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KIN 115 - SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY > YOUTH INVOLVEMENT > Flashcards

YOUTH INVOLVEMENT Flashcards

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1
Q

What percentage of children aged 5-14 regularly take part in organized sport?

A
  • 51%

- or two million children

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2
Q

What are the three main objectives of youth sports?

A
  • participation provides opportunities to be physically active to enhance health
  • important for personal development, providing opportunities to learn life skills (co-operation, discipline, self-control etc.)
  • critical for performance of motor skills.
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3
Q

In short, what are the three P’s of youth sports?

A
  • participation
  • personal development
  • performance
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4
Q

What should be the main focuses in youth sport?

A
  • fun, skill development, and maximum participation

- 3 p’s

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5
Q

What are developmental assists?

A
  • “building blocks” for human development
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6
Q

What are external assets?

A
  • comprise support, empowerment, boundaries and expectation

- constructive time use, empowerment, social relationships

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7
Q

What are internal assets?

A
  • commitment to learning, positive values, social competencies, and positive identity
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8
Q

What are the two categories of constructive activity and initiative?

A
  • relaxed leisure activities

- constructive leisure activities

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9
Q

What is initiative?

A
  • core quality of positive physical, psychological, and social development in children
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10
Q

How can we foster initiative through constructive activities?

A
  • intrinsically motivated
  • concerted attention towards goals
  • occurs over extended period of time
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11
Q

What are the five C’s of positive youth development?

A
  1. competence
  2. character
  3. connection
  4. confidence
  5. caring/compassion
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12
Q

What should youth athletic programs support?

A
  • 3’ps

- consider implications of deliberate play, deliberate practice and early specialization

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13
Q

What is deliberate play?

A
  • designed to maximize enjoyment
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14
Q

What is deliberate practice?

A
  • motivated by improving performance rather than enjoyment
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15
Q

What is early specialization?

A
  • high amounts of deliberate practice and low amounts of deliberate play
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16
Q

What are some things to consider when implementing early specialization & deliberate practice?

A
  • may lead to dropout, injury, and developing transferable skills
  • early specialization often has harmful emotional and psychological development
  • may lead to decreased enjoyment, disappointment, discouragement & burnout
17
Q

How do coaches influence youth?

A
  • influence competence beliefs, shape youth’s performance, participation and personal development
  • influence athletes’ enjoyment, and intrinsic motivation
18
Q

What is coaching effectiveness?

A
  • the consistent application of integrated professional, interpersonal, and intrapersonal knowledge to improve athletes’ competence, confidence, connection and character in specific coaching contexts
19
Q

What are three aspects effective coaches require?

A
  • professional knowledge (sport specific skills)
  • interpersonal knowledge (create and maintain relationships)
  • intrapersonal knowledge (learn from one’s own practice)
20
Q

How do peers have a positive influence on youth in sport?

A
  • enhance performance, participation & personal development
  • increases sense of belonging, self-esteem, competence and intrinsic motivation
  • facilitates development of personal & social skills
21
Q

How do peers have a potential negative influence on youth in sport?

A
  • may detrimentally affect relationship dynamics.
  • interactions may emphasize athlete’s poor performance, engage in awkward competition, showing off, and demonstrating rivalry
22
Q

How can siblings influence youth in sport?

A
  • emotional support and informational support

- comparison, jealousy, disappointment, annoyance, anxiety

23
Q

What is true competition?

A
  • understand competition serves interest of all participants to focus and concentrate towards goal
24
Q

What is decomposition?

A
  • occurs when athletes seek to demonstrate superiority over opponents and only serves interests of winners
25
Q

What are the three different types of parents?

A
  • under-involved: lack of emotional, financial, or functional investment
  • moderately involved: allows athlete decision-making involvement
  • over-involved: excessive amount of involvement
26
Q

What is emotional support?

A
  • comforting gestures during stress and anxiety
27
Q

What is informational support?

A
  • provision of advice or guidance in problematic situations
28
Q

What is tangible support?

A
  • assistance or resources to help children cope
29
Q

How do parental expectations effect youth?

A
  • powerful effect on children’s emotion & motivation
  • either a positive (success and enjoyment) or negative (stress and pressure) effect
  • inflated expectations a source of stress & anxiety
30
Q

What are some features of positive development settings?

A
  • physical and psychological safety
  • appropriate structure
  • supportive relationships
  • opportunities to belong
  • positive social norms
  • support for efficacy and mattering
  • skill building opportunities
  • integration of family, school, and community efforts
31
Q

What are the three sport participation trajectories?

A
  • recreational participation through sampling
  • elite performance through sampling
  • elite performance through early specialization
32
Q

What are the five “best practices”?

A
  1. adopt inclusive focus instead of exclusive selection policy based on performance
  2. promote a true competition climate
  3. allow children to take initiative in fundamental motor skill development
  4. provide opportunities for fun and low-organization games
  5. promote psychosocial development

KIN 115 - SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY (24 decks)

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