GI (New) Flashcards
What is the likely diagnosis with a newborn that has delayed meconium passage?
Hirschsprung Disease
What type of hepatitis is least likely to cause fulminant hepatitis with massive hepatic necrosis and impairment of consciousness?
Hepatitis C
What are some complications of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)?
Hepatic encephalopathy, shunt stenosis or occlusion, infection
Charcot triad is seen in:
Acute Cholangitis
chArcot, cholAngitis
Which condition can be treated with sigmoidoscopy?
Sigmoid Volvulus
What is the gold treatment for Esophageal Varices?
Endoscopic band ligation
What is the age range for Intussusception to occur?
5 months to 3 years
What is the most likely cell type for stomach carcinoma?
Adenocarcinoma
What is the classic triad of Chronic Pancreatitis?
- Pancreatic calcifications on KUB
- DM
- Steatorrhea
What meds fall under osmotic laxatives? What is the MOA?
- PEG, Lactulose, Sarbitol, Saline laxatives (MOM, Mg Citrate)
- H2O retention in stool, pulls H2O into gut.
What lab test is specific for Portal HTN?
↑ ascites albumin gradient
What diagnostic study is most likely to be positive in the setting of Crohn disease?
(+) ASCA: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies
Antimitochondrial antibodies are seen in:
Primary biliary cirrhosis** > Primary biliary cholangitis
A patient presents with sudden onset of frequent watery stools, fever and abdominal pain. She is healthy, but she is being treated with Topical Benzoyl Peroxide and PO Clindamycin for Acne. What is the diagnosis?
-Pseudomembranous enterocolitis caused by C. difficile
How is Diverticular Disease diagnosed?
Contrast CT
What PE is pathognomonic in Wilson Disease? What labs are seen?
- Kayser-Fleischer rings
- ↓ serum ceruloplasmin
On an upper endoscopy, small, deep ulcers at the distal esophagus are seen. What is the likely diagnosis and etiology?
Infectious Esophagitis d/t HSV
A HIDA scan and IV Cholecystokinin fail to show contractility of gallbladder. What is the likely diagnosis?
Biliary Dyskinesia
To control a bleed prior to surgical resection of diverticula, what medication can be given IV?
Vasopressin
What meds fall under stimulant laxatives? What is the MOA?
- Bisacodyl, Senna
- ↑ Ach regulated GI motility and alters electrolyte transport in the mucosa.
How is Hirschsprung Disease diagnosed?
Rectal biopsy
What meds fall under bulk forming laxatives? What is the MOA?
- Psyllium, Methylcellulose, Polycarbophil, Wheat Dextran
- Absorbs H2O and ↑ fecal mass.
On an upper endoscopy, large superficial shallow esophageal ulcers are seen. What is the likely diagnosis and etiology?
Infectious Esophagitis d/t CMV.
What x-ray finding will be seen in a GI perforation?
Free air under the diaphragm
What is the treatment for Infectious Esophagitis caused by Candida?
Fluconazole
What is the endoscopic finding for Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
Stacked circular rings
What is the most sensitive and specific test for GERD?
24 h pH monitoring
What lab abnormality is seen in severe diarrhea?
Metabolic Acidosis and Hypokalemia (d/t loss of K and HCO3)
What medication(s) improves survival by decreasing the occurrence of hepatorenal syndrome in alcoholic hepatitis?
Pentoxifylline or Prednisone
