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PANCE Exam Review > You Keep Missing These > Flashcards

You Keep Missing These Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (SVT)

A
  • Stable: Vagal (valsalva, cough, gag, ice, carotid massage). If unsuccessful, Adenosine or CCB.
  • Unstable: cardiovert
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2
Q

Nitrates are CI with what heart murmur? Why?

A
  • Aortic Stenosis

- AS is preload-dependent

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3
Q

In Non-obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, what is the only viable Tx?

A

Cardiac transplant

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4
Q

MCC syncope in non-specific Hx, normal PE and ECG

A

Idiopathic

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5
Q

Pt. presents to ED with a finger lac. She is 8 wks pregnant and has had 2 days of vaginal spotting and lower abdominal cramping. She has a closed os and no tenderness or masses on palpation (~possible threatened abortion or ectopic pregnancy). What is the mgmt?

A

Treat her laceration, perform hCG quantitative level and pelvic US

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6
Q

Dx for Intussusception

A

Ultrasound (target-sign)

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7
Q

Multiple sclerosis is associated with what eye condition? What is the finding?

A
  • Optic neuritis

- Afferent pupillary defect

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8
Q

What is the mgmt for Molar Pregnancy?

A

Ob/Gyn consult for dilation and curettage. X-ray to R/O METS.

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9
Q

Alcoholic. Oculomotor dysfunction (MC nystagmus**), cerebellar dysfunction (ataxia), AMS. Dx?

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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10
Q

What mandates antibiotic treatment for Neutropenic Fever?

A
  • Single oral temp. of 101F (38.3C)

- 100.4 for >1 hr + ANC < 500

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11
Q

Tx for Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia

A
  • Kids: observe ± IVIG (severe w/bleed)

- Adults: Steroids > IVIG; Platelets <20K - transfusion, splenectomy

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12
Q

Tx for Acute Chest Syndrome in SCD

A

Broad-spectrum antibiotics + ICU

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13
Q

Tx for Chronic Urticaria

A

Nortriptyline (tricyclic antidepressants)

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14
Q

Tx for Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A

IVF + ER dialysis (with multiple electrolyte abnormalities)

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15
Q

Mgmt of Red Man Syndrome

A

IV diphenhydramine and stop infusion. If no more Sxs, can restart slower.

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16
Q

What is the Rx of choice for Myofascial Pain?

A

Cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant)

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17
Q

Tx for Traveler’s Diarrhea besides rehydration

A
  • Ciprofloxacin

- Azithromycin (pregnant and kids)

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18
Q

CI air-contrast enema in reducing pediatric intussusception?

A
  • Free air under diaphragm

- Peritonitis

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19
Q

What labs are seen in Appendicitis?

A

Leukocytosis

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20
Q

Electrolyte abnormalities seen in refeeding syndrome

A

HypoK

HypoPhos

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21
Q

What is the appearance on imaging for Sigmoid Volvulus (colon twist) and what is the Tx?

A
  • Bent inner tube

- Sigmoidoscopy

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22
Q

Viral infection MC associated with pediatric intussusception

A

Adenovirus

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23
Q

Dx for Pancreatic Cancer

A

CT

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24
Q

Workup for ped obesity

A
  • Lipid panel

- CMP

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25
Q

Dx for Epiglottitis

A

Laryngoscopy

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26
Q

When do pts. get Tetanus immune globulin?

A

Unknown, incomplete, or lack of primary tetanus immunization

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27
Q

Many painful papules ulcerated + inguinal bubo. Dx?

A

Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)

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28
Q

A sick boy presents with 12-hr Hx of HA, stiff neck, F to 104°F, lethargy. Next he begins vomiting and gets petechial rash from head to feet followed rapidly by the formation of necrotizing purpura. Then he develops shock, cardiac arrest, and dies. Dx?

A

Meningococcemia

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29
Q

Bones, Stones, Moans, Groans. Dx?

A

HYPER-Ca+

30
Q

Mainstay Tx of Sinusitis <10 days

A

PO Analgesics

31
Q

What is Ciguatera Poisoning and how is it treated?

A
  • 2nd MC fish-borne toxin (grouper, red snap, barra)

- Support, Atropine, Mannitol

32
Q

Tx for Polycystic Kidney Disease

A

ACEIs or ARBs

33
Q

Decreased fremitus is found in:

A

Pneumothorax

34
Q

What is a RF for endometriosis?

A

Nulliparity

35
Q

What cardiac med is known to cause clinically significant hypothyroidism?

A

Amiodarone

36
Q

Hypoparathyroidism presents with what abnormalities?

A
  • ↓ Ca+

- HIGH Phosphorus

37
Q

Facial muscle movements (except chewing) and closing eyes is what cranial nerve?

A

CN VII (Facial)

38
Q

Endoscopy is ordered and results show several large, SHALLOW ulcerations. What is the Dx and Initial treatment?

A
  • CMV Esophagitis

- Gangciclovir

39
Q

Abdominal cramps and watery diarrhea after eating a plate of unrefrigerated meat and vegetables. Dx?

A

Clostridium perfringens

40
Q

Pt. with advanced AIDS complicated by toxoplasmosis presents with AMS, recent onset of seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. What diagnostic studies is most helpful?

A

Brain MRI

41
Q

Tx for Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

1st- admit + HIGH steroids

2nd- Methotrexate

42
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum MC patho

A

Pox virus

43
Q

Tx for Rosacea

A

Metronidazole

44
Q

At what age is Varicella Zoster vaccine given?

A

50 yo

45
Q

What reaction is a delayed, cell-mediated morbiliform rash like Erythema Multiforme?

A

Type IV

46
Q

What is monitored while on Olanzapine? Why?

A
  • Lipids

- Can cause DM and hyperchol.

47
Q

What asthma med causes candidiasis?

A

Fluticasone

48
Q

MC non-viral STI in the world

A

Trichomonas

49
Q

What med stops lactation and is also used for prolactinoma?

A

Cabergoline (“STOP the cab!”)

50
Q

Mgmt for Molar Pregnancy

A

Get it out! Dilation and curettage.

51
Q

Best to Dx Bronchiectasis

A

CT scan

52
Q

14yo girl has been diagnosed with primary amenorrhea. Pelvic US reveals an absent uterus. Genetic testing confirms a 46,XX karyotype. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Mullerian dysgenesis

53
Q

58yo postmeno. woman presents with painless vaginal bleeding. Her last menses was 5 yrs ago. She reports that her Pap smears have always been normal; the last one was 1 yr ago. What is the next step in management?

A

Transvaginal ultrasound

54
Q

In a pt. with active or reactive TB, what is the GOLD Dx?

A

Acid-Fast Smear (AFB) and Sputum Culture

55
Q

Newborn in respiratory distress. CXR shows fluid in pulm fissures and infiltrates. Dx?

A

Transient Tachypnea

56
Q

Sxs of either Chlamydia or Gono. How best do we choose an answer based on tool for Dx?

A

Always with one with PCR, even if in urine.

57
Q

Tx for Pyelonephritis

A

FQ**&raquo_space; Bactrim

58
Q

Tx for Guillain-Barre

A

Plasmapheresis, IVIG

“Gonz Is Pig!”

59
Q

Tx for Myasthenia Gravis

A

Ach-Esterase Inh: “-mine” “make Mya mine!”

Acute: Plasmaph. or IVIG. “Is Pig”

60
Q

What antiepileptic drug is CI in pregnancy?

A

Valproate

61
Q

MC pathos of GBS and Bell Palsy

A

GBS: Camp
BP: HSV

62
Q

Tx for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

A

CCB Nicardipine

63
Q

How do we Dx Acute Hep B?

A

Core Antibodies

64
Q

Esophageal CA is MC a complication of ______ or ______.

A

GERD or Barrett’s

65
Q

Eating improperly refrigerated foods may lead to:

A

Bacillus cereus

66
Q

Tx for C. Diff

A

PO Vanco* or PO Metro

67
Q

MCC (not patho) of Pancreatic CA

A

Smoking

68
Q

Tx for Aortic Stenosis

A
  • IVF

- Replacement

69
Q

1st line Tx for CHRONIC Stable Angina that is NOT Nitro

A

BB

70
Q

MC ligament injury of an ankle sprain

A

Anterior TaloFibular Lig. (ATFL)

71
Q

MC nerve compressed in Carpal Tunnel

A

Median

PANCE Exam Review (32 decks)

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