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CSW/HBSC > France > Flashcards

France Flashcards

1
Q

Most widely planted white grape in France

A

Ugni Blanc (Trebbiano Toscano)

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2
Q

Most widely planted red grape in France

A

Merlot

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3
Q

Three levels of the French wine “quality pyramid”

A

AOC/AOP
Vin de Pays (IGP/PGI)
Vin (formerly “table wine”)

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4
Q

Region covered by the Pays d’Oc IGP

A

The western part of the French Mediterranean Coast, including Languedoc and Roussillon

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5
Q

Region covered by the Val de Loire IGP

A

The Loire Vally and Chablis

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6
Q

Region covered by the Comtes Rhodaniens IGP

A

Northern Rhone Valley and Savoie

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7
Q

Region covered by the Mediterranee IGP

A

Southeast France, including the Rhone Valley and Provence

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8
Q

Region covered by the Comte Tolosan IGP

A

Southwest France

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9
Q

Region covered by the L’Atlantique IGP

A

Bordeaux, Dordogne, and Charentais

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10
Q

Region covered by the Terres du Midi IGP

A

(For certain blended wines in the) Languedoc and Roussillon

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11
Q

Three main rivers of Bordeaux

A

Garonne
Dordogne
Gironde (Estuary)

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12
Q

Eight AOCs of the Medoc

A 
Medoc AOC
Haut Medoc AOC
Saint-Estephe AOC
Paulliac AOC
Saint Julien AOC
Listrac-Medoc AOC
Moulis-en-Medoc AOC
Margaux AOC
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13
Q

Six AOCs of Graves

A 
Graves AOC
Graves Superieures AOC
Pessac-Leognan AOC
Cerons AOC
Barsac AOC
Sauternes AOC
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14
Q

Main town on Bordeaux’s Right Bank

A

Libourne

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15
Q

Four satellites of Saint-Emilion

A

Lussac-St.-Emilion
Montagne-St.-Emilion
Pusseguin-St.-Emilion
St-Georges-St.-Emilion

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16
Q

Five sub-zones of the AOC Cotes du Bordeaux

A 
Blaye-Cotes de Bordeaux
Cadillac-Cotes de Bordeaux
Castillon-Cotes de Bordeaux
Francs-Cotes de Bordeaux
Sainte Foy-Cotes de Bordeaux
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17
Q

Commune that is home to Chateau Lafite Rothschild

A

Pauillac

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18
Q

Commune (and region) that is home to Chateau Haut-Brion

A

Pessac (Graves)

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19
Q

Area north of the city of Bordeaux, on the Left Bank

A

The Medoc

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20
Q

Three main white grapes of Bordeaux

A

Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

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21
Q

Area south of the city of Bordeaux, on the Left Bank

A

Graves

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22
Q

Three main red grapes of Bordeaux

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Cabernet Franc

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23
Q

Three minor red grapes of Bordeaux

A

Malbec
Petit Verdot
Carmenere

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24
Q

Three regional appellations of Bordeaux

A

Bordeaux AOC
Bordeaux Superieur AOC
Cremant de Bordeaux AOC

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25
Q

Unique type of “light” red wine produced in Bordeaux

A

Clairet

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26
Q

“In futures”

A

En primeur

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27
Q

“Bordeaux Classification of _____”

A

1855

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28
Q

Five (current) first growths of the 1855 Classification

A 
Chateau Haut-Brion
Chateau Lafite Rothschild
Chateau Latour
Chateau Margaux
Chateau Mouton Rothschild
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29
Q

Year of the first classification of Saint-Emilion

A

1954

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30
Q

Four (current) Saint-Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classe Category A properties

A

Chateau Angelus
Chateau Ausone
Chateau Cheval Blanc
Chateau Pavie

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31
Q

Who likely first brought grapes to France?

A

Greeks and Romans who established colonies along the Mediterranean coast. Later, the Romans spread viticulture farther inland after conquering Gaul and founding cities throughout the area

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32
Q

What did wine in France become associated with in the 5th century after the Roman Empire’s collapse?

A

Christian monasteries

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33
Q

What did Christian monasteries produce wine for?

A

Sacramental use and profit

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34
Q

How did monasteries acquire so much vineyard acreage?

A

Vineyards were donated to the church by rich patrons seeking divine favor

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35
Q

What two areas in France did the monasteries receive significant holdings?

A

Burgundy

Champagne

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36
Q

What monastery orders were based in Burgundy?

A

Benedictine

Cistercian

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37
Q

What did the monks do for winemaking?

A

As some of them took a very scientific approach, the experimented with different kinds of grapes and various arrangements in the vineyards, ultimately fine-tuning high-quality vines and matching them to the ideal growing sites. Also pioneered many innovations that improved winemaking on a large scale.

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38
Q

What led to the bond between Bordeaux and Britain?

A

In the 12th century, the region came under the English Crown through the marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry II. Viticulture in the British Isles had declined so Bordeaux became the ideal solution for supplying wine to Britain. Even when the ownership was ended after war in the fourteenth and fifteenth century – the bond continued.

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39
Q

What region was the home of French nobility during the Middle Ages?

A

Loire Valley

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40
Q

Why did the Loire Valley’s production flourish in the Middle Ages?

A

Concentration of wealth in a highly fertile area, so even when the seat of power went back to Paris in the fifteenth century – wineries continued to prosper

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41
Q

What was Champagne known for in the Middle Ages?

A

Still wine

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42
Q

What wine was Champagne renowned for in Paris and London in the 1600s?

A

Still Pinot Noir

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43
Q

When did purposeful sparkling production begin in Champagne?

A

End of the 17th century, prior to that bottles would occasionally develop a bit of a spritz but it was accidental

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44
Q

What region in France has the country’s longest history of viticulture?

A

The South of France

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45
Q

What were the wines of the South of France mainly used for?

A

Local consumption

Blending into other regions’ wines

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46
Q

What did the wines of the South of France provide to the blend with other wines?

A

Adding weight to what otherwise would have been unpleasantly thin wine in most vintages

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47
Q

Where is Alsace situated?

A

On the border with Germany

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48
Q

What Germanic traditions did Alsace retain?

A

Emphasis on Riesling and (to a lesser extent) Gewurztraminer

Use of tall, thin Flute d’Alsace bottles

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49
Q

Three types of Alsace appellations

A

Alsace AOC
Cremant d’Alsace AOC
Alsace Grand Cru

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50
Q

Department located in the northern area of Alsace

A

Bas-Rhin

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51
Q

Department located in the southern area of Alsace

A

Haut-Rhin

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52
Q

Number of Grand Crus in Alsace

A

51

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53
Q

Mountain range to the west of Alsace

A

Vosges Mountains

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54
Q

Rule regarding varietal wines of the Alsace AOC

A

Must be 100% of the named variety

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55
Q

Four “noble grapes” of Alsace

A

Riesling
Muscat
Pinot Gris
Gewurztraminer

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56
Q

Grape variety also known as Klevener de Heiligenstein

A

Savagnin Rose

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57
Q

Grape allowed for use in Cremant d’Alsace AOC (but not in Alsace AOC)

A

Chardonnay

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58
Q

Ten grape varieties approved for use in non-sparkling Alsace AOC wines

A 
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot Gris
Pinot Noir
Pinot Blanc
Sylvaner
Muscat
Chasselas
Auxerrois
Klevener de Heiligenstein (Savagnin Rose)
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59
Q

Term used in Alsace for blended wines

A

Edelzwicker

Gentil

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60
Q

Term used in Alsace for late harvest wines

A

Vendange(s)

Tardive(s)

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61
Q

Term used in Alsace for botrytis-affected wines

A

Selection de Grains Nobles

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62
Q

Four main regions of the Loire Valley

A

Pays Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
Touraine
Upper (Eastern) Loire

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63
Q

Grape variety of the Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOC

A

Folle Blanche

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64
Q

Regional name for Chenin Blanc (used in the Loire)

A

Pineau de la Loire

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65
Q

Grape variety of Muscadet

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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66
Q

Regional name for Cabernet Franc (used in the Loire)

A

Breton

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67
Q

(2) appellations of Touraine approved for the production of reds and rose based on Cabernet Franc

A

Bourgueil

St. Nicholas-de-Bourgueil

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68
Q

Loire Valley’s Grand Cru

A

Quarts de Chaume

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69
Q

Style of wine produced in the Quarts de Chaume AOC

A

Sweet white
100% Chenin Blanc
typically botrytis-affected

70
Q

2 other Loire Valley appellations (in addition to Quarts de Chaume) approved for sweet white wines

A

Coteaux du Layon AOC

Bonnezeaux AOC

71
Q

(3) types of wine produced in the Fiefs Vendeens AOC

A

White (Chenin Blanc/Chardonnay)
Red (Cab Franc/Negrette/Pinot Noir)
Rose (Gamay/Pinot Noir)

72
Q

Grape variety of Vouvray

A

Chenin Blanc

73
Q

Grape varieties of Sancerre

A 
Sauvignon Blanc (white)
Pinot Noir (red)
74
Q

Grape variety of Savennieres

A

Chenin Blanc

75
Q

Four appellations of Muscadet

A

Muscadet AOC
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOC
Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOC
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOC

76
Q

Grape varieties of Coteaux d’Ancenis AOC

A

Pinot Gris/aka Malvoisie (white)

Gamay (red and rose)

77
Q

Three regional appellations for Loire Valley rose

A

Rose d’Anjou DOC
Cabernet d’Anjou AOC
Rose de Loire AOC

78
Q

Typical grape varieties (6) used in Loire Valley rose

A 
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Grolleau
Malbec
(among others)
79
Q

Chief source for grapes for Cremant de Loire AOC

A

Saumur

80
Q

Main grape variety of Chinon

A

Cabernet Franc

81
Q

Type(s) of wine produced in the Saumur-Champigny AOC

A

Red wine only; Cabernet-Franc-based

82
Q

Grape variety of Pouilly-Fume

A

Sauvignon Blanc

83
Q

Two main grapes of Burgundy

A

Pinot Noir

Chardonnay

84
Q

Minor grapes (6) of Burgundy

A 
Gamay
Cesar
Pinot Gris
Pinot Blanc
Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Gris
85
Q

Number of Grand Crus in Burgundy

A

33

86
Q

Number of Grand Crus in the Cote de Nuits

A

24

87
Q

Number of Grand Crus in the Cote de Beaune

A

8

88
Q

(Approximate) number of Premier Crus in Burgundy

A

More than 600

89
Q

Three AOCs of Chablis

A

Chablis AOC
Chablis Grand Cru AOC
Petit Chablis AOC

90
Q

Seven parcels of the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard

A 
Blanchot
Bougros
Les Clos
Grenouilles
Les Preuses
Valmur
Vaudesir
91
Q

Burgundian term for plots of land delineated by terroir

A

Climat

Note: the term “lieu-dit” is also used

92
Q

Sub-appellations of the Bourgogne AOC

A

La Chappelle-Notre Dame
Tonnerre
Cote d’Or

Note: there are a total of 14 but these 3 are the only one mentioned in the CSW Study Guide

93
Q

Grape variety of the Bouzeron AOC

A

Aligote

94
Q

Burgundy AOC that allows for the production of white wines using Sauvignon Blanc and/or Sauvignon Gris

A

Saint-Bris

95
Q

Four major areas of Burgundy

A

Chablis
Cote d’Or
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais

96
Q

Appellation for the traditional method sparkling wines of Burgundy

A

Cremant de Bourgogne AOC

97
Q

Grand Cru – located in the Cote de Beaune – that produces both red and white wine

A

Corton

98
Q

Grand Cru – located in the Cote de Nuits – that produces both red and white wine

A

Musigny

99
Q

Five communal AOCs of the Cote Chalonnaise

A 
Rully
Bouzeron
Givry
Mercurey
Montagny
100
Q

Five village-level AOCs of the Maconnais

A 
Pouilly-Fuisse
Pouilly-Loche
Pouilly-Vinzelles
Saint-Veran
Vire-Clesse
101
Q

Grape variety of Pouilly-Fuisse AOC

A

Chardonnay

102
Q

Three AOCs of the Yonne Departement

A

Irancy AOC
Saint-Bris AOC
Vezelay AOC

103
Q

Main grape variety of Beaujolais

A

Gamay

technically, Gamay Noir a Jus Blanc

104
Q

Minor grape varieties (5) of Beaujolais

A 
Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Noir
Melon de Bourgogne
Pinot Gris
105
Q

River to the east of the Beaujolais region

A

The Saone

106
Q

Beaujolais is located just to the south of the ______

A

Maconnais

107
Q

Prized soil of the northern Beaujolais

A

Granite

108
Q

Beaujolais Nouveau release date

A

Third Thursday in November

109
Q

Optional production method in Beaujolais – produces “tropical fruit” and other flavors

A

Carbonic Maceration

110
Q

3 Beaujolais Crus – known for lighter styles

A

Chiroubles
Fleurie
St.-Amour

111
Q

4 Beaujolais Crus–known for fuller-bodied styles

A

Brouilly
Cote de Brouilly
Julienas
Regnie

112
Q

3 Beaujolais Crus – known for age-worthy styles

A

Chenas
Morgon
Moulin-a-Vent

113
Q

Beaujolais Crus (all ten)

A 
Brouilly
Chenas
Chiroubles
Cote de Brouilly
Fleurie
Julienas
Morgon
Moulin-a-Vent
Regnie
St.-Amour
114
Q

Three leading grape varieties of Champagne

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier (Pinot Meunier)

115
Q

Four minor grape varieties of Champagne

A

Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petit Meslier
Arbane

116
Q

Two leading soil types of the Champagne Region

A

Chalk

Limestone (Limestone Marl)

117
Q

Leading soil type of the Cote des Bar

A

Kimmeridgian marl

118
Q

Five main zones of the Champagne region

A 
Montagne de Reims
Vallee de la Marne
Cote des Blancs
Cote de Sezanne
Cote des Bar
119
Q

Leading grape of the Cote des Blancs and Cote de Sezanne

A

Chardonnay

120
Q

Leading grape of the Cote des Bar

A

Pinot Noir

121
Q

Leading grape of the Vallee de la Marne

A

Meunier

122
Q

Leading grape of the Montagne de Reims

A

Pinot Noir

123
Q

Three pressings of juice (terms used in Champagne)

A

First: Cuvee
Next: Taille
Last: Rebeche

124
Q

Minimum bottle aging for Champagne AOC

A

15 months total, including at least 12 months on the lees

125
Q

Minimum bottle aging for Vintage Champagne

A

36 months total, including at least 12 months on the lees

126
Q

Recoltant Manipulant, or RM

A

Grower Champagne

127
Q

Historic classification scheme for the vineyards (villages) of Champagne

A

Echelle des Crus

128
Q

CIVC

A

Le Comite Interprofessional du vin de Champagne

129
Q

Producer of Clos de Mesnil

A

Krug

130
Q

Producer of Vielles Vignes Francaises

A

Bollinger

131
Q

Number of grand cru villages in Champagne

A

17

132
Q

Number of premier cru villages in Champagne

A

42

133
Q

Still wines (base wines) to be used in the production of Champagne

A

Vins clairs

134
Q

Rose-only appellation for non-sparkling wines produced in Champagne

A

Rose des Riceys

135
Q

Regional appellation for non-sparkling wines produced in Champagne

A

Coteaux Champenois

136
Q

Location of the Rhone Valley

A

Begins 20 miles/32 km south of the city of Lyon, extends until the city of Avignon – straddles the Rhone River

137
Q

Cold, strong wind that affects the Rhone Valley

A

Mistral

138
Q

Approximate length (north to south) of the Rhone Valley

A

120 miles/193 km (with a 30-mile/48-km gap between the North and South)

139
Q

Grapes allowed for use (1 red, 3 white) in Northern Rhone AOCs

A

Syrah
Viognier
Marsanne
Roussanne

140
Q

Terroir of the Northern Rhone

A

Steep-sided, terraced vineyards planted along the river as it passes between the Massif Central and the Alps
Mostly continental climate (hot summers/cold winters)

141
Q

Red wine appellations of the Northern Rhone

A 
Cote-Rotie
Cornas
Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage
Saint-Joseph
142
Q

Typical assemblage of Northern Rhone red wines

A

Based on Syrah; most allow for a small percentage of white grapes to be included

143
Q

Required assemblage of Cornas AOC

A

Must be 100% Syrah

144
Q

White wine appellations of the Northern Rhone

A

Condrieu
Chateau-Grillet
Saint-Peray

(Saint-Joseph, Hermitage, and Crozes-Hermitage produce both white and red)

145
Q

Grape variety of Condrieu

A

100% Voignier

146
Q

Styles of wine produced in Saint-Peray

A

Still and sparkling wines using a blend of Marsanne and Roussanne

147
Q

Terroir of the Southern Rhone

A

Broad lowlands

Mostly Mediterranean climate (warm summers, abundant sunshine, minimal precipitation during growing season)

148
Q

Well-known component of Southern Rhone topsoils

A

Galets (rounded river stones)

149
Q

Most widely planted red grape of the Southern Rhone

A

Grenache

150
Q

Typical assemblage of Southern Rhone reds

A

Typically blends; many are Grenache-focused and may also contain Syrah, Carignan, Mourvedre, and Cinsault (among others)

151
Q

Typical assemblage of Southern Rhone whites

A

Typically dry blends based on Grenache Blanc, Clairette, Viognier, Ugni Blanc, Roussanne, Marsanne, Muscat, and others

152
Q

Southern Rhone AOC that produces rose exclusively

A

Tavel AOC

153
Q

Muscat-based vin doux naturel of the Southern Rhone

A

Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise

154
Q

Grenache-based vin doux naturel of the Southern Rhone

A

Rasteau

155
Q

Famous wine of the Southern Rhone produced just north of Avignon

A

Chateauneuf-du-Pape

156
Q

Grapes allowed for use in Chateauneuf-du-Pape

A 
Grenache -- Noir, Gris, and Blanc
Mourvedre
Syrah
Cinsault
Counoise
Bourboulenc
Roussanne
Brun Argente (Vaccarese)
Clairette
Clairette Rose
Muscardin
Picardan
Piquepoul -- Noir, Gris, and Blanc
Terret Noir
157
Q

Appellations of the Diois

A

Chatillon-en-Diois
Clairette de Die
Coteaux de Die
Cremant de Die

158
Q

Regional appellations of the Rhone Valley

A

Cotes du Rhone

Cotes du Rhone-Villages

159
Q

Sangiovese (as used on Corsica)

A

Nielluccio

160
Q

Vermentino (as used on Corsica)

A

Rolle

161
Q

Vin doux naturel produced on Corsica

A

Muscat du Cap Corse AOC

162
Q

Grape Variety of Cahors

A

Malbec

163
Q

Grape variety of Madiran

A

Tannat

164
Q

Sweet wine of the Roussillon produced in a “Christmas Style”

A

Muscat de Rivesaltes (Muscat de Noel)

165
Q

Grape variety of Blanquette de Limoux

A

Mauzac

166
Q

Leading wine style of Provence

A

Dry rose (88% of all production)

167
Q

Three leading rose appellations of Provence

A

Cotes de Provence
Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence
Coteaux Varois de Provence

168
Q

Five sub-zones of the Cotes de Provence AOC

A 
Sainte-Victoire
Frejus
La Londe
Pierrefeu
Notre-Dame des Anges
169
Q

Largest AOC of the Languedoc-Roussillon (in terms of production)

A

Corbieres

170
Q

Two Grenache-based vins doux naturels of the Roussillon

A

Banyuls

Maury

171
Q

Languedoc-based sparkling wine said to be the oldest purposefully-produced sparkling wine in France

A

Limoux Methode Ancestrale

172
Q

Main grape variety of Bandol AOC

A

Mourvedre

CSW/HBSC (22 decks)

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