Yr 10 - Chemistry Flashcards
Define chemical change
Cannot be easily reversed, chemical bonds are formed. EG rusting
Define physical change
Can easily be reversed, no chemical bonds formed. EG ice melts
Define atom
The smallest part of the element
Define periodic table
Table in which all know elements are arranged
Define malleable
Property of metal - can be shaped
Define density
the mass of a substance defined by its volume to determine how close the particles inside are measured in g/cm³
Define conductor
Property of metal can let heat and electricity through it
Define reactant
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction
Define product
The substance that forms during a chemical reaction (appears on the right of the word or symbol equation)
Define valence shell
The outermost orbital of an atom
What are the properties of metal and explain them
(1) lustrous - shiny (2) electric/thermal conductor - alows tranfer without significant loss (3) high density - heavy for their size (4) high tensile strength - resistant to stretching (5) high melting and boiling points - NNNAAA (6) - ductile - made into wires (7) sonorous - ring noise when struct (8) malleable - shapeable
Example of metal, property and use
Copper is a good electrical conductor and is used in electrical circuits. Gold is malleable and can be molded into fine jewellery.
Explain how elements are organised in the periodic table
Groups go up and down and have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. Periods go left to right and has the same number of electron shells. Elements in the same group or period react similar.
What is an isotope?
An atom with a different number of neutrons from it’s element.
What axis is the independent var?
x
What axis is the dependent var?
y
What line sperates the metals and non-metals
B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At are the metalloids
What is the atomic mass?
Protons + neutrons
What is the atomic number?
Protons (=) electrons
Why are atoms neutral overall?
Because protons equal the electrons in the atom unless an ion is formed
Define ion
An atom or molecule with an electric charge because of the loss or gain of electrons.
What are the names of the groups in the periodic table?
1 = alkali metals 2 = alkali-earth metals 2.5 = transition metals 8/0 = noble gases 7 = halogens
Which group are stable atoms?
Noble gasses (8/0)
What is carbonate?
Carbon and oxygen
