Wine Faults Flashcards
Wine fault described as smelling like “burnt matches”
Sulfur dioxide
Substance that can smell like onions or garlic
Mercaptan
Wine fault described as smelling like “rotten eggs”
Hydrogen sulfide
Wine fault that smells of nail polish remover
Ethyl Acetate
Smells like rancid butter
Butyric acid
Caused by 2,4,6-Trichloranisole
Cork Taint
Bacteria that can turn wine into vinegar
Acetobacter
Provides “oxidized” aromas to Sherry
Acetaldehydes
Can lead to aromas such as: Band-Aid/”Horsey”
Brett (Brettanomyces)
Term used for a “cooked” or “baked” aroma
Maderized
Two possible causes of geranium fault
Incomplete mlf
Improper breakdown of sorbic acid
Conditions that lack oxygen
Reduction/Reductive
What aroma is associated with 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (TCA)?
Dank Basement
Mold/Must
Wet Carboard
Muted/Less Flavorful (Milder Cases)
What causes 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole?
A mold that can grow on and in the bark of the cork oak tree, on the winemaking implements, or even in the winery itself – hence Corked/Cork Taint
Can a screw cap wine be corked?
Yes, cork taint can saturate any part of a winery’s environment and can be transferred
What percentage of wine bottles are affected by cork taint?
1-8%
What odors are derived from sulfur compounds?
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Mercaptan
What affect does a wine with high concentrations of Sulfur Dioxide have?
Aroma of burnt matches
Burning sensation in the throat and nose
What increases the effect of Sulfur Dioxide?
pH/Acid – the more acidic the wine the more pronounced the effect
What aroma does Hydrogen Sulfide have?
Rotten Eggs
What causes Hydrogen Sulfide?
When a sulfur-rich wine sits too long in the complete absence of oxygen as in a barrel/tank resting with a large amount of yeast sediment or even possibly with screwcaps which are impervious to oxygen
What’s another name for Mercaptan?
Ethyl Mercaptan
What aroma does Mercaptan impart?
Garlic/Onions
What are the odors resulting from the action of bacteria?
Acetic acid Butryic acid Lactic acid Ethyl acetate Geranium
What is Acetobacter?
Type of bacteria that may cause wine spoilage in the presence of oxygen by producing acetic acid
What is the aroma associated with Acetic Acid?
Vinegar
When is the term ascensence used?
To refer to a fault evidenced in a wine with discernible volatile acidity accompanied by a high level of ethyl acetate
What aroma is associated with Butyric Acid?
Rancid Butter or Spoiled Cheese
What aroma is associated with Lactic Acid?
Sauerkraut or a Goat
What aroma is associated with Geranium fault?
Odor of crushed geranium leaves
What is Brett?
Brettanomyces; member of the yeast family and can infect a winery providing a sweaty or horsey odor or deadening the primary flavors
What aromas are associated with Brett?
Horsey
Sweaty
Band Aid
Medicinal
What odor is associated with a Green fault?
Odor of Leaves
What causes a Green fault?
Use of immature (underripe) grapes
What effects are associated with Oxidation?
Nutty, Caramelized aroma
Lack of fruit character
Browning
What aroma is associated with a Maderized wine?
Cooked or baked odor
What causes a moldy aroma?
Using moldy grapes or barrels
What causes a rubbery aroma?
Very low acid wines or excess sulfur
What odor is associated with a stemmy wine?
Bitter, green odor of grape stems
What else can cause a wet cardboard aroma other than cork taint?
Misuse of filter pads or filtering materials
What aroma is associated with Reductive wines?
Rotten eggs Garlic Struck matches Cabbage Burnt rubber
