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246 S2 > Time Orientation and Health > Flashcards

Time Orientation and Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is time orientation?

A

Tendency to be motivated by one temporal frame over another

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2
Q

Time orientation is developed and reinforced over time, becoming a…

A

Cognitive temporal bias

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3
Q

Time orientation is _______ and __________ over time, becoming a cognitive temporal bias

A

Developed

Reinforced

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4
Q

Time Orientation is split into three temporal frames…

A

Past
Present
Future

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5
Q

If you favour one temporal frame over another, it becomes a cognitive temporal bias that with chronic use becomes

A

A trait-like tendency

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6
Q

William James suggested that we have a d…

A

Different self every day

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7
Q

(William James) integration of temporally partitioned selves is a form of…

A

Self continuity

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8
Q

Two major contributors to Obesity epidemic

A

Physical inactivity

Unhealthy diet

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9
Q

Health behaviours are the prototypical…

A

Self-regulation task

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10
Q

Self continuity is integration of t..

A

Temporally partitioned selves

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11
Q

The ability to regulate ones behaviour is known as

A

Self regulation

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12
Q

Self regulation involves making _________ choices

A

Inter-temporal

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13
Q

3 behaviours that link time orientation to health?

A

1) Preventative health behaviours
2) Health-promoting behaviours
3) Health-risky behaviours

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14
Q

Cancer and diabetes screenings, sunscreen use are all examples of…

A

Preventative health behaviours

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15
Q

Healthy eating, exercise and stress management are all examples of…

A

Health promoting behaviours

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16
Q

What is an example of a preventative health behaviour

A

Sunscreen use

17
Q

What is a health risky behaviour example?

A

Smoking

18
Q

Health-risky behaviours are _______ time orientation and _____________ orientation

A

Present

Low future

19
Q

Health promoting behaviours are _____________ time orientation

A

Future

20
Q

Health behaviour intentions are inherently _________________

A

Future oriented

21
Q

Preventative health behaviours, health promoting behaviours and health risky behaviours are all…

A

Inter-temporal choices

22
Q

Hall, Fong and Sansone (2015)

Cross-sectional study of BMI

What was the aim?

A

Researchers wanted to map BMI onto time orientation

23
Q

Hall, Fong and Sansone (2015)

Cross-sectional study of BMI

Pps with high levels of future time orientation were…

A

Less likely to be obese

24
Q

Hall, Fong and Sansone (2015)

Cross-sectional study of BMI

What was thought to explain the relationship between time orientation and BMI?

A

Health behaviours

25
Q

One study suggested that non-smokers have more future time orientation. However, this explanation is limited by…

A

Cultural differences

26
Q

Smoking behaviours are influenced by…

A

A number of different factors

27
Q

Smoking behaviours are influenced by a number of different factors

For example, in China

A

Smokers are MORE likely to have FTO

28
Q

Temporal framing and Type 2 diabetes study (Orwell & Haggar, 2006)

What was found from high CFC individuals?

A

More sensitive to distant consequences

Both positive and negative

29
Q

Temporal framing/T2 Diabetes tudy. Which individuals were more likely to be…

More sensitive to distant consequences

Both positive and negative

A

High CDC (future-oriented)

30
Q

Why might time perspective be difficult to change?

A

Temporal bias that has developed over time through choice-reward framework

31
Q

Why might researchers try and sell to peoples individual time-perspectives rather than trying to change them?

A

TP’s are very difficult to change as they are a temporal bias

32
Q

One study looking at message framing for health messages

What was found for LOW CFC individuals (high in present) when the message was framed as immediate?

A

Intentions almost identical to those with high FT

33
Q

One study looking at message framing for health messages

What was found for LOW CFC individuals (high in present)

A

When message framed as immediate benefits

Intentions similar to high FT

34
Q

One study looking at message framing for health messages

In what condition did present-time oriented people’s intentions match high-future-oriented peoples?

A

When message was framed as having immediate benefits

35
Q

Don’t change the time orientation, change the _________

A

Message

36
Q

We naturally and non-naturally assign ________ categories to help add more ________ and _________ to the flow of our experiences

A

Temporal
Structure
Order

37
Q

Time orientation is primarily linked to health via

A

Its association with health behaviours

38
Q

Zimbardo and Boyd (1999) believed that if you favour one temporal frame over another, ti becomes a…

A

Cognitive temporal bias

246 S2 (18 decks)

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