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KIN 115 - SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY > PERSONALITY > Flashcards

PERSONALITY Flashcards

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1
Q

What is personality?

A
  • a complex, integral part of human individuality

- the sum total of an individuals chracteristics

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2
Q

What is a disposition?

A
  • broad, pervasive, encompassing ways of relating to particular types of people or situations
  • relatively stable
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3
Q

What is a trait?

A
  • stable characteristic or quality that are a portion of one’s personality
  • a quality used to explain an individual’s behaviour across time and situations
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4
Q

What is a psychological state?

A
  • momentary feelings and thoughts that change depending on the situation and time
  • temporary/changing
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5
Q

What is a psychological core?

A
  • most basic level

- includes your attitude, values, interests, motives, and beliefs about yourself and self worth

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6
Q

What is a typical response?

A
  • ways we learn to adjust to the environment or how we respond to the world around us
  • these are good indicators of your core.
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7
Q

What is role related behaviour?

A
  • how you act based on what you perceive your social situation to be.
  • most changeable in your personality because your behaviour changes as your perceptions of the environment changes.
  • different situations require different roles.
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8
Q

What is openness to experiences?

A
  • trait including level of curiosity

- the opposite of being close minded

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9
Q

What is conscientiousness?

A
  • trait comprising striving for achievement and self-discipline
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10
Q

What is extraversion?

A
  • trait involving level of assertiveness and energetic approach to the world
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11
Q

What is agreeableness?

A
  • trait involving general compliance and positive approach towards others
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12
Q

What is neuroticism?

A
  • emotional stability

- degree to which a person experiences the world as distressing, threatening, or unsafe

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13
Q

What is humanistic psychology?

A
  • focuses on personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving, and individual dignity
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14
Q

What is self actualization?

A
  • an individuals attempt to be the best he or she can be or a desire to fulfill one’s potential
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15
Q

What is mallows hierarchy of needs?

A 
TOP: - self-actualization
- esteem needs
- social needs
- safety needs
BOTTOM: - physiological needs 
- invision in pyramid structure
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16
Q

What is the cognitive behavioural approach?

A
  • behaviour is learned through experience.
  • influenced by rewards and punishment.
  • factors influencing peoples behaviours
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17
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A
  • the belief in one’s capabilities to achieve a goal or outcome
  • influences an individuals behaviour
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18
Q

What is the social learning theory?

A
  • observational learning (observing, retaining, and replicating others behaviours)
  • how situations and individuals reciprocally influence each other
  • believes people actively shape their behaviour
19
Q

What is the interactionist approach?

A
  • personal/situational factors impact behaviour predictively
  • situational interplay between person and environment determines athlete’s behaviours
  • individuals bring specific experiences and dispositions to a physical activity situation.
20
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A
  • the belief in one’s capabilities to achieve a goal or outcome
  • influences an individuals behaviour
21
Q

What is the interactionist approach?

A
  • personal/situational factors impact behaviour predictively
  • situational interplay between person and environment determines athlete’s behaviours
  • individuals bring specific experiences and dispositions to a physical activity situation
22
Q

What are some ethical considerations and principles regarding personality measurement?

A
  • shapes professional judgment and behaviour (confidentiality, integrity, and protection)
  • inform athletes of psychological testing, use of results and who has access
  • administered by qualified individuals
23
Q

What is risk taking?

A
  • involves narrowing physical and psychological safety margins
24
Q

What is sensation (stimulus) seeking?

A
  • seeks varied, novel, complex and intense sensations and experiences, and willing to take physical, social, legal and financial risks to obtain experiences
  • declines with age.
  • males more drawn to high-risk sports than females
25
Q

What is competitiveness?

A
  • desire to engage in and strive for success
26
Q

What does the sport orientation questionnaire measure?

A
  • competitiveness
  • win orientation
  • goal orientation
27
Q

What is perfectionism?

A
  • multidimensional personality disposition or trait that influences thought, emotion, and behaviour
28
Q

What is personality characterized by?

A
  • high performance standards

- overly critical self-evaluation

29
Q

What are the dimensions of perfectionism?

A
  • personal standards perfectionism

-

30
Q

What are the dimensions of perfectionism?

A
  • personal standards perfectionism

- evaluation concerns perfectionism

31
Q

What is evaluation concerns perfectionism?

A
  • negative social evaluation
  • excessive self criticism
  • associated with poor outcomes and maladjustment
32
Q

Describe pure personal standards performance.

A
  • low ECP and high PSP

- think very highly of self

33
Q

Describe mixed perfectionism.

A
  • high ECP and high PSP

- criticism to achieve

34
Q

Describe pure evaluative concerns perfectionism.

A
  • high ECP

- think poorly of self

35
Q

Describe non-perfectionism.

A
  • low ECP and low PSP
  • associated with poor outcomes and maladjustment.
  • don’t care, no standards for self
36
Q

What is harmonious passion?

A
  • individual engages as part of identity & personal enjoyment.
  • related to high performance
37
Q

What is obsessive passion?

A
  • rigid & uncontrolled urges to engage & avoid guilt

- related to high performance

38
Q

What is mental toughness?

A
  • personal characteristics that allow individuals to cope with stress and anxiety while remaining focused on competition demands
  • requires continued practice of psychological skills
39
Q

What is the 4C model?

A
  • challenge* to overcome situations
  • control* over experiences
  • confidence* to overcome experiences
  • commitment* to achieving goals
40
Q

What are the three categories of mental toughness?

A
  • strong confidence and motivation
  • managing competition and training stress
  • maintaining and regaining focus when distracted
41
Q

Is there a correlation between personality traits and physical?

A
  • personality has minor exercise association
42
Q

How does conscientiousness affect exercise?

A
  • conscientiousness may affect successful translation of good exercise intentions into behaviour
  • more-conscientious individuals show greater intent to exercise
  • high conscientious individuals are organized and self-disciplined.
43
Q

What is type A behaviour?

A
  • high extraversion
  • high neuroticism
  • high conscientiousness
  • low agreeableness
  • positive association between type a behaviour and exercise
44
Q

Why is research being done on target exercise programs based on personality?

A
  • may identify at-risk personalities - people who may struggle adhering to new exercise programs
  • relationship between preferences for exercise & personality is interesting, but limited research

KIN 115 - SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY (24 decks)

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