COACHING PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

What is coaching science?

Answer 1

• comprises research on the coaching, learning and instructional processes as directed by coaches

Question 2

In Canada, what coaching education services do we have?

Answer 2

• coaching education and development governed by Coaching Association of Canada (1970)
• mission is to provide the foundation of skills, knowledge and attitudes
• National Coaching Institutes (NCI) in seven provinces

Question 3

What is a community sport stream?

Answer 3

• broad-based participation at introductory sport levels

- sport for fun, develop skills, & foster social interaction and life-long participation

Question 4

What is the competition stream of sports?

Answer 4

• focus on skill development for competition

- coaches are instructed in physical, technical, tactical and mental areas

Question 5

What is the instruction stream in sport?

Answer 5

• skill proficiency in non-competitive situations

Question 6

How can someone acquire coaching knowledge?

Answer 6

• volunteering, being an assistant coach, studying KIN and PE at university, attending coaching clinics, reading coaching books, etc
• mentoring

Question 7

What are some characteristics of youth coaches?

Answer 7

• most are male in mid 30s
• as few as 10% continue coaching for ten years or more
• most were above average athletes
• just over half have university education

Question 8

What is the CBAS?

Answer 8

• development of mediational model of leadership and coaching behaviour assessment system

Question 9

What is CET?

Answer 9

• Coaching Effectiveness Training

Question 10

Children playing for trained coaches experienced…..

Answer 10

• significant increases in self-esteem
• decreases in anxiety levels
• more enjoyable sporting experiences
• more likelihood of returning to team following season
• evaluated coaches & teammates more favourably

Question 11

What re the five principles of CET workshops?

Answer 11

1. create a climate that is enjoyable and focused on mastering skills
2. utilize positive reinforcement, encouragement, and appropriate instruction
3. establish norms emphasizing athletes’ obligations to help and support one another
4. include athletes in decision-making roles regarding team rules and compliance
5. engage in self-monitoring and assessment in order to focus on positive coaching behaviour

Question 12

What is the Multidimensional Model of Leadership (MML)?

Answer 12

• linear model comprising antecedents, leader behaviours, and consequences
• conceptualizes leadership as an interactional process allowing researchers to evaluate leadership effectiveness through team member satisfaction and athlete performance

Question 13

What is required leader behaviours?

Answer 13

• expected coach behaviours

Question 14

What areas are improved when a coach utilizes transformational leadership?

Answer 14

• intrinsic motivation
• commitment
• satisfaction

Question 15

What is coaching efficacy?

Answer 15

• extent coaches believe they affect athletes’ learning and performance

Question 16

What are the four key dimensions of coaching efficacy?

Answer 16

• game strategy
• technique
• motivation
• character building

Question 17

What is the 3 + 1 Cs model?

Answer 17

• studies relationship between coach and athlete’s emotions, behaviours, and cognitions
• leads to athlete maximizing potential

Question 18

What does the 3 + 1 Cs model consist of?

Answer 18

• Closeness, Commitment,
  and Complementarity
• Co-orientation of 3 Cs is necessary

Question 19

What is closeness?

Answer 19

• emotional element that involves feelings of trust, respect and like for each other

Question 20

What is commitment?

Answer 20

• cognitive element & involves thoughts of attachment to one another and intentions of maintaining relationship

Question 21

What is complementarity?

Answer 21

• behavioural element involves cooperative interactions during training or competition

Question 22

What is co-orientation?

Answer 22

• involves the degree of symbiosis as far as sharing similar interests, goals & knowledge in other 3 constructs

Question 23

Why is athlete-centred coaching important?

Answer 23

• leads to increased sport engagement, communication, competence & motivation
• pomotes autonomy by empowering athletes to make choices & share responsibility

Question 24

What are the three peripheral components that influence the coaching model?

Answer 24

1. coach’s personal characteristics (philosophy, perceptions, beliefs, or personal characteristics)
2. athlete’s personal characteristics (stage of learning, personal abilities and characteristics)
3. contextual factors (unstable factors that need consideration in the organization, training, and competition components)

Question 25

Coaches integrate the peripheral components into what three operational strategies?

Answer 25

• organization
• training
• competition

Question 26

What are key components of organization in regards to the coaching model?

Answer 26

• establishing optimal conditions for training and competition by structuring and coordinating tasks
• create a coaching vision or goals
• create a mission statement

Question 27

What is a mission statement?

Answer 27

• transform vision into written statement to give the team direction

Question 28

What are key components of training in regards to the coaching model?

Answer 28

• knowledge coaches utilize to maximize athletes’ acquiring and performing skills
• mental, physical, tactical and technical aspects

Question 29

What are key components of competition in regards to the coaching model?

Answer 29

• applied coaching knowledge & tasks performed during competition
• pre-match routines for themselves and athletes
• post-competition debriefing