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PE > Yr12 Physiology > Flashcards

Yr12 Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Myoglobin

A

Receives oxygen from the red blood cells

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2
Q

Minute ventilation

A

Volume of gas inhaled or exhaled from a persons lungs per minute

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3
Q

Cardiac conduction system (in order)

A

SA node- pacemaker which emits a signal to contract the atria

Atrial systole

Av node- receive signal from sa node and delays response

Bundle of his- seperate signal into left and right

Purkinje fibres- spread signal and cause ventricles to contract (systole) and blood to be pumped out of the Aorta

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4
Q

Adduction

A

Bringing arms back to side e.g cable flys

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5
Q

Abduction

A

Arms away from side e.g lat raise

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6
Q

Aerobic system stages

A

Glycolysis
Kerbs cycle
ETC

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7
Q

Glycolysis

A

Glucose is converted into energy in presence of oxygen

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8
Q

OBLA

A

Marks the point in exercise where concentration of lactate in the blood begins to increase and fatigue occurs

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9
Q

Lactate threshold

A

The accumulation of lactate exceeds the rate in which it can be broken down

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10
Q

Cardiovascular drift

A

Blood increases in viscosity due to increased water being lost through sweating, this decreases venous return decreasing stroke volume and heart rate increasing as a result to compensate

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11
Q

Longitudinal axis

A

Pirouette
Rotation

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12
Q

Transverse axis

A

Shoulder to opposite foot
Cartwheel

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13
Q

Transverse axis

A

One side of body to the other
Somersault

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14
Q

Sagital plane

A

Splits left and right
Flexion extension

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15
Q

Transverse plane

A

Splits top and bottom
Abduction and adduction

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16
Q

Frontal plane

A

Front and back
Abduction and adduction

17
Q

Lactate sampling

A

Measuring level of lactate in the blood

Extraction of blood using a needle

18
Q

EPOC

A

volume of oxygen consumed post exercise to return body to pre exercise state

19
Q

Tidal volume

A

Amount of air that is breathed in and out in one breath at rest

20
Q

Starlings law

A

Law states the more blood coming back to the heart the stronger the ventricular contraction is leading to higher stroke volume

21
Q

Diastole and systole

A

Diastole - heart relaxing
Systole - heart contracting

22
Q

Wave summation

A

Muscle fibres being stimulated before the first stimulus has been completed which results in a stronger muscle contraction

E.g used by gymnasts when building up a big jump

23
Q

Effects of smoking

A

Carbon monoxide binds to alveoli rather than 02
Nicotine constricts bronchioles

24
Q

Golgi tendon organs

A

Senses change in muscle tension and is responsible for preventing further muscle activation to prevent excessive contraction and damage

25
Q

Muscle spindles

A

Detect changes in muscle length and stretch and convey this to CNS crucial in initiating muscle contraction and preventing overstretching

26
Q

SAQ training

A

Focuses on improving a performers ability to move quickly and efficiently

E.g shuttle runs

27
Q

V02 max

A

Max amount of consumption of oxygen by the body in 1minute

Factors affecting this

Age
Gender
Fitness level

28
Q

Acute injuries

A

Suddenly happen include

Fractures
Dislocations
Strains
Sprains

29
Q

Chronic injury

A

Developed from long term repetitive motion/ west and Tear over time

Achilles tendinitis, stress fracture, tennis elbow

Stress fracture- tiny cracks in bone

30
Q

Injury prevention: screening

A

Approach used to identify and address potential risk factors in sport

Can give them personalised training programs adjusted to their potential for injury

31
Q

Injury prevention: protective equipment

A

Protective equipment used to prevent injury in sports where necessary

Cricket pads in cricket

32
Q

Injury prevention methods

A

Screening
Protective equipment
Warm up

33
Q

Injury rehabilitation methods

A

Proprioceptive training
Strength training
Hyperbaric chambers
Cryotherapy
Hydrotherapy

34
Q

Hydrotherapy

A

Exercising whilst submerged in water aimed to reduce load on muscle and ease back into exercise to treat:

Sprains
Strains

35
Q

Hyperbaric chambers

A

Increasing the amount of oxygen that is being deleivered to tissues and cells

Reduced inflammation and swelling of sprains

36
Q

Revovery from exercise methods

A

Foam rollers
Compression garments
Ice bath
Cryotherapy

PE (28 decks)

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