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246 S2 > WS > Flashcards

WS Flashcards

1
Q

Weight stigma refers to

A
  • Neg. attitudes held towards OW/OB

- Subsequent prejudice/discrimination

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2
Q

In the UK, 2/3rds of adults are

A

OW/OB

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3
Q

1 in 5 children in _______ were ______

A

Reception

OW/OB

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4
Q

Common belief that shaming individuals about their weight will

A

Incentivise weight-loss

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5
Q

Causes of Obesity (6)

A 
Social influences
Food production 
Food consumption 
Individual activity 
Biology 
Environment
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6
Q

Weight stigma OCCURS because

A

Blame is attributed to the individual

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7
Q

Puhl and Heuer (2009) found strong attitudes towards OB people, such as

A

Unintelligent
Lazy
Undisciplined

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8
Q

Puhl and Heuer (2009) also found that weight stigma is found in various places, such as

A

Personal relationships
Workplace
Healthcare

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9
Q

Puhl, Andreyeva and Brwnell (2008)

Weight stigma is the second most

A

Common form of discrimination in women

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10
Q

Callahan (2013)

We apply social pressure on OW/OB individuals, as it is a common belief

A

Shaming will incentivise weight-loss

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11
Q

Puhl, Andreyeva and Brwnell (2008)

….We do this because it is commonly thought that shaming will incentivise weight loss

A

Apply social pressure

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12
Q

Which are the MAJOR studies to memorise? (5) (Non-reading)

A 
Harrison et al., 2016
Nickson et al., 2016
Schwartz et al., 2003
Schvey et al., 2011
DeJong, 1993
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13
Q

Who conducted the independent reading and what was the topic? (2)

A

Kyle + Puhl, 2014

People-first language

Phelan et al., 2015

Weight-stigma in healthcare

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14
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

What was the method

A

1/3 story books read to children about Alfie or Thomas

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15
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

How were the storybooks manipulated

A

Alfie was either overweight or healthy weight

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16
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

When Alfie was overweight, he was (3)

A
  1. Rated as having fewer friends
  2. Less likely to win race
  3. Only 1/43 chose to be friends with him
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17
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

When Alfie was HEALTHY WEIGHT (1)…

A

Ratings did not differ

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18
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

Conclusion: when forced to choose,

A

Children prefer to be friends with a healthy weight child

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19
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

What weight was Thomas?

A

Always healthy weight

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20
Q

Eisenberg (2006) WS impact on Children.

Weight-based teasing could predict (3)…

A
  1. Lower self-esteem
  2. Lower body image
  3. Higher depression
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21
Q

Puhl, Peterson & Leducicke (2013)

___% of boys enrolled in a weight_loss programme reported weight-based teasing

A

71%

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22
Q

Eaton et al., (2005) (WS on children)

Children who experienced weight-based teasing had a 2x…

A

Increased chance of contemplating suicide

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23
Q

Puhl et al., (2011)

How does weight-stigma affect a child’s education?

A

May avoid school

24
Q

Zavodny (2013)

How does weight-stigma affect a child’s education from the teachers stance?

A

Teachers rated performance as WORSE than it truly was

25
Q

Puhl et al., (2017)

Conducted a __________ study on the impact of WS in children

A

Longitudinal

26
Q

Puhl et al., (2017) conducted a ________ study over ____ years on the impact of WS

A

Longitudinal

15

27
Q

Puhl et al., (2017) (Longitudinal study on WS)

Weight-based teasing predicted…15 years later(3)

A
  1. Binge eating
  2. Weight gain
  3. Obesity
28
Q

Giehl (2010) found that weight status was a source of discrimination in the _________, especially for _______

A

Women

29
Q

Giehl and Nickson (2016) studied the impact of weight stigma in

A

Adults

30
Q

Nickson et al., (2016)

Faces were digitally morphed so that they were

A

OW or Non OW

31
Q

Nickson et al., (2016)

Participants were asked:

A

“Assume you need to hire someone for a CF or non CF role. Who would you pick?”

32
Q

Nickson et al., (2016)

Findings

Non CF:

A

Did not affect hiring

33
Q

Nickson et al., (2016)

Findings

Customer facing:

A

More likely to hire non-OW than OW

34
Q

Nickson et al., (2016)

Findings

The effect was greater for

A

FEMALE faces

35
Q

Phelan et al., (2015) conducted a study on weight-stigma in

A

Healthcare

36
Q

Phelan et al., (2015)

How might SETTING factors influence weight-stigma (2)

A
  • Clinical equipment too small

- Weight measurement/querying about physical activity

37
Q

Phelan et al., (2015)

Clinical equipment may be too small, which promotes…

A

Identity threat

38
Q

Foster et al., (2003)

Found that health care practitioners find OB people to be…

A

Weak-willed, sloppy, lazy

39
Q

Sabin, Marini and Nosek (2012)

Found a ______ _______ and ______ _______ bias in health-care practitioners

A

Strong

Implicit + Explicit

Anti-fat

40
Q

Schwartz et al., (2003)

Measured the attitudes of 389 Obesity professionals using the

A

IAT

41
Q

Schwartz et al., (2003)

Found a significant ______ _________ in healthcare professionals

A

Implicit anti-fat bias

42
Q

Schvey, Puhl + Brownwell (2014)

The physiological impacts of WS in OW/OB people include

A

Increased cortisol

Increased BP

43
Q

Mitchell et al., (2008)

Which health-preventative behaviours are OW/OB people LESS LIKELY to undergo?

A

Less likely to attend cancer screenings

44
Q

Schvey et al., (2011)

Studied WS on pro-health behaviours

What was the method

A

Stigmatising video or neutral video

Snack intake measured

45
Q

Schvey et al., (2011)

Studied WS on pro-health behaviours

It was found that the MORE…

A

Stigmatising the video was, the less pro-HB participants felt

Greater snack intake

46
Q

Puhl and Bromwell (2009)

The main cause of weight-stigma is

A

Attributing blame to the individual

47
Q

Puhl and Bromwell (2009)

OB/OW people are seen as lazy and undisciplined. This is a ______ belief

A

Persistent

48
Q

DeJong (1993)

High-schoolers rated a OW woman. They were told she was overweight due to

A

An EXTERNAL (e.g. disease) or INTERNAL (e.g. over-eating) cause

49
Q

DeJong (1993)

Findings (internal cause obesity)

A

Rated as more self indulgent/less disciplined

50
Q

DeJong (1993)

Findings (external cause)

A

Ratings did not differ

51
Q

Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education)

First-year medical students

A

Role-played with feedback

52
Q

Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education)

Negative STs reduced/increased after training

A

Reduced

53
Q

Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education)

At the 1 year follow up…

A

The effect diminished

54
Q

Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education)

The study is LIMITED because (2)

A
  1. Based on explicit attitudes

2. More research needed

55
Q

Kyle + Puhl (2014)

What is an example of disease-first language

A

Obese people

56
Q

Kyle + Puhl (2014)

What is an example of people-first language

A

Person with obesity

57
Q

Kyle + Puhl (2014)

People-first language is standard for…

A

Respectfully addressing the issue

246 S2 (18 decks)

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