RM qual 4 Flashcards

1
Q

typically standardised measuring instruments in surveys

A

what it is and how it is administered is clear

normative data often provided for comparison

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2
Q

purposes of surveys

A

Info gathering: Exploratory, Descriptive

Theory testing and building:
Explanatory, predictive.

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3
Q

when to design a new questionnairre?

A

no established tool to measure phenomena exst

when reliability or validity of established tool is in doubt

avoid jangles (diff labels of same thing)

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4
Q

General design principles of questionnaires

A
  • keep it short
    -make sure its readable
  • provide appropriate response options
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5
Q

what to consider about the order of a survey when constructing

A
  • can be useful to divide qs by topic, q type
  • Screening questions - is p.p eligible
  • Start w ez and engaging questions
  • USe funneling/branching questions if appropriate
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6
Q

pros of open questions

A

provide more detail
rich data
don’t assume

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7
Q

cons of open qs

A

longer and more difficult to complete

difficult to analyse

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8
Q

pros of closed qs

A

quick
easy to analyse
standardised responses

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9
Q

cons of closed qs

A

can impose assumptions
oversimplify complex issues

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10
Q

closed questions are more useful for which kinds of work

A

explanatory or predictive

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11
Q

what to consider when writing questions

A

don’t use negative language

don’t use double negatives

use neutral qs. don’t use emotive language

avoid using leading qs

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12
Q

response aquiescence

A

tendency to agree rather than disagree
includes both positively and negatively worded questions

to pick this up, spot contradictions of positively and negative question agreements

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13
Q

Dichotomous question

A

2 response options

simplest

e.g yes or no

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14
Q

Multichotomous questions

A

either give one response out of multiple options

or multiple responses

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15
Q

Likert scales

A

Multi-point responses
aim to ensure equal spacing of response options
agree vs disagree

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16
Q

things to take into consideration when using likert scales

A

-response acquiescence
-potential for double negatives
-verbal responses for all, or only for anchors? (e.g have strongly agree, disagree and have numbers in between OR all just verbal)
-inclusion of neutral response?

17
Q

non verbal rating scale

A

useful with chilren or cognitively impaired indivs
-e.g. point to face that shows your answer
- sometimes labels are necessary

18
Q

Ranking scales

A

measure relative importance of several items

e.g. rank the anxiety you experience in the following situations, 1 being highest …

19
Q

Graphic rating scale

A

p.p mark along a continuous line which is anchored at each end

Record score by measuring where line is marked

20
Q

semantic differential scales

A

most indirect measurement of attitude

(doesn’t assume attitudes as a cognitive belief)

Respondants indicate thoughts and feelings by marking a response on a scale between two opposite bipolar adjectives

21
Q

questionnaire response rates are maximised by

A
  • keeping em short
    -simple + clear
  • pre-paid envolope
    -send a reminder (after one or 2 weeks)
    -offering an incentive
22
Q

number of response options

too little will result in _____

too many will result in ____ _______

A

low sensitivity

low reliability

23
Q

psychometrics

includes measurement of

A

science of measuring psychological constructs

measurements of personality, cognitive ability, attitudes, knowledge, educational attainments

24
Q

Quality is assessed using two criteria

reliability

A

Temporal consistency (stable over time or over conditions)

Internal consistency ( extent to which tool is measuring the construct were interested in)

25
what is Construct validity
is the construct we are trying to measure valid? Does it actually exist itself?
26
how is construct validity supported
supported by cumulative research evidence over time each piece establishing an element of reliability/validity together, supporting evidence of construct itself
27
in the short term, how can construct validity be assessed
Convergent validity: correlates with tests of related constructs Discriminant validity: doesn't correlate with different constructs
28
what are psychometric tests what are some types
standardised questionnaires/tests designed to measure particular traits or abilities items published as an inventory -personality inventories - cog ability tests - Measure of mental health status
29
comment on validity and reliability of psychometric tests
reliability established validity sometimes questionable
30