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246 S2 > Health 2 > Flashcards

Health 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cognitions are m…

A

Modifiable determinants of behaviour

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2
Q

Cognitions are modifiable determinants of behaviour, and so give rise to

A

Health behaviours

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3
Q

Cognitions are modifiable determinants of behaviour, so are therefore t….

A

Targets of intervention

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4
Q

Changed cognitions =

A

Changed behaviour

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5
Q

Volitional =

A

Voluntary/free will

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6
Q

The Rubicon Model of Action Phases (Heckhausen, 2007) has 4 stages…

A

2 motivational

2 volitional

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7
Q

Volitional phases are pre…

A

Actional

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8
Q

Motivational phases are pre…

A

Decisional

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9
Q

Quinn (2001) cycle helmet study drew from the theory…

A

Of planned behaviour

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10
Q

Quinn (2001) cycle helmet study

Intentions were more ______ in the ________!

A

Positive

Intervention group

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11
Q

Hardeman (2002) conducted a review of TPB health behaviour intentions, testing the gap between…

A

Intention

Behaviour

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12
Q

Hardeman (2002) tested the behaviour-intention gap. There were only 12 TPB based interventions.

What effects were found?

A

Small to medium effects

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13
Q

Three key problems with testing the intention-behaviour gap with TPB

A
  1. Lack of initial studies
  2. How can TPB cognitions be changed
  3. Lack of assessment on mediators of TPB cognitions
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14
Q

Webb & Sheerans meta-analsyis (2002)

Found that a med…

A

Medium to large change in intention = small to medium change in behaviour

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15
Q

TPB initially was very good at predicting behaviour. However, we are left with a gap. This is known as the…

A

Intention-behaviour gap

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16
Q

Sheeran (2002) looked at the intention behaviour gap, and identified 4 types of people

A

(1) Inclined actor
(2) Inclined abstainer
(3) Disinclined actor
(4) Disinclined abstainer

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17
Q

An inclined abstainer has

A

Good intentions

Does not follow through

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18
Q

Sheeran (2002)

53% of people who intend to act

A

Will act

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19
Q

Sheeran (2002)

47% of people who intend to act

A

Will not act

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20
Q

A disinclined actor has

A

Low intentions

Does change behaviour

21
Q

A disinclined abstainer

A

Is not inclined

Does not act

22
Q

Sheeran (2002)

93% of people who do NOT intend to act

A

Will not act

23
Q

We can overcome the intention-behaviour gap by using…

A

Implementation intentions

24
Q

Implementation intentions are broken down into (2)

A

Goal intentions

Implementation intentions

25
Q

Goal intentions, e.g.

A

I intend to do X

26
Q

Implementation intentions, e.g.

A

I intend to do X when situation Y is encountered

27
Q

Stage-matched interventions posit

A

Match interventions to stage of change

28
Q

Stage-matched interventions believe there is no point making plans with someone no-where near the action planning stage (e.g. at a _________________ stage)

A

Pre-contemplation

29
Q

This intervention believes that there is no point using one intervention to suit everyone as everyone is at different stages

A

Stage-matched

30
Q

Stage matched intervention believes

The majority of at-risk populations are not

A

Prepared for action

31
Q

Staged-matched interventions believe that at-risk populations are not prepared for action, and so will not be affected by

A

Traditional action-oriented prevention programmes

32
Q

An example of a stage-matched intervention is

A

Tailoring

33
Q

(SM interventions)

Can’t use same intervention for everyone as people have different c…

A

Cognitive profiles

34
Q

(SM interventions - Tailoring)

One study showed that tailoring was…

A

More effective in changing behaviour

35
Q

(SM interventions - Tailoring)

Another meta-analysis looked at 37

A

Randomised control trials

36
Q

(SM interventions - Tailoring)

Another meta-analysis found there was

A

Limited evidence for effectiveness of SM interventions for:

a) Behaviour change
b) Facilitating stage progression

37
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

What is the predictive success like

A

Poor

Explain

38
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

Alternative predictors of behaviour

A
  1. Extension of models

2. Neglect of important conditions

39
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

What else might influence behaviour (b)?

A

Biopsychosocial influences

40
Q

Biopsychosocial influences, i.e.

A

Behaviours involved reward-circuit

41
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

Identifies cognitive targets but…

A

Doesn’t specify how to change

42
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

There could be a ___________ to risky behaviours?!

A

Survival function

43
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

SCMs too ______ to explain all health behaviour

A

Simple

44
Q

Social cognition models: A critique

Some single mothers use smoking as a

A

Coping behaviour

Should we really change this?

45
Q

Main limitations of the TPB

  1. There is significant variation across ___________, and __________ differ in their _____________
A

Behaviours

Components

Predictive value

46
Q

Main limitations of the TPB

TPB is largely more successful in predicting behaviours under……

A

Volitional control

47
Q

Main limitations of the TPB

TPB is less successful with predicting complex …. and

A

Risk behaviours

With younger people

48
Q

Main limitations of the TPB

However, addition of other predictive variables ….

A

Increases predictive power

49
Q

Falko, Presseau & Araujo-Soares (2014) believe it is time to

A

Retire the TPB

246 S2 (18 decks)

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