BODY IMAGE & PERSON PERCEPTION

Question 1

What is body image?

Answer 1

• a person’s attitudes toward, evaluations of, and level of satisfaction with of his or her body

Question 2

What percentage of girls and boys engage in unhealthy weight loss behaviours?

Answer 2

• girls: 1/2

- boys: 1/3

Question 3

What percentage of grade 12 boys have used steroids?

Answer 3

• 7%

Question 4

Hit me with the craziest fact about male and female body image statistics.

Answer 4

• men’s anabolic-androgenic steroid use is equal to the rate of bulimia, and greater than the rate of anorexia in women

Question 5

Are males of females more likely to diet to lose weight?

Answer 5

• girls are more likely: 63%

- boys: 16%

Question 6

Are males or females more likely to diet to gain weight?

Answer 6

• males are more likely: 28%

- girls: 9%

Question 7

Where are eating disorders most common?

Answer 7

• women
• in sports that emphasize leanness or appearance
• weight categories, endurance based, subjectively judged

Question 8

What is normative discontent?

Answer 8

• concept that women experience weight and appearance dissatisfaction

Question 9

What is social physique anxiety?

Answer 9

• the anxiety a person experiences as a result of perceived or actual judgements from others

Question 10

What is body dysmorphia?

Answer 10

• distinct mental disorder in which a person is preoccupied with an imagined physical defect or a minor defect that others often cannot see

Question 11

What are some things to consider as a coach or trainer to avoid negative body image?

Answer 11

• avoid “fat talk”
• a multi-disciplinary approach (physician, nutritionist, mental health professional)
• think about your attitudes toward weight maintenance/loss/gain on a daily basis
• try to create a “body image-friendly” environment

Question 12

What is person perception?

Answer 12

perception ⟶ non-person or person

Question 13

What are some perceptual distortions?

Answer 13

• stereotyping

- halo effect: assigning characteristics to an individual because of prior behaviour/performance

Question 14

How does stereotyping work?

Answer 14

others characteristics/labels ⟶ experiences ⟶ impression of others ⟶ experiences ⟶ expectations of others

Question 15

What are expectations?

Answer 15

• a belief that someone will or should achieve something

Question 16

What are the four steps to the expectation-performance process?

Answer 16

1. coaches form expectation (person cues, performance information)
2. coaches expectations affect their behaviour
3. coaches’ behaviour affects athletes’ performance and behaviours
4. the athlete’s performance conforms to the coaches expectations

Question 17

How does coaches expectations affect their behaviour?

Answer 17

• frequency and quality of coach-athlete interactions
• quantity and quality of instruction
• type and frequency of feedback
• attributions for success/failure