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246 S2 > Time Perspective: Chronic Illness > Flashcards

Time Perspective: Chronic Illness Flashcards

1
Q

Procrastination is linked to physical health through a direct pathway: _______ and an indirect pathway: _______

A

High stress

Treatment delay

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2
Q

3 Factors that increase the risk of developing a chronic illness?

A

Genetic
Envirosocial
Behavioural

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3
Q

Physical inactivity and unhealthy diet are major contributors to…

A

Obesity

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4
Q

Living with chronic illness can impact self-perceptions how?

A

Who you were

Who you are now

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5
Q

Wilson and Ross (2001) said that we have a tendency to derogate…

A

Distant past selves

Praise recent past selves

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6
Q

Wilson and Ross (2001): We have a tendency to derogate ________, while praising __________

A

Distant past selves

Recent past selves

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7
Q

Who said that we have a tendency to derogate distant past selves and praise recent past selves?

A

Wilson and Ross

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8
Q

What did Wilson and Ross find in their study of students?

A

Students prompted to view beginning of term as further away rated past-self more negatively

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9
Q

We use temporal distance as a proxy for…

A

Growth and change

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10
Q

Do we perceive ourselves as improving or worsening over time?

A

Improving

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11
Q

Why do we put our close-past self down?

A

Feels too close for there to be room for change

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12
Q

How can temporal self-appraisal be manipulated?

A

By increasing psychological distance (told to view past self as farther in past)

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13
Q

Telling participants to view their past self as even farther in the past manipulates their…

A

Temporal self-appraisal

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14
Q

Temporal ________ can alter the perception of __________

A

Landmarks

Temporal landscape

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15
Q

How do temporal landmarks alter the perception of the temporal landscape?

A

Divide timeframes up for us

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16
Q

Dividing timeframes up via temporal landmarks makes us feel a greater amount of…

A

Psychological distance

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17
Q

Temporally extended selves are perceived as more distant when an intervening landmark has been made…

A

Salient

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18
Q

One example of a temporal landmark

A

You before and after a major birthday

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19
Q

Chronic illness provides a context of continuity and challenge to the ___________

A

Self system

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20
Q

You before and after a major birthday is an example of

A

A temporal landmark

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21
Q

____________ provides a context of continuity and challenge to the self system

A

Chronic illness

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22
Q

Two chronic illness examples

A

Arthritis

IBD

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23
Q

What is the indirect pathway in which Procrastination is linked to poor health…

A

Treatment delay

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24
Q

A study of arthritis and IBD found that induction of different time perspectives was…

A

Unsuccessful in either chronic illness group

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25
Q

Time perspective study of IBD/Arthritis

What was the distant condition
What was the recent condition?

A

Think v far back - like 6 months ago

Think back to recent past - like 6 months ago

26
Q

Time perspective study of IBD/Arthritis
Pps were asked to either:

Think v far back - like 6 months ago
Think back to recent past - like 6 months ago

What was this designed to induce?

A

Differences in perceived temporal distance

27
Q

Time perspective study of IBD/Arthritis

Thinking about the past in those with chronic illness isn’t sensitive to change. Why?

A

Different self-system

Lot of background noise

28
Q

Time perspective study of IBD/Arthritis

Found that temporal landmark theory _________, whereas…

A

Worked

Temporal self-appraisal does not work

29
Q

Which 3 factors affect FUTURE SELF-RATED HEALTH?

A
  1. Contextual
  2. Conceptualisation of health
  3. Appraisal of health
30
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

What did this study examine?

A

How the Big 5 were related to FSRH

31
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

What did this study find regarding fatigue?

A

Explained 11% and 17% of FSRH

32
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

Which two samples did this study use

A

Arthritis

IBD

33
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

Agreeable and Neuroticism explained…

A

Additional variance in FSRH

34
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

_______ levels explained why Agreeableness and Neuroticism were linked to FSRH.

A

Optimism

35
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

Which two factors of the FFM were linked to FSRH?

A

Agreeableness

Neuroticism

36
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health?

What explained why Agreeableness and Neuroticism were linked to FSRH?

A

Optimism

37
Q

Sirois (2015) - Who looks forward to better health

If you’re high in agreeableness, you tend to…

A

See your health as getting better in the future

38
Q

Time Perspective & Management of Type 2 Diabetes (Hall, 2012)

This study examined the influence of TP on two weight-management strategies….

A

Physical activity

Dietary choice

39
Q

Time Perspective & Management of Type 2 Diabetes (Hall, 2012)

Individuals with a future-oriented TP reported…

A

More physical activity

Less frequent fatty food choices

40
Q

Time Perspective & Management of Type 2 Diabetes (Hall, 2012)

A more present-time orientation may be linked to

A

Lower weight-management strategies

41
Q

Is time perspective important in managing chronic illness?

A

Yes

42
Q

Why is time perspective important in managing chronic illness?

A

Associated with greater intention to engage in + health behaviours

43
Q

Procrastination is associated with ______ conscientiousness and ________ agreeableness

A

LOW

LOW

44
Q

Procrastination is associated with high agreeableness

True or false

A

False

45
Q

Procrastination is associated with high conscientiousness

True or false

A

False

46
Q

Procrastination is associated with low conscientiousness

True or false

A

True

47
Q

Procrastination associated with low Conscientiousness and Agreeableness, which are both linked to…

A

Poor cardiovascular health

48
Q

Poor _________ may increase vulnerability in individuals with HT/CVD

A

Coping

49
Q

Procrastination and ________ are two key factors in the exacerbation of poor health

A

Stress

50
Q

“Is procrastination a vulnerability factor for HT and CVD?” study

Prediction was that those with poor heart health would show…

A

Higher procrastination scores

51
Q

“Is procrastination a vulnerability factor for HT and CVD?” study

What was found?

A

People w poor heart health procrastinated more

52
Q

“Is procrastination a vulnerability factor for HT and CVD?” study

Who conducted this study?

A

Sirois 2015

53
Q

“Is procrastination a vulnerability factor for HT and CVD?” study

For every 1 point increase in procrastination, the risk of developing HD increased by…

A

63%

54
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

Trait procrastination leads to maladaptive coping, which leads to…

A

Perceived stress

Reduced Health Behaviours

55
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

This model posits that procrastination promotes a tendency to cope with stress by (2)

A

a) Disengaging behaviourally

b) Consumed with self-blame rather than constructive action

56
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

This model posits that procrastination promotes a tendency to cope with stress by disengaging behaviourally and consuming oneself with self-blame rather than ____________

A

Constructive action

57
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

This model posits that procrastination promotes a tendency to cope with stress by disengaging behaviourally and consuming oneself with ________ rather than constructive action

A

Self blame

58
Q

This model posits that procrastination promotes a tendency to cope with stress by disengaging behaviourally and consuming oneself with self-blame rather than constructive action

A

Extension of the procrastination-health model

59
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

This model posited that the tendency to self-blame/disengage would be more pronounced in the context of

A

HT/CVD

60
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

It was expected that the associations of procrastination with two maladaptive coping strategies would be stronger in ________ than _______

A

HT/CVD patients

Controls

61
Q

An Extension of the Procrastination-Health Model

What are the two ‘maladaptive coping strategies’

A

Behavioural disengagement

Self-blame

62
Q

Expectations of future health are influenced mainly by _______ and to a lesser extent __________

A

Fatigue

Personality factors

246 S2 (18 decks)

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