YOUTH INVOLVEMENT Flashcards
What percentage of children aged 5-14 regularly take part in organized sport?
- 51%
- or two million children
What are the three main objectives of youth sports?
- participation provides opportunities to be physically active to enhance health
- important for personal development, providing opportunities to learn life skills (co-operation, discipline, self-control etc.)
- critical for performance of motor skills.
In short, what are the three P’s of youth sports?
- participation
- personal development
- performance
What should be the main focuses in youth sport?
- fun, skill development, and maximum participation
- 3 p’s
What are developmental assists?
- “building blocks” for human development
What are external assets?
- comprise support, empowerment, boundaries and expectation
- constructive time use, empowerment, social relationships
What are internal assets?
- commitment to learning, positive values, social competencies, and positive identity
What are the two categories of constructive activity and initiative?
- relaxed leisure activities
- constructive leisure activities
What is initiative?
- core quality of positive physical, psychological, and social development in children
How can we foster initiative through constructive activities?
- intrinsically motivated
- concerted attention towards goals
- occurs over extended period of time
What are the five C’s of positive youth development?
- competence
- character
- connection
- confidence
- caring/compassion
What should youth athletic programs support?
- 3’ps
- consider implications of deliberate play, deliberate practice and early specialization
What is deliberate play?
- designed to maximize enjoyment
What is deliberate practice?
- motivated by improving performance rather than enjoyment
What is early specialization?
- high amounts of deliberate practice and low amounts of deliberate play
What are some things to consider when implementing early specialization & deliberate practice?
- may lead to dropout, injury, and developing transferable skills
- early specialization often has harmful emotional and psychological development
- may lead to decreased enjoyment, disappointment, discouragement & burnout
How do coaches influence youth?
- influence competence beliefs, shape youth’s performance, participation and personal development
- influence athletes’ enjoyment, and intrinsic motivation
What is coaching effectiveness?
- the consistent application of integrated professional, interpersonal, and intrapersonal knowledge to improve athletes’ competence, confidence, connection and character in specific coaching contexts
What are three aspects effective coaches require?
- professional knowledge (sport specific skills)
- interpersonal knowledge (create and maintain relationships)
- intrapersonal knowledge (learn from one’s own practice)
How do peers have a positive influence on youth in sport?
- enhance performance, participation & personal development
- increases sense of belonging, self-esteem, competence and intrinsic motivation
- facilitates development of personal & social skills
How do peers have a potential negative influence on youth in sport?
- may detrimentally affect relationship dynamics.
- interactions may emphasize athlete’s poor performance, engage in awkward competition, showing off, and demonstrating rivalry
How can siblings influence youth in sport?
- emotional support and informational support
- comparison, jealousy, disappointment, annoyance, anxiety
What is true competition?
- understand competition serves interest of all participants to focus and concentrate towards goal
What is decomposition?
- occurs when athletes seek to demonstrate superiority over opponents and only serves interests of winners
What are the three different types of parents?
- under-involved: lack of emotional, financial, or functional investment
- moderately involved: allows athlete decision-making involvement
- over-involved: excessive amount of involvement
What is emotional support?
- comforting gestures during stress and anxiety
What is informational support?
- provision of advice or guidance in problematic situations
What is tangible support?
- assistance or resources to help children cope
How do parental expectations effect youth?
- powerful effect on children’s emotion & motivation
- either a positive (success and enjoyment) or negative (stress and pressure) effect
- inflated expectations a source of stress & anxiety
What are some features of positive development settings?
- physical and psychological safety
- appropriate structure
- supportive relationships
- opportunities to belong
- positive social norms
- support for efficacy and mattering
- skill building opportunities
- integration of family, school, and community efforts
What are the three sport participation trajectories?
- recreational participation through sampling
- elite performance through sampling
- elite performance through early specialization
What are the five “best practices”?
- adopt inclusive focus instead of exclusive selection policy based on performance
- promote a true competition climate
- allow children to take initiative in fundamental motor skill development
- provide opportunities for fun and low-organization games
- promote psychosocial development
