wk 9 SP Flashcards

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1
Q

frequency (hertz) alters which perceptual phenomenon

A

Pitch

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2
Q

Amplitude (or intensity) of sound alters which perceptual phenomenon

A

Loudness (decibels)

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3
Q

Complexity of sound alters which perceptual phenomenon

A

Timbre ( quality of sound)

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4
Q

Hertz

A

the number of waves
per second

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5
Q
  • High frequency – ________ wavelength
A

shorter

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6
Q
  • Typical human hearing range
A

20 - 20,000 Hz

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7
Q

Infrasound = _____ frequency

Ultrasound = _______ frequency

A

low

high

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8
Q

Fundamental
frequency
is

A

is the wavelength of the
longest component
This determines the
pitch of the sound

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9
Q

The harmonics
determine the

A

timbre,
the sound quality

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10
Q

name of the three ossicles of the ear

A

Malleus (attached to eardrum)
Incus
Stapes (connected to oval window)

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11
Q

How do hair cells in ear operate

A

change their firing rate when they are bent.(bending opens ion channels) are vulnerable to excessive noise

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12
Q

hair cells are sensitive to ________ _____meters of movement

A

10 pico

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13
Q

Hair cells are _____, meaning respond preferentially to a particular frequency

A

Tonotopic

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14
Q

Tonotopic cortical organisation

A

Tonotopic organisation is maintained as far as primary
auditory cortex in the temporal lobe
* Neurones next to one another respond to neighbouring
frequencies

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15
Q

Auditory Transduction process

+ diff energy changes

A

Air pressure changes (kinetic)
* Vibration of eardrum -> middle ear -> oval
window (mechanical)
* Cochlear fluid flows (kinetic)
* Hair cells bend (mechanical)
* Auditory nerve fires (neural)

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16
Q

Pitch depends on frequency
* Loudness depends on amplitude
BUT

A

they are not independent

more intense low frequency sounds are perceived as lower pitch

perception of loudness affected by frequency

17
Q

space perception (sound)

binaural space perception

A

interaural intensity differences as head gets in the way of one ear more

  • Interaural time differences – up to 0.07 seconds
18
Q

auditory scene analysis

Grouped into streams by proximity
(closeness) in

A

space
- time
- frequency

19
Q
A