SES Flashcards
UK adults/children from lower SES groups are…
2x more likely to become Obese
Obesity rates for children in reception show a gradient from…
Least deprived to most deprived
How is SES associated with fruit and vegetable intake?
Low SES = low fruit/veg intake
What food group do low SES individuals mostly consume?
High fat foods
Greater screen time watching in low SES groups acts as…
A proxy for physical inactivity
Which SES group watches the most screen time?
Low SES
In terms of weight-control attempts, which social group is most likely to engage in weight-control behaviours?
High SES
In a survey of weight control attempts, which group was:
- Less likely to be trying to lose weight
- Less engaged in weight-control behaviours
- Less engaged in restrictive habits
- More likely to have greater BW misperceptions
Low SES
More likely to have greater BW misperceptions (less likely to describe themselves as overweight)
Low SES
If you’re from a low SES group with a higher prevalence of obesity…
This shapes your environment and becomes a social norm
Which social group was more likely to use a slimming club?
Higher SES groups
Why might a slimming club be effective for weight loss?
Regular weight monitoring
Which SES group was more likely to use weight control medication?
LOW SES
Per calorie, nutrient rich foods are more expensive compared to…
Less nutrient rich
Nutrient rich foods are more expensive per…
Calorie
Why might low SES groups struggle to afford healthy foods
Fewer financial resources
Qualitative data re. healthy food prices found low SES pps reported…
Finding fruit/veg v expensive
How might proximal environment influence obesity?
More fast food outlets in deprived areas
How might more fast food outlets impact eating behaviours?
More accessible
Shaping environment
What is the life-history theory?
Low SES adapt to deprived environment
Eat when food is present
May impact appetite control in food-rich environment
Low SES adapt to deprived environment & eat as much as they can when food IS present. What theory is this?
Life-history theory
Life-history theory
Body adapts to…
Food-scarce environment
Life-history theory
Body adapts and overrides feelings of…
Satiety
What is satiety
Fullness
Food scarcity and energy regulation study
Method
Pps turned up in fasted state
Randomly given sprite or water
Snacks after 10 mins
Intake measured
Food scarcity and energy regulation study
Prediction
After sprite, high SES would feel fuller and eat fewer cookies
Low SES wouldn’t accept fullness signals
Food scarcity and energy regulation study
Findings
High SES: fewer cookies after sprite than water
Low SES: same amount of cookies after sprite than water
Low SES may not be very responsive to their internal…
Appetite signals
SES and stress (monopoly study)
Method
‘High SES’ = start with more money etc
Low SES = start with less money
SES and stress (monopoly study)
How did the high SES group feel (emotion/physiology)
More pride/powerfulness
Lower heart rate
SES and stress (monopoly study)
Findings for high SES group
Consumed less kcal
What is the social comparison theory?
We make DOWNWARD or UPWARD social comparisons?
What are downwards social comparisons?
Comparing selves to the less fortunate
What are upwards comparisons
Comparing to the more successful
What can upwards comparisons result in:
Inspiration or discomfort
increased drive to seek resources (e.g. food/weight-gain)
How might low SES groups relate to upwards social comparisons?
Perceived deprivation = compensate with increased food intake
Support for the ‘perceived deprivation = more food’ theory comes from a study that manipulated ________ and how?
Perceived wealth
Scenario about working for a company, manipulated bonuses
Experiment that manipulated perceived wealth (not the monopoly one) found that…
Deprived group = greater selected portion
Experiment that manipulated perceived wealth found that the deprived group selected larger portions, even after controlling for…
Negative mood
PRD stands for
Perceived relative deprivation
Another study manipulated PRD using a….
Ladder to represent the social ladder
Another study manipulated PRD using a ladder
Pps asked to imagine they were at bottom or top, and then…
Snack food intake recorded
Ego depletion theory
Self-regulation requires…
Energy
More worries throughout the day may result in depleted…
Cognitive resources
More worries throughout the day may result in depleted cognitive resources, which in turn results in…
Less self-regulation
What is the ego depletion theory
Poverty –> difficult decisions/worries –> depletes cog. resources –> less self regulation
Label may prompt…
Self-regulation
SES and food labels…
What was the external cue
The food label
SES and food labels…
What was the location of the study?
Cinema
SES and food labels…
What was the manipulation?
Food label (external cue) vs no food label
SES and food labels cinema study…
High SES?
Ate the same no matter what
SES and food labels cinema study…
Low SES?
More popcorn (if they were concerned about weight) when there was no label
Invitations sent for a commercial weight loss programme
Patients in the LEAST deprived areas are…
More likely to enrol
8.5% vs 4.9%
