determines the density. For example, more particles in a certain area would result in a higher density.
What is melting?
Solid to liquid.
What is evaporation?
Liquid to gas.
What is condensation?
Gas to liquid.
What is solidify/freezing?
Liquid to solid.
What is sublimation?
Solid to gas.
What is reverse sublimation?
Gas to solid.
What is an example of solid, liquid, and gas?
Ice, water, and steam.
What are the properties of a solid?
Any substance with a definite volume and size, and cannot be poured or compressed.
What are the properties of a liquid?
Any substance that can take the shape of its container into which it’s poured and we can measure its volume.
What are the properties of a gas?
Don’t have a definite shape or volume but can be poured into a container.
How does matter expand?
Matter expands when particles get heated up and take up a larger volume. When expansion happens, objects become less dense.
How does matter contract?
Matter contracts when particles loose heat and take up a smaller volume. When contraction happens, objects become denser.
Explain particle theory.
All matter is made up of particles, there are spaces between these particles, the particles are always moving, at higher temperatures particles move faster than they do at lower temperatures, and particles don’t change size when they gain or lose energy.
What is diffusion?
Particles moving from areas of high areas of concentration to lower concentration.
Explain changes in states at different temperatures.
If the temperature is below the melting point the state will be SOLID. If the temperature is above the melting point the state will be LIQUID. If the temperature is above the boiling point the state will be GAS.
Define physical and chemical change.
Physical change is usually reversible and effects size and shape. Chemically change is creating a new chemical substance.
