Wk 3 Urologic Cancers

Question 1

Less than 5% of cancers are __ cancers

Answer 1

kidney

Question 2

Of all kidney cancers, 85% are what type?

Answer 2

renal cell carcinomas

Question 3

What is the number 1 risk factor for kidney cancer?

Answer 3

Smoking

Question 4

What is the number 2 risk factor for kidney cancer?

Answer 4

Obesity

Question 5

What are three other risk factors for kidney cancer?

Answer 5

Increased age
Male
Genetics

Question 6

What is the prognosis if metastasized?

Answer 6

5 year survival rate is 10%

Question 7

What is the problem with kidney cancers?

Answer 7

They are typically not diagnosed until they have metastasized

Question 8

There are no __ __ with renal cell carcinoma

Answer 8

early manifestations

Question 9

What are three late manifestations of renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 9

CVA (costovertebral angle) tenderness
Hematuria
Palpable abdominal mass

Question 10

What rib forms the CV angle?

Answer 10

12th rib in the spine

Question 11

If the renal cell carcinoma has metastasized to the lungs or bone, what symptoms might they experience?

Answer 11

Dsypnea, coughing, bone pain

Question 12

Renal cell carcinoma is typically resistant to __

Answer 12

chemotherapy

Question 13

What is often the treatment for renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 13

Surgery to remove affected kidney

Question 14

What is the fourth most common cancer in men?

Answer 14

Bladder cancer

Question 15

90% of bladder cancers are __ __

Answer 15

urothelial carcinoma (lining of the bladder)

Question 16

What is the number 1 risk factor for bladder cancer?

Answer 16

Smoking

Question 17

What are three other risk factors for bladder cancer?

Answer 17

Male
Occupations with exposure to toxins
Low fluid intake

Question 18

How does occupation and low fluid intake influence bladder cancer?

Answer 18

Toxins travel to bladder to be excreted and sit there

Question 19

Early manifestation of bladder cancer

Answer 19

hematuria on UA

Question 20

Late manifestations of bladder cancer (3)

Answer 20

Polyuria
Overactive bladder/urgency
Dysuria

Question 21

Is chemotherapy effective for bladder cancer?

Answer 21

Depends on the stae

Question 22

What is the treatment for stage 1 bladder cancer?

Answer 22

Intravesical chemotherapy

Question 23

What is the treatment for advanced stages of bladder cancer?

Answer 23

Systemic chemotherapy

Question 24

What is intravesical therapy for bladder cancer?

Answer 24

live BCG vaccine

Question 25

How is the BCG vaccine given?

Answer 25

Weekly for 6-12 weeks

Question 26

What is the MOA of the BCG vaccine?

Answer 26

Stimulates local inflammatory response

Question 27

What are adverse effects of the BCG vaccine?

Answer 27

Bladder irritation (UTI symptoms)
Risk of systemic infection

Question 28

What are the patient instructions for BCG vaccine administration?

Answer 28

1) Empty bladder
2) Let vaccine dwell for 2 hours in bladder
3) Turn q 15 mins so vaccine will touch all parts of the bladder

Question 29

What are safety precautions for the BCG vaccine?

Answer 29

Because it is a live vaccine don’t give to someone with an already compromised immune system, such as HIV
Disinfect urine 6 hours after treatment

Question 30

What do we use to disinfection urine?

Answer 30

Bleach