You Keep Missing These Flashcards by Monica Mendiola

Tx for AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (SVT)

Stable: Vagal (valsalva, cough, gag, ice, carotid massage). If unsuccessful, Adenosine or CCB.
Unstable: cardiovert

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Nitrates are CI with what heart murmur? Why?

Aortic Stenosis

- AS is preload-dependent

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In Non-obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, what is the only viable Tx?

Cardiac transplant

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MCC syncope in non-specific Hx, normal PE and ECG

Idiopathic

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Pt. presents to ED with a finger lac. She is 8 wks pregnant and has had 2 days of vaginal spotting and lower abdominal cramping. She has a closed os and no tenderness or masses on palpation (~possible threatened abortion or ectopic pregnancy). What is the mgmt?

Treat her laceration, perform hCG quantitative level and pelvic US

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Dx for Intussusception

Ultrasound (target-sign)

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Multiple sclerosis is associated with what eye condition? What is the finding?

Optic neuritis

- Afferent pupillary defect

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What is the mgmt for Molar Pregnancy?

Ob/Gyn consult for dilation and curettage. X-ray to R/O METS.

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Alcoholic. Oculomotor dysfunction (MC nystagmus**), cerebellar dysfunction (ataxia), AMS. Dx?

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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What mandates antibiotic treatment for Neutropenic Fever?

Single oral temp. of 101F (38.3C)

- 100.4 for >1 hr + ANC < 500

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Tx for Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia

Kids: observe ± IVIG (severe w/bleed)

- Adults: Steroids > IVIG; Platelets <20K - transfusion, splenectomy

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Tx for Acute Chest Syndrome in SCD

Broad-spectrum antibiotics + ICU

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Tx for Chronic Urticaria

Nortriptyline (tricyclic antidepressants)

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Tx for Tumor Lysis Syndrome

IVF + ER dialysis (with multiple electrolyte abnormalities)

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Mgmt of Red Man Syndrome

IV diphenhydramine and stop infusion. If no more Sxs, can restart slower.

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What is the Rx of choice for Myofascial Pain?

Cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant)

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Tx for Traveler’s Diarrhea besides rehydration

Ciprofloxacin

- Azithromycin (pregnant and kids)

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CI air-contrast enema in reducing pediatric intussusception?

Free air under diaphragm

- Peritonitis

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What labs are seen in Appendicitis?

Leukocytosis

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Electrolyte abnormalities seen in refeeding syndrome

HypoK

HypoPhos

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What is the appearance on imaging for Sigmoid Volvulus (colon twist) and what is the Tx?

Bent inner tube

- Sigmoidoscopy

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Viral infection MC associated with pediatric intussusception

Adenovirus

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Dx for Pancreatic Cancer

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Workup for ped obesity

Lipid panel

- CMP

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Dx for Epiglottitis

Laryngoscopy

When do pts. get Tetanus immune globulin?

Unknown, incomplete, or lack of primary tetanus immunization

Many painful papules ulcerated + inguinal bubo. Dx?

Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)

A sick boy presents with 12-hr Hx of HA, stiff neck, F to 104°F, lethargy. Next he begins vomiting and gets petechial rash from head to feet followed rapidly by the formation of necrotizing purpura. Then he develops shock, cardiac arrest, and dies. Dx?

Meningococcemia

Bones, Stones, Moans, Groans. Dx?

HYPER-Ca+

Mainstay Tx of Sinusitis <10 days

PO Analgesics

What is Ciguatera Poisoning and how is it treated?

- 2nd MC fish-borne toxin (grouper, red snap, barra) | - Support, Atropine, Mannitol

Tx for Polycystic Kidney Disease

ACEIs or ARBs

Decreased fremitus is found in:

Pneumothorax

What is a RF for endometriosis?

Nulliparity

What cardiac med is known to cause clinically significant hypothyroidism?

Amiodarone

Hypoparathyroidism presents with what abnormalities?

- ↓ Ca+ | - HIGH Phosphorus

Facial muscle movements (except chewing) and closing eyes is what cranial nerve?

CN VII (Facial)

Endoscopy is ordered and results show several large, SHALLOW ulcerations. What is the Dx and Initial treatment?

- CMV Esophagitis | - Gangciclovir

Abdominal cramps and watery diarrhea after eating a plate of unrefrigerated meat and vegetables. Dx?

Clostridium perfringens

Pt. with advanced AIDS complicated by toxoplasmosis presents with AMS, recent onset of seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. What diagnostic studies is most helpful?

Brain MRI

Tx for Pemphigus Vulgaris

1st- admit + HIGH steroids | 2nd- Methotrexate

Molluscum Contagiosum MC patho

Pox virus

Tx for Rosacea

Metronidazole

At what age is Varicella Zoster vaccine given?

50 yo

What reaction is a delayed, cell-mediated morbiliform rash like Erythema Multiforme?

Type IV

What is monitored while on Olanzapine? Why?

- Lipids | - Can cause DM and hyperchol.

What asthma med causes candidiasis?

Fluticasone

MC non-viral STI in the world

Trichomonas

What med stops lactation and is also used for prolactinoma?

Cabergoline ("STOP the cab!")

Mgmt for Molar Pregnancy

Get it out! Dilation and curettage.

Best to Dx Bronchiectasis

CT scan

14yo girl has been diagnosed with primary amenorrhea. Pelvic US reveals an absent uterus. Genetic testing confirms a 46,XX karyotype. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Mullerian dysgenesis

58yo postmeno. woman presents with painless vaginal bleeding. Her last menses was 5 yrs ago. She reports that her Pap smears have always been normal; the last one was 1 yr ago. What is the next step in management?

Transvaginal ultrasound

In a pt. with active or reactive TB, what is the GOLD Dx?

Acid-Fast Smear (AFB) and Sputum Culture

Newborn in respiratory distress. CXR shows fluid in pulm fissures and infiltrates. Dx?

Transient Tachypnea

Sxs of either Chlamydia or Gono. How best do we choose an answer based on tool for Dx?

Always with one with PCR, even if in urine.

Tx for Pyelonephritis

FQ** >> Bactrim

Tx for Guillain-Barre

Plasmapheresis, IVIG | "Gonz Is Pig!"

Tx for Myasthenia Gravis

Ach-Esterase Inh: "-mine" "make Mya mine!" | Acute: Plasmaph. or IVIG. "Is Pig"

What antiepileptic drug is CI in pregnancy?

Valproate

MC pathos of GBS and Bell Palsy

GBS: Camp BP: HSV

Tx for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

CCB Nicardipine

How do we Dx Acute Hep B?

Core Antibodies

Esophageal CA is MC a complication of ______ or ______.

GERD or Barrett's

Eating improperly refrigerated foods may lead to:

Bacillus cereus

Tx for C. Diff

PO Vanco* or PO Metro

MCC (not patho) of Pancreatic CA

Smoking

Tx for Aortic Stenosis

- IVF | - Replacement

1st line Tx for CHRONIC Stable Angina that is NOT Nitro

MC ligament injury of an ankle sprain

Anterior TaloFibular Lig. (ATFL)

MC nerve compressed in Carpal Tunnel

Median