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PANCE Exam Review > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Antipyretics

A

Ibuprofen and Aspirin.

Reduce fever.

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2
Q

Meds that cause Ototoxicity

A
  • Aminogylcosides: Genta, Tobra
  • Loop diuretics: Furo, Bume
  • Platinum-based chemo: Carbo, Cis
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3
Q

CI to Pyridostigmine (acetylcholinesterase inhibitors )

A

Mechanical GI and urinary obstruction.

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4
Q

Achilles tendon rupture risk increases when using what meds?

A
  • Chronic steroid usage

- FQs

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5
Q

MC SE of HGM-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

A

1st: Myalgias

Watch for Myopathy, Rhabdo

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6
Q

Hydroxychloroquine: Monitor ____ every 6-12 mo

A

Eye exam

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7
Q

DMARDs SE and monitor what?

A
  • Bone marrow suppression

- CBCs

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8
Q

What ECG finding is seen with Macrolide use?

A

QT prolongation

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9
Q

Drug class MOA of “-pine” meds and how can we remember that for what they do?

A
  • Dihydropyridine (DHP)

- “Don’t Hurt Pulse” → Don’t drop HR, only BP.

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10
Q

Is it okay to use NSAIDs with renal issues?

A

No it’s CI bc they hold on to Na+ (thus, fluid retention) and they decreases blood supply (dec. renal prostaglandins).

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11
Q

What should be monitored with a pt. on Olanzapine? Why?

A
  • Lipid panel

- D/T hypercholesterolemia and DM

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12
Q

What is monitored using Clozapine and why?

A
  • WBC count

- Agranulocytosis (low WBC)

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13
Q

Cymbalta (Duloxetine) indications

A

Nerve pain and depression

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14
Q

What med is known to cause oropharyngeal candidiasis?

A

Fluticasone

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15
Q

Immunosuppressive med that inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides → T and B lymphocytes inhibited from replicating.

A

Mycophenolate

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16
Q

Common meds that have propylene glycol. What is a AE?

A
  • Lorazepam, Diazepam
  • Phenobarbital
  • Phenytoin
  • Nitroglycerin
  • AE: dysrhythmias, hypoTN, bradycardia
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17
Q

What antiepileptic med blocks neuronal Na+ channels to prolong the refractory period and inhibit action potential propagation?

A

Carbamazepine

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18
Q

When do pts. on corticosteroids need to taper off to prevent adrenal insufficiency?

A

5-7 days

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19
Q

What med is used in pt. with asthma and taking a pharm stress test?

A

Dobutamine

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20
Q

What sedative med is CI with possible bowel obstruction?

A

Nitrous oxide

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21
Q

What clinical Dx’s will increase the volume of distribution of hydrophilic meds?

A

Fluid retainers: Ascites, CKD, CHF

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22
Q

MOA Allopurinol

A

Inhibits Xanthine Oxidase (enzyme that converts Hypoxanthine → Xanthine → Uric Acid)

23
Q

What receptor stimulates positive chronotropic and inotrope?

A

Beta 1

24
Q

Clonidine drug class

A

Alpha 2 agonist

25
Q

What causes Disulfiram-like reaction? What are the Sxs?

A
  • EtOH + Metronidazole (or Bactrim)

- Severe flushing ± hypoTN and tachycardia

26
Q

Buprenorphine (opioid) is what kind of mu opioid receptor?

A

Partial agonist

27
Q

What toxicity is commonly associated with giving IV Amphotericin B?

A

Nephrotoxicity

28
Q

Which antiepileptic med requires dose adjustment for patients with hypoalbuminemia?

A

Phenytoin

29
Q

Anaphylaxis Sxs

A

Respiratory: Bronchospasms, wheezing, ↑ airway pressure which causes lower minute ventilation.

30
Q

What is used to ion trap aspirin in the urine thus enhancing elimination?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

31
Q

JNC8 guideline: How much time needs to pass before any adjustments to medication are made for HTN mgmt?

A

1 mo

32
Q

Procainamide adverse effect

A

Torsades

33
Q

MOA Ondansetron

A

Serotonin 3 (5HT3) receptor antagonist

34
Q

MC SE after giving IV Amiodarone

A

HypoTN

35
Q

What is monitored with chronic use of Amiodarone?

A

Annual CXR (D/T pulmonary toxicity)

36
Q

Albuterol can lead to what electrolyte abnormality?

A

HypoK

37
Q

What med causes SLE-like syndrome?

A

Isoniazid

38
Q

Med that aids with dry mouth in Sjogren’s syndrome

A

Pilocarpine

39
Q

What med causes severe angioedema?

A

ACE-I

40
Q

In what setting is dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel indicated?

A

After percutaneous coronary intervention and stent placement.

41
Q

What 2 need to be monitored for SEs of carbamazepine?

A

Hematologic (CBC) and hepatic (LFT).

42
Q

What is an SE of Daptomycin? What is checked bc of this?

A
  • Myopathy and rhabdomyolysis

- Weekly monitoring of Creatine Phosphokinase

43
Q

In a lipophilic med, what clinical Dx will increase in the volume of distribution?

A

Obesity

44
Q

Which NSAIDs has the lowest risk of GI bleed?

A

Celecoxib

45
Q

What TB med is commonly associated with lupus-like syndrome?

A

Isoniazid

46
Q

Tx for Mg Sulfate Toxicity

A

Calcium Gluconate

47
Q

What meds causes Acute Tubular Necrosis?

A

Aminoglycosides (Genta)

48
Q

What antineoplastic med can cause cardiac toxicity and precipitate heart failure?

A

Doxorubicin

49
Q

What HTN med can cause hyperkalemia?

A

ACE-I

50
Q

Post-op fever on day 7+ would likely be D/T:

A

Medication induced

51
Q

Which med exerts its action by inhibiting cell wall synthesis?

A

Amoxicillin

52
Q

MOA ASA

A

Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking cyclooxygenase-1 activity

53
Q

When can we use Levofloxacin as 1st line therapy?

A

Bounce-backs or Pseudomonas:

  • Ventilator in the ICU
  • Cystic fibrosis, COPD
  • Corneal abrasion D/T contact lens use
  • Plantar puncture wound through shoe
  • Malignant external otitis
  • DM

PANCE Exam Review (32 decks)

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