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Pathopharmacology I > Wk 2 Other Antibiotics (cell wall) > Flashcards

Wk 2 Other Antibiotics (cell wall) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of antibiotic is vancomycin?

A

glycopeptide antibiotic

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2
Q

What is the MOA of vancomycin?

A

destroys by binding to the bacterial cell wall and provides immediate inhibition of cell wall synthesis and causes death

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3
Q

Vancomycin does not cause __

A

autolysis

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4
Q

Vancomycin only works on gram-__ infections

A

positive

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5
Q

Vancomycin does work against which resistant organisms?

A

MRSA and PCN resistant pneumococcus

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6
Q

What two conditions is oral vancomycin given to treat?

A

C diff and pseudomembranous colitis

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7
Q

Vancomycin doesn’t work for __ infections

A

CNS

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8
Q

The kidneys do not __ vancomycin

A

eliminate

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9
Q

What change in dose of vancomycin for a patient who has kidney dysfunction?

A

decrease dose

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10
Q

How do we measure how your kidneys are able to break down and metabolize a drug?

A

Peak and trough levels

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11
Q

About when would you draw a peak level for vancomycin?

A

6 hours

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12
Q

When should you get a trough level?

A

immediately before the next dose

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13
Q

What is a trough level?

A

Lowest dose of abx circulating in the blood

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14
Q

What two lab tests in addition to a peak and trough do we use to monitor kidney processing of vancomycin

A

BUN and creatinine

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15
Q

Peak and trough levels are typically ordered for __ vancomycin, not __

A

IV not oral

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16
Q

__ with high levels of vancomycin is an adverse effect

A

Ototoxicity

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17
Q

What is ototoxicity?

A

Drug-induced hearing or balance problems

18
Q

Why do we need to monitor platelets in a patient taking vacomycin?

A

It causes immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Platelets adhere to the vancomycin and don’t work properly

19
Q

Vancomycin is __

A

Nephrotoxic

20
Q

What type of drug specifically should you be careful of if a patient is also taking vancomycin?

A

Neuromuscular blockades (paralyzers)

21
Q

What side effect are we most concerned about when it comes to vancomycin?

A

red man syndrome

22
Q

What is red man syndrome?

A

Flushing, rash (on trunk), pruritus, urticaria, tachycardia, hypotension

23
Q

Red man syndrome is more commonly associated with __ __

A

rapid infusion

24
Q

When administering vancomycin, you should infuse…

A

slowly over a long period of time

25
Q

If a patient starts to develop red man syndrome after infusing with vancomycin, what should you do?

A

Notify HCP and slow the infusion down

26
Q

What type of antibiotic is aztreonam?

A

monobactam

27
Q

What is aztreonam most commonly used for?

A

gram-negative bacteria

28
Q

What is the MOA of aztreonam?

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis and causes cell lysis

29
Q

What routes is aztreonam given?

A

IV and IM

30
Q

Aztreonam can cross the…

A

blood brain barrier and work on CNS infections

31
Q

What are the two most common side effects of aztreonam?

A

Thrombophlebitis/pain at injection site

32
Q

If you can’t give a patient cephalosporins or penicillins because of cross sensitivity, what can you give them?

A

Aztreonam

33
Q

What type of drug is televancin?

A

Glycopeptide antibiotic

34
Q

What is the MOA of televancin?

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

35
Q

What route is televancin?

A

IV only

36
Q

What is televancin typically used for?

A

gram-positive skin infections, such as MRSA

37
Q

What are some adverse effects of televancin? (3)

A

Renal toxicity
Infusion-related reactions
Prolonged QT interval

38
Q

What type of drug is telicoplanin?

A

Semisynthetic glycopeptide

39
Q

What is the MOA of telicoplanin?

A

Inhibits peptidoglycan polymerization, results in inhibition of cell wall synthesis and results in cell death

40
Q

Telicoplanin can be given PO to treat what two conditions?

A

C diff and pseudomembranous colitis

41
Q

Telicoplanin has a very long

A

half-life

42
Q

What type of bacteria does telicoplanin treat?

A

gram-positive infections like MRSA and enterococcus

Pathopharmacology I (33 decks)

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