Planes And Axis

Question 1

Planes

Answer 1

Sagittal - left and right - flexion and extension

Frontal plane - front and back - abduction and adduction

Transverse - top and bottom - rotation

Question 2

Axis

Answer 2

Longitudinal - top to bottom - twists

Transverse - through the hip- somersault

Frontal- cartwheel

Question 3

Wrist

Answer 3

Hinge joint

Extension- palm moves upwards - wrist extensors

Flexion- move wrist downwards- wrist flexors

Question 4

Hip

Answer 4

Femur and pelvis

Ball and socket

Adduction - adduction longus

Abduction - gluteas minimus , gluteas medias

Question 5

Knee and ankle

Answer 5

Both hinge joints

Knee - flexion- hamstrings extension- quadricep - agonists

Ankle

Bones - talus and calcenous

Plantar flex - towards the floor - agonist- gastrocnemius

Dorsi flex - upwards - tibalias anterior

Question 6

Types of contraction

Answer 6

Isometric - remain stationary under tension

Isotonic concentric - shortens under tension

Isotonic eccentric - muscle lengthens under tension

Question 7

ATP/PC

Answer 7

1) ATP is broken down by atpase into ADP + P + energy (initial reaction)

When ATP levels fall this activates CK

2) PC stored broken down by CK into C+P+energy

3) the P is taken and the energy to form ADP+P+energy = ATP