Year 2 Histology Qs (keep adding when you review own notes - mostly from pje) Flashcards
Squamous cell carcinoma of lung usually occurs at which areas of the lung? [1]
Main bronchi
What type of cancer is this depicted?
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
What type of cancer is this depicted?
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
How would you describe cell types found in small cell lung carcinoma? [1]
- Small, ovoid, densely packed and darkly stained tumor cells
What pathology does this image depict?
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
Which of the following can be distinguished by keratinisation of cells
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
Which of the following can be distinguished by keratinisation of cells
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
Numerous keratin pearls will be noted which are areas of central keratinization surrounded by concentric layers of abnormal squamous cells
What type of cancer causes the tumour depicted on the right?
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
What type of cancer causes the tumour depicted on the right?
Squamous cell cancer
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Small cell carcinoma
Hyaline cartilage is resistant to invasion
Label M, CN and L on this histological slide [3]
What pathology is indicated? [1]
Pulmonary tunerculosis
M: macrophage
L: langhan cell
CN: caseous necrosis
Which cell type walls of tubercle in TB ptx to create a caseous necrosis? [1]
Fibroblasts: lay down collagen to wall of tubercle (F)
Which of the following is primary, secondary and miliary TB? [3]
A: Secondary TB
B: Miliary TB
C: Primary TB
Assmans focus is associated with:
Primary TB
Secondary TB
Miliary TB
Assmans focus is associated with:
Primary TB
Secondary TB
Miliary TB
Ranke complex in primary pulmonary TB is caused by which two components? [2]
a Ghon lesion that has undergone calcification
an ipsilateral calcified mediastinal node
What is the likely lung diagnosis? [1]
Bronchopneumonia: neutrophil found in alveolar spaces
What is the likely diagnosis of this histological slide?
NB: The Ptx is well nourished and has an enlarged, tender liver
Hypothyroidism
Folic acid deficiency
Haemoglobinopathy
B12 Deficiency
Alcoholic liver disease
What is the likely diagnosis of this histological slide?
NB: The Ptx is well nourished and has an enlarged, tender liver
Hypothyroidism
Folic acid deficiency
Haemoglobinopathy
B12 Deficiency
Alcoholic liver disease
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
Eosiniphil infiltratin
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency (From chronic renal failure)
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
Can see Burr cells and spicules
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency + eating fava beans
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
Non-spherocytic haemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited? [1]
Explain why [2]
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Spherolytic haemolytic anaemia. Bone marrow infiltration by lymphocytes that leads to none marrow fialure and development of anaemia
What is the diagnosis ? [1]
Acute myeloid leukaemia
Label A-C of hepatic histology
A: branch of bile duct
B: branch of hepatic artery
C: branch of portal vein
Label A-C
A: Parafollicular cells
B: Colloid
C: Follicular cell
Which of the folllowing secretes calcitonin?
A
B
C
Which of the folllowing secretes calcitonin?
A: parafollicular cells Lowers Ca++ levels
B
C
Where is the following an adenoma from? [1]
Pituitary adenoma
See loss of supporting reticular network
This photograph shows a histopathological specimen of the pitutiary gland. ID the tissues labelled A-C
A: Pituitary adenoma
B: posterior lobe of pit gland
C: anterior lobe of pit gland
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
G6PD leads to non-spherocytic haemolytic anaemia.
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
Chronic renal failure leads to a deficiency in EPO.
Normocytic anaemia occurs.
Red cells fragments are commonly seen with renal vascular disease.
Anisocytosis and Poikilocytosis will therefore be present as well.
Burr cells may be visible (acanthocytes).
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
Hay fever does not affect RBCS.
Eosinophil levels will be increased as a response to allergies (eosinophilia).
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
- Patients appear jaundiced due to increased RBC breakdown.
- Reticulocytosis occurs to try to raised Hb concentration levels (polychromasia).
- Spherocytes will be visible to highlight RBC damage.
- This disease can be autoimmune.
- Neutrophilia may be present.
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
What pathology is likely to cause this histopathological change depcited?
G6PD deficiency
Hereditory eliptocytosis
Erythropoietin deficiency
Allergic rhinitis
Malarial parasites
Spherocytic Hemolytic anaemia
RBCs present as normocytic
What causes this pathology? [1]
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Alcohol is the most frequent cause of macrocytic RBCs in the absence of anaemia.
What causes this pathology? [1]
IDA: Microcytic, hypochromic cells present.
Blood loss such as a large bowel carcinoma may be responsible for iron deficiency.
What causes this pathology? [1]
B12/Folate Deficiency:
Macrocytic cells. & Hypersegmented neutrophil.
What causes this pathology? [1]
B12/Folate Deficiency:
Macrocytic cells. & Hypersegmented neutrophil.
This is a histological slide from the pituitary gland. What pathology is indicated and how can you tell? [2]
Hashimotos: Colloid not conspicuous
Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disorder that can cause hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid
Hypothyroidism can be indicated by [2]
Puffiness
Coarse skin
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
(Left is normal)
Cushing syndrome is most commonly caused by [1]
2nd most common cause? [2]
Most common: Iatrogenic: from administration of exogenous glucorticoids
70% on non-iatrogenic causes are Pituitary ACTH secreting adenoma
3 symptoms of Cushings? [3]
Central obesity
Abdominal striae
Moon faces
What are the three liver zones and where are they in relation to each other?
1: most central
* 2: intermediate
3: furthest from distributing vessels
What are roles of liver zone 1 and 3? [2]
What is hepatocyte death: bridgeing?
Bridgeing = within zone 3 of acinus, severe Hep
Which is the major cell involved in liver fibrosis?
stellate cells [1]
Label A-C of Thyroid gland
What is secreted by C?
A: follicular cells
B: colloid
C: parafollicular cells - secretes calcitonin
Which of the following is from Graves and which is Hashimotos?
A: Graves
B: Hashimotos (lymphocyte infiltration)
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
- plump follicular cells with increased amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm
- hyperplastic follicles with papillary epithelial infoldings
- evidence of colloid reabsorption, including ‘scalloping’ at the apical membrane and variable follicle collapse and exhaustion
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos : lymphocyte infilatration
Cushings syndrome
Label A-B of atheroma plaque
A: Tunica media
B: atherosclerotic plaque
Whay histopathology is ocurring here?
Pneumonia
Squamous cell carcinoma
Tuberculosis
Adenoma cell carcinoma
Whay histopathology is ocurring here?
Pneumonia
Squamous cell carcinoma
Tuberculosis
Adenoma cell carcinoma
Successful macrophage lymphocyte—> fibroblast–>defensive reaction occurs
Which cell types secrete calcitonin
Follicular cells
Parafollicular cells
Hepatocytes
Colloid
Which cell types secrete calcitonin
Follicoluar cells
Parafollicular cells
Hepatocytes
Colloid
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Colloid not conspicuous & lymphocyte infiltration
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which pathology is indicated by this slide?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
Which of the following of A-C pictures of adrenal gland shows:
Cortical adenoma
Normal
Cortial hyperplasia
Which of the following of A-C pictures of adrenal gland shows:
A = Normal
B = Cortical adenoma
C = Cortial hyperplasia
What is the most common cause of Cushings syndrome? [1]
What is the second most common cause of Cushings syndrome? [1]
Most common: iatrogenic - adminstration of exogenous glucoscorticoids
Second most common: piutary ACTHsecreting adenoma
What s this patint most likely to bes suffering from?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
What s this patint most likely to bes suffering from?
Graves
Addisons
Hashimotos
Cushings syndrome
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the pathology occurring in this liver slide?
Chronic viral hep C
Hepatitis
Acute hepatisis
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Disruption lobular architecture, Hepatocyte apoptosis, snusoids inflam
Which pathology is depicted here?
Liver cancer most malignant are metastases from primary tumour in []
- Most malignant are metastases from primary tumour in another
organ
Label A-C of hepatocellular slide
A: glandular arragne of adenocarcinoma cells
B: fibrous stroma with blood vessels and inflammatory cells
C: hepatocytes
The glomerular filtration barrier is made up of which three layers [3]
- podocytes barrier
- glomerular BM
- Fenestrated endothelium of capillary
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Whats the basic difference between nephritic syndrome vs nerphrotic syndrome?
Nephritic syndrome: is a condition involving haematuria, mild to moderate proteinuria (typically less than 3.5g/L/day), hypertension, oliguria and red cell casts in the urine.
Nephrotic syndrome: is a condition involving the loss of significant volumes of protein via the kidneys (proteinuria) which results in hypoalbuminaemia. The definition of nephrotic syndrome includes both massive proteinuria (≥3.5 g/day) and hypoalbuminaemia (serum albumin ≤30 g/L). 1
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Damage to the glomeruli allows proteins, such as albumin, to pass through into the nephron tubules and be lost in urine, giving rise to three clinical features that define NS:
Proteinuria (defined as loss of >3.5g of protein in urine over 24 hours);
Hypoalbuminaemia (<30g/L of albumin in the blood);
Peripheral oedema[3].
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Label A-C of the kidney
A: Capillary lumen
B: Mesengial cell
C: Capillary lumen
Label A-C of the kidney
A: Capillary lumen
B: Mesengial cell
C: Capillary lumen
Which of the following best describes the outline below:
Usually occursin chidlren under 6 years old after a respiratory infection or immunisation
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which of the following best describes the outline below:
Usually occursin chidlren under 6 years old after a respiratory infection or immunisation
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Which renal pathology is depcited here?
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Minimal change disease
Membranous glomerulopathy
Diabetic glomerulonephropathy
Desrcibe the epithelial cell injury that occurs in minimal change disease [2]
- Process effacement: podocyte cell process flatten onto BM
- Results in leaky glomerular filtratration barrrier
Renal cell carcinoma often are derived from which cells within the kidney? [1]
Renal epithelial cells
What is the most common maligant bladder tumour? [1]
Transitional cell carcinoma
Name three specialisations of transitional cell epithelium [3]
- thick plasma membrane + plaques
- hinge like portions that allow rounding and flattening of the cells depending on distension
- tight junctions between cells prohibit passage of water or other materials between cells
Label A-C of normal renal histology
A: collecting duct
B: thick descending limb
C: thick ascending limb
Label A-C of normal renal histology
A: collecting duct
B: thick descending limb
C: thick ascending limb
Label A-D of normal kidney histology
A: Bowmans space
B: Proximal tubules
C: Distal tubules
D: Glomerulus
Label A & B of normal kidney
A: distal tubules
B: collecting tubule
Which of the following is the PCT
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is the PCT
A
B: simple cuboidal with microvilli
C
D
Which of the following is the DCT
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is the DCT
A
B
C
D
Describe the histopatholigical changes seen in MI from:
Less than 1 day [1]
Less than 7 days [1]
1-3 week [1]
3-6 weeks [1]
Dsecribe the histopatholigical changes seen in MI from:
Less than 1 day [1]: coagulative necrosis
Less than 7 days [1]: acute inflammation
1-3 week [1]: granulatin
3-6 weeks [1]: scarring
How long after MI is the following slide depicted?
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
How long after MI is the following slide depicted?
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week granulation occuring
3-6 weeks
How long after MI is the following slide depicted?
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
How long after MI is the following slide depicted?
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks: scarring
MI Histological changes:
Coagulative necrosis occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histological changes:
Coagulative necrosis occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histological changes:
Myofibers begin to disintegrate; dying neutrophil; macrophages phagocytose necrotic cells
occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histological changes:
Myofibers begin to disintegrate; dying neutrophil; macrophages phagocytose necrotic cells
occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histological changes:
Increased collagen deposition and decreased cellularity
occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histological changes:
Increased collagen deposition and decreased cellularity
occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histologica changes:
Well-formed granulation tissue with neovascularization and collagen deposit
Occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
MI Histologica changes:
Well-formed granulation tissue with neovascularization and collagen deposit
Occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
marked by a shift from pro-inflammatory cells to apoptotic neutrophils and phagocytic macrophages &
Macrophages phagocytose the dying neutrophils as well as the necrotic tissue debris
How many days post-infarct does the following occur:
- marked by a shift from pro-inflammatory cells to apoptotic neutrophils and phagocytic macrophages
- Macrophages phagocytose the dying neutrophils as well as the necrotic tissue debris
Occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
How many days post-infarct does the following occur:
- marked by a shift from pro-inflammatory cells to apoptotic neutrophils and phagocytic macrophages
- Macrophages phagocytose the dying neutrophils as well as the necrotic tissue debris
Occurs in about:
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day coagulative necrosis
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week granulation occurring
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks scarring occurring
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days 1-2 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week granulation
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
** Less than 1 day** coagualtive necrosis
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days accute inflam
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks scarring
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week granulation
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day coagulative necrosis
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
Summary of MI histology?
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day (12 hours)
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks
When would this histopatholigcal slide from an MI likely to have occurred
Less than 1 day
Less than 7 days
1-3 week
3-6 weeks scarring
Which pathology usually occurs after pharyngeal A streptococcal infection? [1]
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is histologically identifiable which structures? [1]
Aschoffs bodies
Which of the following of A-C are:
Rheumatic mitral stenosis
Normal
Ashoff bodies
A: Normal
B: Ashoff bodies
C: Rheumatic mitral stenosis
Descibe what aschoff bodies are [2] and where they are found [1]
Aschoff are nodular inflammatory lesions found in the CT of the myocardium.
Aschoff bodies are areas of necrosis and large distinctive macrophages
Aschoff bodies may collect at the [] valve toc cause rheumatic [] stenosis.
Aschoff bodies may collect at the mitral valve toc cause rheumatic mitral stenosis.
Which substance is synthesised in the middle of theses structures?
Thyroglobulin (stores and secretes T3 & T4)
Which thyroid disease is depicted here? [1]
Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Label A-B of the parathyroid gland
A: Chief cells
B: oxyphil cells
Label A-D of the adrenal gland
A = zona glomerulosa, B = zona fasciculata, C = zona reticularis.
D = Medulla.
What is this depcited in pancreas?
Islet of Langerhans
Which cells have been stained in the islet of langerhans
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
PP cells
Which cells have been stained in the islet of langerhans
Alpha cells
Beta cells : most abundant
Delta cells
PP cells
Which of the following are the majority of the endcorine cells in islet of langerhans?
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
PP cells
Which of the following are the majority of the endcorine cells in islet of langerhans?
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
PP cells
Which thyroid disease is depicted here? [1]
Graves
Follicular cells are taller and have larger nuclei.
Increased colloid use to produce T4 causes scalloping (S on right image).
Increased collide use also reduces the size of follicles.
Label A-F of the kidney
What do the arrows [1] and asterixes [1] depict of the kidney
Arrows: Renal corpsucles
*: collecting ducts
Label A & B of renal parenchyma
A: podocytes
B: basement membrane
Which of the following is the DCT and PCT? [2]
A: DCT
B: PCT
Which of the following is the DCT and PCT? [2]
Arrows: PCT
Arrowheads: DCT
Which is the loop of henle and which is the collecting duct?
C = CD
B: LoH
Label A-D of the ureter
A: transitional epithelium
B: LP
C: muscualris mucosa
D: adventitia
Label A-C of ureter
A: transitional epithelium
B: LP
C: muscularis
Label A-D of liver
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
What type of liver cancer is depicted here?
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Hepatic carcinoma
Glial cells in the pituitary stalk are called WHAT? [1]
Pituicytes
A 35-year-old is noted to be pale and bruise easily. A blood test is organised by the GP.
WBC 6.0 x 109/L
Neutrophils 0.9 x 109/L
Which of the following leukaemias is most commonly associated with this blood finding?
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia
Acute myeloid leukaemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
Hairy cell leukaemia
A 35-year-old is noted to be pale and bruise easily. A blood test is organised by the GP.
WBC 6.0 x 109/L
Neutrophils 0.9 x 109/L
Which of the following leukaemias is most commonly associated with this blood finding?
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia
Acute myeloid leukaemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
Hairy cell leukaemia
Which of the following is the PCT?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the PCT?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the mesengial cell?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the PCT?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the podocyte?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the podocyte?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the bowmans space?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is the bowmans space?
A
B
C
D
E
The endothelial cells in renal corpsucle are:
continuous
discontinuous
fenestrated
The endothelial cells in renal corpsucle are:
continuous
discontinuous
fenestrated
Label A-E of renal corpsucle
A: podocyte
B: Bowmans space
C: Foot process (of podocytes)
D: basement membrane
E: endothelial cell
Label A-C
A: PCT
B: thin limb
C: thick ascending
Label A&B
A: PCT
B: DCT
Label A&B
A: DCT
B: PCT
Label A-C
A: PCT
B: mesengial cells
C: DCT
Label A&B
A: DCT
B: PCT
Proximal convoluted tubule
Note the darker-stained cytoplasm and that fewer nuclei are visible. Also, microvilli in the lumen give the shaggy appearance on apical surface of the epithelial cells. Primary function is reabsorption of water, salts and small organic molecules (sugars, amino acids, etc.).
Contract logitudinally
Transitional
Smooth muscle. Contracts to expel urine from the bladder. Smooth muscle layers are arranged in multiple directions in the bladder whereas the layers in the ureter have more defined orientations.
Smooth muscle. Contracts to expel urine from the bladder. Smooth muscle layers are arranged in multiple directions in the bladder whereas the layers in the ureter have more defined orientations.
PCT
PCT
Identify the structure indicated by the black arrow.
An interlobar artery
An interlobar vein
An arcuate artery
An arcuate vein
An interlobular artery
An interlobular vein
Identify the structure indicated by the black arrow.
An interlobar artery
An interlobar vein
An arcuate artery
An arcuate vein
An interlobular artery
An interlobular vein
- Which of the indicated tubules is generally the MOST permeable to water?
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
Answer
Correct answer 5. (E) Proximal convoluted tubules are lined by epithelial cells that constitutively express aquaporin channels and are therefore generally the MOST permeable to water. “A” is a proximal straight tubule. “B” is a distal straight tubule. “C” is a cortical collecting duct, which, under the influence of ADH, can become water permeable, but not to the same extent as a proximal convoluted tubule (A, B, and C are all in a medullary ray). “D” is a distal convoluted tubule.
- Which of the labeled ultrastructural features most significantly impedes the passage of negatively charged molecules?
A
B
C
D
- Which of the labeled ultrastructural features most significantly impedes the passage of negatively charged molecules?
A
B
C
D
Correct answer 4. (D). The lamina rara interna and externa contain an extensive amount of negatively charged proteoglycans which therefore REPELS negatively charged molecules and impede their passage into the urine filtrate.
- Which of the labeled ultrastructural features most significantly impedes the passage of negatively charged molecules?
A
B
C
D
- Which of the labeled ultrastructural features most significantly impedes the passage of negatively charged molecules?
A
B
C
D
Correct answer 4. (D). The lamina rara interna and externa contain an extensive amount of negatively charged proteoglycans which therefore REPELS negatively charged molecules and impede their passage into the urine filtrate.
What typpe of infection causes this histopathology? [1]
Cytomegalovirus
Which fetal pathology is depcited here?
Explain the pathology
Hyaline membrane disease
Clinically manifests as neonatal respiratory
distress syndrome (RDS)
Formation of membranes in the peripheral
airways (fibrin & cellular debris)
Deficiency of pulmonary surfactant
Which causative agent most likely caused this pneumonia? [1]
Cytomegalovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Respiratory syncytial virus
Adenovirus
Which causative agent most likely caused this pneumonia? [1]
Cytomegalovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Respiratory syncytial virus - Multinucleated giant cells can be seen within the bronchial epithelium and neighboring alveoli.
Adenovirus
What type of virus caused this lung infection? [1]
RSV
. Multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) of respiratory syncytial virus infection
demonstrating a large intracytoplasmic inclusion (arrow); (H&E, 1000 ). MNGCs
are more commonly seen within alveoli than within bronchioles.
What is the most common type of breast cancer? [1]
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Desribe pathophysiology of invasive ductal carcinoma [1]
when BM breached and malignant cells try to create small ducts - get sheets of cells penetrating the SMC & stroma
Describe the pathology of invasive lobular carcinoma [1]
get sheets of cells penetrating the SMC & stroma
Malignant cells form single file lines or single cells
Often show vacuoles within cytoplasm
What is the structure highlighted? [1]
Describe the cells surrounding it [2]
Lactiferous Duct - each lobe is drained by a single lactiferous duct that opens into the nipple. It is lined by a double layer of cuboidal or columnar cells surrounded by a sheath of connective tissue with myoid cells.
Difference between lactating and non-lactating mammory glands histoligically
R: Lactating
What type of breast cancer is depicted? [1]
classic invasive lobular carcinoma
What type of breast cancer is depicted? [1]
ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
What type of breast cancer is depicted? [1]
DCIS
What alteration to the breast tissue has occured? [1]
Figure 2 – Histology showing ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), demonstrating the malignant cells confined to the mammary ducts
What type of pathology is depicted in this breast tissue?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS
Invasive lobular carnicoma
What type of pathology is depicted in this breast tissue?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS
Invasive lobular carnicoma
What type of pathology is depicted in this breast tissue?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS
Invasive lobular carnicoma
What type of pathology is depicted in this breast tissue?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
DCIS
Invasive lobular carnicoma
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Apocrine metaplasia with eosinophilic cytoplasm and apical snouts involving dilated cysts. Notice the transition from single to multiple layered epithelium to true papillary configuration in the same cystic space.
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia - abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, prominent nucleolus and apocrine snouts.
What change to breast tissue is depicted here? [1]
Microcalcifications tend to be less common in fibrocystic change than in carcinoma. They tend to be coarse and irregular.
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Some of the larger cysts in fibrocystic change may have a bluish appearance from outside (blue-domed cysts). The cyst lining is flattened or absent in some cases. In the center of this image, cysts are lined by apocrine epithelium. Note the focus of adenosis above it.
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Sclerosing adenosis is a benign hyperplastic process that may be mistaken for carcinoma. The average age at presentation is about 30 yrs. The lesion retains is lobular configuration and is more cellular centrally.
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
The proliferating tubules may be elongated and have attenuated lumens. There is preferential preservation of myoepithelial cells in the tubules and epithelial cells are less conspicuous. Some degree of lobular fibrosis is usually present.
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which change to breast tissue is depicted here
Cysts
DCIS
Fibroadenoma
The tubules and glands in a fibroadenoma are lined by cuboidal or low columnar epithelium with uniform nuclei and surrounded by a myoepithelial layer. The stroma is made up of loose connective tissue. If the stroma is hypercellular, the diagnosis of phyllodes tumor should be excluded.
Sclerosing adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Which breast pathology is depicted here? [1]
Lobular carcinoma-in-situ (LCIS) is a non-palpable lesion which is usually an incidental finding in breasts removed for other reasons. It is multicentric in 70% of cases and bilateral in 30% to 40% of cases. The lobules are distended with uniform round or oval, medium sized cells. The nuclei are uniform and normochromatic. This image shows LCIS involving several lobules. A few uninvolved lobules can be seen on the right.
What is this breast pathology depicted? [1]
Ductal carcinoma in situ
The tumor cells with high nuclear grade nearly fill the lumen in this example of DCIS. The cytoplasmic borders are sharply demarcated.
What breast pathology is depicted here [1]
High power view of cribriform DCIS showing microcalcifications.
What breast pathology is depicted here? [1]
This case of high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma was composed mostly of solid areas, showed no evidence of tubule formation and was assigned score of 3 for tubule formation.
Which of the these photos is invasive ductal or invasive lobular breast cancer? [2]
L: invasive ductal carcinoma showed tubule formation
R: Invasive lobular carcinoma The tumor cells are arranged in slender linear strands one to two cells across
Which of the these photos is invasive ductal or invasive lobular breast cancer? [2]
R: invasive ductal carcinoma showed tubule formation
L: Invasive lobular carcinoma
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy Proliferation and hypercellularity of the mesangium is seen in the glomerulus
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted in this histology slide?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy Staining of the lipohyaline caps with periodic acid Schiff stain. Note the subendothelial location of the deposits filling the capillary lumina.
Which pathology is depicted in this histology slide?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy - note the Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted in this histology slide ?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy - mesengial hypercellulairty
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using slide?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which pathology is depicted using immunohistocomplex staining?
IgA nephropathy
Membranous change disease
DIabetic nephropathy
Glomerulosclerosis
Which part is AP and PP? [2]
Which AP cells are which on the masson trichrome? [2]
Posterior Pit:
Label A of PP
Herring Bodies
Identify the clusters of chief cells (CC), which secrete PTH. Also, identify oxyphil cells (OC), which are larger and paler staining than the chief cells.
Label A-C of the liver
Which liver pathology is occurring here? [1]
cholestasis
What is this adrenal histopathology depicted? [1]
Pheochromocytoma
Label A-C
Label A-C
Label A-C
Label A&B
Name this liver disease [1]
steatosis
A 60 year old man was admitted with massive hematemesis and hypovolemic shock. He failed to respond to resuscitation. Postmortem examination revealed a liver shown as above. What is the most likely cause of his massive gastrointestinal bleeding?
Acute gastritis
Aortoesophageal fistula
Esophageal varices
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Peptic ulcer
A 60 year old man was admitted with massive hematemesis and hypovolemic shock. He failed to respond to resuscitation. Postmortem examination revealed a liver shown as above. What is the most likely cause of his massive gastrointestinal bleeding?
Acute gastritis
Aortoesophageal fistula
Esophageal varices
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Peptic ulcer
What is this liver pathology? [1]
cirrhosis
What is this liver pathology? [1]
What is this liver pathology?
Chronic cholecystitis characterized by gallbladder wall thickening secondary to muscularis hypertrophy, with a dilated Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus and adjacent transmural lymphoid aggregate.
?
anterior pit
Which AP cells are which on the masson trichrome? [2]
Posterior Pit:
What are herring bodies and pituicytes in PP? [2]
- Herring bodies = focal axonal swellings packed with secretory granules
- Pituicyte = glial cells of the pituitary = nuclei that are visible
Label A of PP
Herring Bodies
Which adrenal cortex zone is this? [1]
What does it secrete? [1]
Zona fasciculata (tell by the lipid nature)
Secretes: glucorticoids such as cortisol
Which adrenal cortex zone is this? [1]
What does it secrete? [1]
Zona reticularis (dark staining)
secretes sex hormones: oestrogen and testosterone
Which adrenal cortex zone is this? [1]
What does it secrete? [1]
Zona glomerulosa: aldosterone
Label A-C
A: zona glomerulosa
B: zona reticularis
C: zona fasciculata
graLabel A
Central vein
How can you tell the difference between which cells secrete adrenaline and noradrenaline in adenal medulla? [2]
N: darker
A: lighter
Label A1 and A2 B C
A1: Follicles
A2: colloid (and a central mass of follicles)
B: Follicular epithelial cells
C: LCT
FYI
Normal Thyroid on left
Graves on right: Clear vacuoles in colloid next to epithelium where increased activity of epithelium has used colloid to make thyroid hormone
A: chief cells
B: oxyphil cells
Identify the clusters of chief cells (CC), which secrete PTH. Also, identify oxyphil cells (OC), which are larger and paler staining than the chief cells.
Where do you find alpha cells, beta cells and delta cells in islet of Langerhans?
Alpha: periperhy
Beta: Centre
Delta: scattered
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
- Primordial follicle
- Early Primary Follicle
- Late Primary Follicle
- Secondary Follicle
- Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
- Corpus luteum
- Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
single layer of squamous follicular cells
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
3 layers; Zona granulosa thickens & ZP develops
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
Label A-E of this tertiary follicle
A: zona pellcuida
B: corona radiata
C: Antrum
D: oocyte
E: zona granulosa
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
Increase n layers of zona granulosa
Thicker zona pellucida
Larger oocyte
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum - blood clot present
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum
7. Corpus albican
What type of follicle is this?
Explain why
3. 1. Primordial follicle
2. Early Primary Follicle
3. Late Primary Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle
5. Tertiary / Graffian Follicle
6. Corpus luteum - blood clot present
7. Corpus albican
Label A-E of the ovary
A: antral follicle
B: cortex
C HIlus
D: medulla
E: corpus luteum
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Graffian follicle.
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Corpus albicans
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Secondary Follicle
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Label A & B [2]
A: Zona pellucida
B: Follicular cells
A: theca cells / theca interna
B: zona pellucida
C: follicular antrum
D: cumulus cells
E: granulosa cells
Label A-D
A: granulosa cells
B: secondary oocyte
C: corona radiata
D: zona pellucida
What type of luteal cells are A & B? [2]
A: granulosa luteal cells
B: theca luteal cells
Label the phase of each uterine cycle the endometrium is in [4]
Corpus luteum:
Theca lutein cells. They synthesize progesterone.
Late proliferative - note extensive glands that do not appear saw-toothed and do not contain secretions in their lumen. Estradiol would predominate in this phase.
Graafian follicle
Atretic follicle
Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
Plasma membrane
Oestrogen & progesterone (corpus luteum)
Primary follicle
secretory (looks saw toothed)
What do cells of cervical neoplasm looked like compared to non-neoplastic cells? [1]
arked nuclear atypia and enlargement compared with surrounding intermediate cells
what level of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is depicted? [1]
CIN III: diffuse basal / parabasal type, no maturation difference across all layers
what level of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is depicted? [1]
CIN I: dysplastic cells are confined to the lower third of the epithelium
what level of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is depicted? [1]
CIN II: dysplastic cells are distributed in the upper third of the epithelium in addition to lower third
what level of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is depicted? [1]
CIN III
Which of A & B is fibroids and endometrial cancer? [1]
A: fibroids
B: endometrial cancer
What type of follicle is this? [1]
primordial
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Secondary
What type of follicle is this? [1]
Corpus albicans
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is this endometrial slide taken from? [1]
Menstrual
What are the name of these arteries depcited in the endometrium? [1]
spiral arteries
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is this endometrial slide taken from? [1]
proliferative stage
A baby was born at 27/40. She was given three doses of surfactant and ventilated. On day 4, a chest x-ray showed ‘solid’ lungs. The photomicrograph shows
- hyaline membrane disease
- normal lung for this age
- pneumonia
- pneumothorax
- pneumopericardium
- intraventricular haemmorhage
A baby was born at 27/40. She was given three doses of surfactant and ventilated. On day 4, a chest x-ray showed ‘solid’ lungs. The photomicrograph shows
1. hyaline membrane disease
2. normal lung for this age
3. pneumonia
4. pneumothorax
5. pneumopericardium
6. intraventricular haemmorhage
The photomicrograph shows
- normal prostate
- prostatic adenocarcinoma
- normal testis
- papillary serous tumour of the testis
- transitional cell carcinoma
The photomicrograph shows
1. normal prostate
2. prostatic adenocarcinoma
3. normal testis
4. papillary serous tumour of the testis
5. transitional cell carcinoma
A 24 year old man presented to his GP complaining of a lump in the right testis. The patient was referred to his local urology department and underwent a right orchidectomy. In
this histopathology specimen of the tissue, the arrow indicates
- seminomatous tumour cells
- non-seminomatous tumour cells
- lymphocytes
- papillary serous carcinoma
- Sertoli cell tumour cells
A 24 year old man presented to his GP complaining of a lump in the right testis. The patient was referred to his local urology department and underwent a right orchidectomy. In
this histopathology specimen of the tissue, the arrow indicates
1. seminomatous tumour cells
2. non-seminomatous tumour cells
3. lymphocytes
4. papillary serous carcinoma
5. Sertoli cell tumour cells
A 4 year old boy is brought to the physician by his mother due to a 5 week history of lethargy, a progressively enlarging left sided neck mass and a 5 day onset of unexplainable bilateral diffuse lower leg petechial hemorrhage. On exam, the left posterior cervical lymph node is enlarged and nontender to palpation. A lymph node biopsy shows a predominance of interfollicular infiltrate containing numerous blast cells and focal necrosis. Immunohistochemistry is positive for PAX5, CD10 and TdT. Upon further workup, which of the following translocations would be associated with a good prognosis?
t(12;21)
t(14;18)
t(8;14)
t(9;22)
A 4 year old boy is brought to the physician by his mother due to a 5 week history of lethargy, a progressively enlarging left sided neck mass and a 5 day onset of unexplainable bilateral diffuse lower leg petechial hemorrhage. On exam, the left posterior cervical lymph node is enlarged and nontender to palpation. A lymph node biopsy shows a predominance of interfollicular infiltrate containing numerous blast cells and focal necrosis. Immunohistochemistry is positive for PAX5, CD10 and TdT. Upon further workup, which of the following translocations would be associated with a good prognosis?
t(12;21) - pre B ALL
t(14;18)
t(8;14)
t(9;22)
Which hormone triggers the change from A to B?
LH
Oestrogen
FSH
Progesterone
Which hormone triggers the change from A to B?
LH
Oestrogen
FSH
Progesterone
Which of the following is oestrogen produced in?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is oestrogen produced in?
A
B - granulosa cells
C
D
E
The endometrial lesion in the image above is most likely associated with which of the following ovarian tumors?
Fibroma
Granulosa cell tumor
Immature teratoma
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
Yolk sac tumor
The endometrial lesion in the image above is most likely associated with which of the following ovarian tumors?
Fibroma
Granulosa cell tumor
Immature teratoma
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
Yolk sac tumor
What type of cancer is depicted in this histopathological slide?
Ovarian
Cervical
Endometrial
Vesical
What type of cancer is depicted in this histopathological slide?
Ovarian
Cervical
**Endometrial **
Vesical
Label A-C
A: Semineferous tubules
B: Tunica albuginea
C: Epididymis
The male urethra is lined by what type of cell? [1]
How does this change when it reaches the opening? [1]
Urethra is lined with transitional epithelium
But at its opening changes to a stratified squamous epithelium
Label A-F
Label A-C
What is wrong with this testis slide? [1]
Nothing: prepubertal
Which part of the male reproductive tract is this? [1]
epididymis
Which part of the male reproductive tract is this? [1]
Vas deferens
Which part of the male reproductive tract is this? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Name and descirbe the role of A [2]
Leydig cell; produces testosterone
Identify A, B, C, and D in this image of the germinal epithelium.
A = Leydig cell, B = spermatozoa, C = primary spermatocyte, D = spermatogonium
Name this structure
Ductus deferens
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
What is the stage of the large cells with pale cytoplasm?.
Primary spermocytes
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate - Note the concretion in the lumen.
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Sertoli cell. They form the blood-testis barrier through intercellular connections (tight junctions). They also secrete androgen-binding protein.
Myoid cells. They generate rhythmic contractions to propel spermatozoa through seminiferous tubules. They also synthesize collagen.
Leydig Cell. It synthesizes testosterone. Leutenizing hormone (LH) stimulates it to increase production of testosterone.
Sterocilia. Actin filaments provide structural support.
Prostate:
Basal cell. Its presence distinguishes benign glands from adenocarcinomas.
Prostatic concretion. Helps to identify the prostate.
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
Which part of the male reproductive tract does this histology slide depict? [1]
Seminal vesicle Note the foldings of the mucosa,
Prostate
Vas deferens
Epididymus
Seminiferous tubule
What does this histology depict?
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
What does this histology depict?
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
prominent myeloid hyperplasia without significant increase in blasts
This slide depicts which of the following
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
This slide depicts which of the following
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), too many immature lymphocytes are present in the bone marrow and the blood. Normally, these cells are relatively rare, but in ALL, they continuously multiply and are overproduced by the bone marrow, causing fatigue, anemia, fever, and bone pain due to the spread of these cells into the bone and joint surfaces. This slide shows many more immature lymphocytes than you would typically expect to see in a blood smear.
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is a form of leukemia caused by a chromosomal translocation known as the Philadelphia chromosome, which you will study in detail in Genetics. It is characterized by the unregulated growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow, resulting in the presence of large numbers of mature and immature granulocytes in both the bone marrow and the blood.
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Lymphocytes are small, mature without nucleoli, several smudged cells are present (high power).
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What does this slide depict?
A. Acute myelogenous leukemia
B. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Label A-D out of:
BPE
Adenocarcinoma
Normal
prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: PIN
D: BPH
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
A: adenocarcinoma
The malignant glands in the lower left show macronucleoli in contrast to the benign glands on the upper right side. However, one has to be cautious.
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
Adenocarcinoma
This focus of prostate cancer has all the essential histologic features - small crowded glands lined by a single layer of cells, nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia, prominent nucleoli, and intraluminal blue mucin. A benign gland is partially visible at the lower right side of the image. Contrast its nuclear size to those of adjacent malignant glands.
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
A: adenocarcinoma
Glomerulations are an architectural feature that are usually associated with carcinoma in a prostate needle biopsy. Similar structures may rarely be seen in benign prostate glands. They consist of an aggregate of tumor cells that projects into the lumen of a larger malignant gland creating a superficial resemblance to a renal glomerulus.
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
What does this slide depict?
A: adenocarcinoma
B: normal
C: prostatic intraepithelial (PIN)
D: BPH
TL: BPE
TR: Adenomcarcinoma
BL: Normal
BR: PIN
Put these in order of their gleason score [3]
C: Gleason score 3
B: Gleason score 2
A: Gleason score 1
BR; invasive ductal
BL: dcis
TR: invasive lobular
TL: insitu loblar
Which of the following best describes the slide
Stromal fibrosis
Cysts
Adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Cysts
(apocrine are more eosinophilic)
Which of the following best describes the slide
Stromal fibrosis
Cysts
Adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
Apocrine metaplasia
Label the folllowing with
Stromal fibrosis
Cysts
Adenosis
Apocrine metaplasia
What is the aroow pointing at
urethra
vagina
rectum
ureter
anal canal
urethra
These images show a childhood respiratory condition. They show
congenital lobar emphysema
a bronchogenic cyst
asthma
pneumonia
tuberculosis
congenital lobar emphysema
Corpus luteum
adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleeson Grade 5
adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleeson Grade 1
transitional cell carcinoma
BPE
stratified squamous carcinoma
adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleeson Grade 5
dysgerminoma
serous adenocarcinoma
mucinous adenocarcnoma
teratoma
granulosa cell tumour
dysgerminoma
serous adenocarcinoma
mucinous adenocarcnoma
teratoma
granulosa cell tumour
leimyosarcoma
leimyoma
fibroadenoma
adenocarcinoma of the breast
normal breast tissue
fibrosarcoma
leimyosarcoma
leimyoma
fibroadenoma
adenocarcinoma of the breast
normal breast tissue
fibrosarcoma
What is dyskaryosis? [4]
- Disproportionate nuclear enlargement
- Irregularity in form and contour
- Hyperchromatic
- Irregular chromatin condensation
- Abnormalities in number, form and size of nucleoli
- Multinucleation
Cervix
What is abnormal here? [1]
Squamous cell carcinoma
Normally the cervix is columnar epithelium.
What is this cell in the breast tissue? [1]
Plasma B cell: secrete IgA
What is this depicted?
Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Yolk sac tumour
Choriocarcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma
Teratoma
What is this depicted?
Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Yolk sac tumour
Choriocarcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma
Dysgerminoma
Ovarian cancers
Label A-C [3]
A: serous cystadenocarcinoma
B: mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
C: endometroid ovarian carcinoma
Label A-C of the prostate zones [3]
A: transitional zone
B: central zone
C: peripheral zone
Which is BPE and which is adenocarcinoma? [2]
BPE: Left
Adenocarcinoma: right
What type of male germ cell tumour is this? [1]
seminoma
What type of male germ cell tumour is this? [1]
seminoma: rich in lymphocytes
