Germany Flashcards
1
Q
Top two (most widely planted) white grapes in Germany
A
1 - Riesling
2 - Muller-Thurgau
2
Q
Leading red grape in Germany
A
Spatburgunder
3
Q
German name for Pinot Gris
A
Grauburgunder or Rulander
4
Q
German name for Pinot Blanc
A
Weissburgunder
5
Q
Basic German “wine” (formerly “table wine”) made from 100% German grapes
A
Deutscher Wein
6
Q
ggA
A
geschuzte geographische Angabe (PGI category)
7
Q
gU
A
geschuzte Ursprungbezeichnung (PDO category)
8
Q
Two levels of gU wines
A
Qualitatswein
Pradikatswein
9
Q
Levels of the German Pradikat (from lowest to highest)
A
Kabinett Spatlese Auslese Beerenauslese/Eiswein Trockenbeerenauslese
10
Q
Level of the German Pradikat that translates to “late harvest”
A
Spatlese
11
Q
Level of the German Pradikat that translates to “selected harvest”
A
Auslese
12
Q
Level of the German Pradikat that translates to “selected dried berries”
A
Trockenbeerenauslese
13
Q
Scale used in Germany to determine grape ripeness (density)
A
The Oechsle Scale
14
Q
Germany has 13 of these “Quality Wine Regions”
A
Anbaugebiete
15
Q
Germany has just over 40 of these “regional” or “district-style” appellations
A
Bereiche
16
Q
Germany has just over 160 of these geographically-based appellations
A
Grosslagen
17
Q
Germany has over 2700 appellations, which are somewhat “vineyard based”
A
Einzellagen
18
Q
Germany’s 13 Quality Wine Regions
A
Ahr, Baden, Franken, Hessische Bergstrasse, Mittelrhein, Mosel, Nahe, Pfalz, Rheingau, Rheinhessen, Saale-Unstrut, Sachen, Wurttemberg
19
Q
VDP
A
Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter (the Association of German Pradikat Wine Estates)
20
Q
Four levels of wine/vineyard classification in the VDP scheme
A
Grosse Lage (highest)
Erste Lage
Ortswein
Gutswein
21
Q
Unfermented grape juice that may be added to wine after fermentation
A
Sussreserve
22
Q
German sparkling wine produced using the traditional or tank method
A
Sekt
23
Q
German sparkling wine produced via carbonation
A
Schaumwein
24
Q
Weissherbst
A
Single-variety rose of at least Qualitatswein-level quality
25
The Mosel River runs northeast (from Trier) until it flows in to the ______ River.
Rhine
26
Central area of the Mosel
Mittelmosel
27
Two important tributaries of the Mosel
Saar
| Ruwer
28
Wine region located along the Rhine River, including 15 miles (24 km) where the river flows west
Rheingau
29
The one (and only) Bereich of the Rheingau
Johannisberg
30
Wine region located to the southwest of the Rheingau
Nahe
31
Leading wine region in terms of area under vine and quantity/output
Rheinhessen
32
Wine region located north of Alsace
Pfalz
33
Wine region located along the Main River
Franken
34
Wine region located to the north of Baden, named for a mountain road
Hessische Bergstrasse
35
Region heavily planted to red grapes, with many vineyards located in teh Neckar River Valley
Wurttemberg
36
Wine region located (in part) along the Rhine River and Lake Constance
Baden
37
Considered the warmest Bereich in Germany
Kaiserstuhl (Baden)
38
Wine region that (despite its northerly location) is planted to 85% red grapes
Ahr
39
Two wine regions in the former East Germany
Sachsen
| Saale-Unstrut
40
Where are the northernmost winegrowing regions of Germany located
Well above the 50th parallel of latitude and far from the moderating influence of a large body of water
41
What is Germany's wine reputation built upon?
World-class Riesling
42
What is true about Riesling?
One of the most cold-hardy grape varieties
43
What are German Rieslings known for?
Quality
Complexity
Ageability
44
Why is Germany consistently among the world's largest importers of wine?
It is a major wine-consuming country and imports the styles of wine it cannot make
45
Is Germany a major wine exporter?
Yes, it is amongst the top ten nations in export
46
Where is Germany located?
In north-central Europe, reaching as far north as Denmark and the Baltic Sea
47
Where are the winegrowing regions of Germany?
With the exception of a few small districts in eastern Germany -- all of the wiengrowing areas are in teh southwest quadrant of the country
48
Where are the majority of Germany's winegrowing regions found?
Near a river or on the shores of Lake Constance
49
What is Lake Constance called in Germany?
Bodensee
50
What is the lifeblood of the German wine industry?
The Rhine River and its tributaries
51
What does the Rhine River make up?
Most of Germany's border with Switzerland and France as it flows westward from Lake Constance to Switzerland, then along the French-German border north past Alsace, continuing on through western Germany until it flows out of the winegrowing region altogether and into the Netherlands
52
What is the second important river in Germany?
Mosel
53
Where does the Mosel river flow?
Out of France's Vosges Mountains past Luxembourg, and then northeast through prime wine territory, until it empties into the Rhine
54
Other name for the Mosel river in France?
Moselle
55
Important tributaries of the Rhine River
Ahr
Nahe
Main
Neckar
56
What is Germany's climate
Northern continental with mild summers, cold winters, and moderate precipitation year round
57
Why are the majority of the vineyards of Germany concentrated near waterways?
It is so cool that grapes struggle to ripen before winter arrives. The flowing water moderates local climates and reflects sunlight back onto the vineyards helping to warm the vines in this marginal climate
58
Which vineyard orientation is advantageous in this northerly latitude?
South-facing hillside
59
Why are south-facing hillside vineyards advantageous?
Maximize sun exposure and warmth
60
Aside from south-facing hillsides, where else is advantageous for German vineyards?
As with the rest of the Northern Hemisphere, the north side of the river which benefit from extra sunlight reflecting off the water
61
Which two places have notable soils in Germany?
Mosel
| Rheingau
62
What style of soils are found in Mosel and Rheingau?
Dark blue and red slate-based soils
63
How are the dark blue and red slate-based soils of Mosel and Rheingau helpful?
Ideal for absorbing solar heat during the daytime and radiating it back at night
64
German term for states?
Lander
65
How many Lander are in Germany?
16
66
Where are most of the winegrowing regions located?
Primarily in the states of Baden-Wurttemberg, Hesse, and Rhineland-Palatinate
67
Are red or white grape varieties more predominant in Germany?
White
68
How much of total production is white wine in Germany?
2/3rds
69
How many varieties are permitted in Germany?
More than 100, but about 20 encompass almost all of the vineyard acreage
70
What is the most widely planted grape in Germany?
Riesling
71
How much of acreage is planted to Riesling in Germany?
More than 1/5th
72
Where is Riesling especially dominant?
Rheingau and Mosel
73
What is Muller-Thurgau a crossing of?
Riesling X Madeline Royale
74
What is the second most common grape in Germany?
Muller-Thurgau
75
What was Muller Thurgau developed for?
Its hardiness, although it is somewhat lacking in resemblance to Riesling in taste and longevity
76
Other leading white grape varieties of Germany
```
Silvaner
Grauburgunder/Rulander
Weissburgunder
Kerner
Gewurztraminer
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
```
77
German name for Pinot Gris
Grauburgunder
| Rulander
78
German name for Pinot Blanc
Weissburgunder
79
Is Gewurztraminer widely grown in Germany?
No, it is well-known but not widely grown
80
What is Kerner a crossing of?
Riesling X Schiava Grossa
81
German name for Pinot Noir
Spatburgunder
82
What is the leading red grape of Germany?
Spatburgunder
83
Where does Spatburgunder fall in terms of which grape is grown most in Germany?
Third
84
Other important red grape varieties of Germany
```
Dornfelder
Blauer Portugieser
Trollinger
Blaufrankisch
St. Laurent
```
85
What is Dornfelder known for?
Deeply-hued red grape known for its floral aromas
86
What is most of Blauer Portugieser used for?
Light red wines or Rose
87
When was German wine law reformed to match the EU?
2009
88
What are the 3 categories of German wine law?
Wein
ggA
gU
89
How are the categories of German wine law further divided?
By geographic loaction and the degree of ripeness achieved by the grapes at harvest
90
Former name of the Wein category
Tafelwien (Table wine)
91
What is Wein used for?
Basic wine; ther are very few guarantees of quality at this level
92
What is most of Wein made for?
Domestic market
93
What can be done to wines at the Wein level?
They may be enriched or chaptalized ot increase the final alcohol hlevel
94
What is some of the wine at the Wein level?
imported bulk wine, mostly from Italy
95
What is required to use the term Deutscher Wein?
Grapes must be 100% German in origin
96
What does ggA stand for?
geschutzte geographische Angabe
97
What is ggA equivalent to in the EU?
PGI
98
Former name for ggA?
Landwein (country wine)
99
Are ggA quality wines?
No, but they are a step up from the basic wein quality
100
What is required for ggA?
Grapes must be slightly riper than those for wein (half a percent more potential alcohol)
85% must be grown in Germany in one of the designated Landwein regions, with the particular region specified on the label
101
Is Chaptalization allowed in Landwein?
Yes
102
What styles may ggA be produced in?
Trocken or Halbtrocken
103
Trocken
Dry
104
Halbtrocken
Off-dry
105
What does gU stand for?
geschutzte Ursprungsbezeichnung
106
When was gU established?
2009
107
What was gU formerly?
Included the wines previously covered by the Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete (QbA) and Qualitatswein mit Pradikat (QmP)
108
What is the EU equivalent to gU?
PDO
109
What is required for gU?
Must carry a place-name on the label, and 100% of the grapes must come from the named region
110
What are the subcategories of gU?
Qualitatswein
| Pradikatswein
111
What are the wines of Qualitatswein defined as?
Quality wine from a designated region
112
What does Qualitatswein represent?
Largest proportion of German wine output
113
What is required for Qualitatswein?
Must come from one of thirteen Anbaugebiete
Be made with one of the approved grape varieties
Reach sufficient ripeness for reconition as a quality wine
114
German specified winegrowing regions
Anbaugebiete
115
How many Anbaugebiete are in Germany?
13
116
Is Chaptalization allowed for Qualitatswein?
Yes
117
What is the highest quality level designation of German wine?
Pradikatswein
118
What is Pradikatswein defined as?
Quality wine with attributes
119
What is required for Pradikatswein?
Must be produced from grapes grown within the same 13 Anbaugebiete as Qualitatswein
120
Is Chaptalization allowed for Pradikatswein?
No
121
How many subcategories are in Pradikatswein?
6
122
German for special attributes
Pradikate (subcategories of Pradikatswein
123
What are the Pradikate based on?
ripeness levels achieved in the vineyard
124
What are the Pradikate in ascending order of grape ripeness?
```
Kabinett
Spatlese
Auslese
Beerenauslese
Eiswein
Trockenbeerenauslese
```
125
Kabinett wine
Light to medium bodied wines made from grapes with the lowest ripeness level. Avg. alcohol is 7% to 10%
126
What does Spatlese mean?
Late Harvest
127
Spatlese wine
Wines of additional ripeness made from grapes harvested after a designated picking date. With the extra ripening time, the grapes develop more intense flavors and aromas than Kabinett
128
What does Auslese mean?
Selected harvest
129
Auslese wine
Wines made from grapes that have stayed on the vine long enough to have a required level of sugar. These wines can be intense in bouquet and taste, and have a potential alcohol level in excess of 14%
130
What does Beerenauslese mean?
Selected berries
131
Beerenauslese wine
Rich, sweet dessert wine made from individually harvested berries that are sweeter than Auslese and that may also be affected by the honeyed influence of botrytis
132
German name for Botrytis
Edelfaule
133
What does Eiswein mean?
Ice Wine
134
Eiswein
Wines made from frozen grapes harvested at a BA level of ripeness or higher. Having already become overripe from staying on the vine until as late as January, these grapes are harvested after they freeze in the vineyard. They are crushed immediately, and much of the water in the berries is discarded as ice, leaving grape must with a very high sugar level
135
What does Trockenbeerenauslese mean?
Selected dried berries
136
Trockenbeerenauslese wine
Wines from individually picked berries that are overripe to the point of being raisins and often further shriveled by botrytis. Considered to be among the world's greates dessert wines
137
Are the six Pradikat levels in terms of quality?
No
138
Which Pradikat is considered the most basic?
Kabinett
139
What are the differences in Pradikat generally?
More stylistic and a matter of taste than indicative of an absolute scale of quality
140
What are the three dessert wine levels?
Beerenauslese
Eiswein
Trockenbeerenauslese
141
How much of production is BA, Eiswein, and TBA?
A very small fraction
142
What do the Pradikat levels ensure?
That the grapes used in wine have achieved a minimum level of ripeness
143
Why are the riper levels of the Pradikat considered more desirable?
Because the use of underripe grapes may result in wines that are highly acidic, light in alcohol, and with flavors that are not fully developed
144
How is the ripeness of the grapes assessed?
By measuring the amount of sugar present in degrees Oechsle
145
What is the Oechsle system based on?
The density or must weight of the juice (the more solids, primarily sugar, in the juice, the denser the liquid will be
146
Why does the Oechsle level not necessarily translate to sweetness?
High sugar content can lead to either high alcohol content in a dry wine or high sweetness levels in a low-alcohol wine, or anything in between, depending on the winemaker's preference
147
How much of all German wine production is dry?
About 2/3rds
148
Formula for Oechsle
Oechsle = (density - 1.0) x 1000
For Example, must with a density reading of 1.074 is said to measure 74 degrees Oechsle
149
What is the Oechsle range for wine?
40s (seriouslly underripe) to well over 150 in dried grapes
150
How many Oechsle are Kabinett grapes?
Range form 70 to 85 degrees Oechsle
151
What are the 4 geographic indications of German wine from biggest to smallest
Anbaugebiete
Bereiche
Grosslagen
Einzellagen
152
Anbaugebiete
Wine Region
153
How many Bereiche are in Germany?
approximately 40
154
What is a Bereich?
A regional or district appellation, along the lines of AOC Cotes du Rhone, DO Catalunya, or a country within the United States
155
Each Anbaugebiete have at least how many Bereich?
One
156
How many Grosslagen are in Germany?
approximately 160
157
What is a Grosslage?
Grouping of numerous vineyards into a convenient administrative package
158
Are Grosslage indicative of the terroir found?
No, there was little, if any effort to take terroir into account when these areas were established, so they are largely meaningless from a terroir standpoint
159
How many Grosslagen in each Bereich?
Mulitple
160
How many Einzellagen in Germany?
More than 2700
161
What is an Einzellage?
In theory, a single vineyard, but in actuality relatively small vineyard areas with reasonably homogeneous conditions
162
Why are Einzellage not necessarily single vineyards?
Because they were created by cobbling together tiny vineyards into new vineyards with a minimum of 5ha
163
How many Einzellagen were there formerly?
Over 30000
164
What is the intention of the German appellation system?
To provide additional information to accompany the quality classifications and Pradikat designations based on ripeness levels
165
Are German regulations more New World or more French?
New World, they carry only very loose restrictions on viticulture and winemaking. They merely name the geographical location where the grapes were grown
166
What typically preceeds a Grosslage or Einzellage on the label?
The village name
167
Why is the addition of a village name helpful on a German wine label?
Many of the Grosslagen and Einzellagen stretch across several towns, and some names occur more than once, at separate locations. Without good reference, it is often difficult to tell a Grosslage from an Einzellage.
168
What does the Sonnenuhr vineyard encompass?
Wehlener Sonnenuhr (vallage of Wehlen) and Zeltinger Sonnenuhr (in the adjacent village of Zeltingen)
169
Do the terms Einzellage, Grosslage, or Bereich appear on a German wine label?
Only Bereich is seen (and that isn't mandatory)
170
What are wines made by the grape growers labeled as in Germany?
Erzeugerabfullung
| Gutsabfullung
171
What is Gutsabfullung equivalent to?
Estate bottled
172
What is Erzeugerabfullung equivalent to?
Producer bottled (this also includes cooperatives of growers)
173
What does the term Abfuller indicate?
A wine produced at a commercial winery that buys grapes from other sources
174
What do all German PDO wines have on the label?
AP Number (Amtliche Prufungsnummer)
175
What does the AP number identify?
Its issued after government approval and identifies the wine and the specific testing center where it was approved, as well as the village of origin, winery of origin, and other information
176
What is the VDP?
Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter (Association of German Pradikat Wine Estates) is an organization of Germany's leading wine estates committed to terroir-driven viticulture
177
Who announced Germany's first classification system for individual vineyards?
VDP
178
When did the VDP announce Germany's first classification system for individual vineyards?
2002
179
What did the VDP use as a model for its classification system of individual vineyards?
Burgundy
180
When was the VDP system further refined?
2012
181
What are the four levels of classification in the VDP from highest to lowest?
VDP Grosse Lage
VDP Erste Lage
VDP Orswein
VDP Gutswein
182
What does Grosse Lage translate to?
Great Site
183
VDP Grosse Lage
Highest level vineyards of the estate
184
For a wine to carry the GG labelling what is necessary?
Must be from the Grosse Lage level
Must be dry
Labeled Qualitatswein Trocken
185
What does GG stand for?
Grosses Gewachs
186
How are wines with sweetness labelled at the Grosse Lage, Erste Lage, or Ortswein level?
Using the Pradikat system
187
What does Erste Lage translate to?
First Site
188
VDP Erste Lage
Second-highest level vineyards of the Estate
189
How are dry wines at the Erste Lage level labelled?
Qualitatswein Trocken
190
What is the German term for off dry?
Halbtrocken or Feinherb
191
What does Ortswein translate to?
Classified site wine
192
VDP Ortswein
Wines sourced from vineyards at the equivalent of a village appellation
193
How can Ortswein be labelled?
As Qualitatswein Trocken (dry)
Feinherb/Halbtrocken (off-dry)
Pradikat (sweet)
194
VDP Gutswein
Represents good entry-level wines, equivalent to an estate wine or regional wine. The wines originate from an estate's holdings within a region, and they meet the stringent standards prescribed by the VDP.
195
What is different under the VDP (Grosse Lage, Erste Lage, and Ortswein) in relation to the Pradikats?
The Pradikats are only used for wines that retain some natural sweetness. Dry wines carry the term Trocken.
196
Why does the VDP not use the Pradikat system for dry wines?
They believe this is the original meaning of the Pradikat -- to reflect wines carrying natural sweetness, as opposed to the modern use of the term which does not reflect a correlation between Pradikat and actual taste profile
197
How long are grapes left on the vine in Germany?
as long as possible to get as ripe as they can, and are often brought into the winery just before winter set in
198
How did the cold temperatures of Germany affect the period after harvest?
Had a tendency to stop the new wine's fermentation before all sugars had been converted to alcohol
199
Was the stopping of fermentation early a good or bad thing for the wines of Germany?
Good, given the high acidity of Riesling and some of the other varieties (especially when underripe)
200
What is the typical style of German white wines?
Somewhere between off-dry and fully sweet
201
Why did German wines transition to more dry white wines?
When tastes changed in the late 20th century consumers switched to drier wines, and German exports plummeted.
202
How much of German wine production is red?
More than one third
203
Why are there special winemaking considerations in Germany?
In the lower categories, the natural sugar in the grapes is so low that the potential alcohol level is barely enough for the wine to be stable and meet the legal definition of wine. So alternative choices are provided in Germany to boost that.
204
What are the winemaker's choices if the grapes do not have enough natural sugar?
Make a low-alcohol dry wine
Chaptalize
Make a low-alcohol sweet wine by adding sussreserve after fermenting to dryness
205
What is the flaw in low-alcohol dry wines in Germany?
Thin and extremely acidic
206
What is chaptalization?
Adding sugar to the must before fermentation to increase the potential alcohol level
207
Sussreserve
Unfermented grape juice added to a wine to increase sweetness
208
When is sussreserve added?
After the wine has been fermented to dryness
209
Is Chaptalization allowed in wines at the Pradikatswein level?
No, grapes at this level have sufficient potential alcohol to produce stable wine even if the fermentation is stopped early
210
What are a winemaker's choices in making Pradikatswein wines?
Make a medium to high alcohol dry wine
Make a medium alcohol, moderately sweet wine by stopping the fermentation prior to completion
Make a low-alcohol, very sweet wine by stopping the fermentation even earlier
211
How can you tell how sweet a German wine is by looking at the label?
There is no definite way, minus looking for RS or sweetness terms on the label. There is no mandatory system that makes it clear.
212
How much RS in trocken wines?
Dry -- up to 9 g/L (No more than 2 g/L above acidity level)
213
How much RS in halbtrocken wines?
9-18 g/L (No more than 10 g/L above acidity level
214
How much RS in feinherb wines?
Not legally defined but generally the same as halbtrocken
215
German term for half-sweet
Lieblich/Halbsuss
216
How much RS in lieblich/halbsuss wines?
18-45 g/L
217
German term for sweet
Suss
218
How much RS in Suss wines?
More than 45 g/L
219
When was the Riesling Taste Profile created?
2008
220
What was the purpose of the Riesling Taste Profile?
Attempt to clarify sweetness levels for the consumer, it permits Riesling producers to use a scale on their back labels to indicate the sweetness level
221
Who created the Riesling Taste Profile?
International Riesling Foundation
222
Is participation in the Riesling Taste Profile mandatory?
No, its voluntary but it has caught on with some producers
223
Who determines where the arrow falls on the scale for the Riesling Taste Profile?
The individual winery based on a set of technical guidelines in concert with its tasting assessment
224
What is generally true about the dessert wines in the Pradikat (BA, TBA, Eiswein)?
Low in alcohol
High in acid
Very sweet
225
How do TBA/BA differ from Eiswein?
As the grapes for Eiswein haven't necessarily been affected by noble rot -- the Botrytis flavors and aromas won't be present
226
What determines the required minimum ripeness for BA, Eiswein, and TBA grapes?
Anbaugebiet
227
What is the Oechsle range for BA and Eiswein?
110 to 125 degrees Oechsle
228
What is the Oechsle range for TBA?
150 to 154 degrees Oechsle
229
How must grapes for German Eiswein be harvested?
While frozen on the fine at an ideal emperature of at least -8C/18F; Thus most grapes are harvested in teh early hours of the morning, often before dawn
230
When is the harvest for German Eiswein?
Often begins in November or December, but can possibly occur in January or February of the year following the harvest for the more typical styles of wine
231
What does the vintage on Eiswein represent?
The calender year of the growing season (not necessarily the harvest date)
232
How much growth has German red wine production seen in the last two decades?
More than doubled -- now accounts for 36% of Germany's acreage
233
Where are the red wine vineyards of Germany found?
Warmer south of the country, particularly in Wurttemberg and Baden
234
Are German reds typically light or full bodied?
Light, as even in the "warmer" growing region -- it is still cool. Additionally the main grape variety is Spatburgunder which is itself light
235
What is required to use Weissherbst on the label?
Must be made from a single variety of at least Qualitatswein quality
236
Why does Germany make a lot of sparkling wine?
Because high-acid, slightly underripe grapes are the perfect ingredient for it
237
How does Germany rate in terms of sparkling wine consumption?
As the world's highest per-capita
238
How is German Sekt produced?
Traditionally using the tank method (although the use of the traditional method is allowed)
239
Is all German Sekt dry?
No, off-dry and semisweet versions are widely produced and very popular
240
What is Schaumwein?
Foam wine
| Simple, fruity aerated sparkling wines made using carbonation
241
What grape varieties are used for German sparkling?
Spatburgunder, and a wide variety of white grapes
242
What is Mosel well known for?
High-acid Riesling
243
How much of total production is in Mosel?
1/6th
244
Where does the Mosel river flow?
past some of Germany's most famous vineyard sites as it flows from Trier northeast to Koblenz, wher it joins the Rhine
245
What is true about the Mosel river?
It is tortuously winding, and its banks are often very steep
246
What is the most northerly great wine region in the world?
Mosel
247
Where are the best-performing vineyards in Mosel?
Facing south on steep slopes, providing the ideal aspect for maximizing sun exposure.
248
Aside from aspect, what helps warm the vines of Mosel?
Blue slate soils that assist with heat retention
249
What helps raise sugar levels of the grapes in Mosel?
Some hot summer days during the peak growing season. Sugar is raised without sacrificing acidity
250
What is the former name of Mosel?
Mosel-Saar-Ruwer
251
When did Mosel-Saar-Ruwer transition to being Mosel?
2007
252
What are the two most important side tributaries of Mosel?
Saar
| Ruwer
253
Where are most of the famous sites of Mosel?
Central area -- known as Mittelmosel
254
How much of Mosel's acreage is Riesling?
60%; Muller-Thurgau makes up most of the rest
255
What is slowly replacing Muller-Thurgau in terms of acreage?
More Riesling/Red varieties
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How much of Mosel is planted to red varieties?
Less than 10%
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What is the hallmark of Riesling?
Acidity
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Mosel Riesling profile
High acidity balanced by rich flavors of stone fruits and honey and, sometimes a moderate sweetness
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How much alcohol is typical for Mosel wines?
Usually no more than 10%
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What color bottles are used in Mosel?
Green
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How many Bereiche in Mosel?
6, including Bernkastel, Burg Cochem, Saar, and Ruwertal
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Which region has the most Einzellagen?
Mosel
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How many Einzellagen in Mosel?
More than 500
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What is the most famous stretch of vineyards along the Rhine?
Rheingau
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How much of Germany's total production is from Rheingau?
2%, although its reputation is equal to Mosel
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Why do the vineyard's of Rheingau have the most famous position on the Rhine?
Because for about 15 miles (24km) after passing the cities of Mainz and Wiesbaden, the Rhine flows westward, giving the entire right bank an ideal southern exposure, with additional sunlihgt reflecting up from the wide river.
267
What does the macroclimate of Rheingau allow for?
Maximum sun and warmth, along with protection from cold north winds
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What else regulates temperatures of Rheingau's vines?
The red slate soils which hold heat during the day and radiate it onto the vines overnight
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What grape variety are the vineyards with the best reputations planted to?
Riesling
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How much of Rheingau is planted to Riesling?
More than 3/4ths
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General style of Rheingau Riesling
Elegant & Full-bodied
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What takes up more than half of the remaining acreage in Rheingau?
Spatburgunder -- as there is enough warmth to ripen it
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How many Bereiche in Rheingau?
One
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What is the Bereich of Rheingau?
Johannisberg
275
How many Einzellagen in Rheingau?
More than 120
276
Where is Nahe?
Southwest of Rheingau, where the river of the same name flows into the Rhine.
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Where is the Nahe valley and what is produced there?
West of Rheinhessen; Rieslings that are well respected, if not especially well-known
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Does Nahe produce more white or red?
White
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How much production in Nahe is Riesling?
About 1/4th
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Where are the fine vineyard sites of Nahe?
South facing slopes of the mainly east-west valleys of the Nahe and its tributaries
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Where is Rheinhessen?
South and west bank of the Rhine across form the Rheingau and north of the Pfalz
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What does Rheingau lead Germany in?
Area under vine and overall wine production
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What is the aspect/climate of Rheinhessen?
Low, flat plateau; Warm, dry climate
284
What are the grapes of Rheinhessen planted to?
Riesling and Muller Thurgau, but Dornfelder is not far behind
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What color are the bottles in Rheingau?
Brown
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Where is Pfalz?
To the west of the Rhine, and its southern edge is not far from the tip of French Alsace
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What is the second largest Anbaugebiet in terms of acreage?
Pfalz
288
Where did the name Pfalz come from?
the Latin word palatium meaning palace
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Another name for Pfalz?
Palatinate
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Climate of Pfalz
Sunny and warm during the growing season
291
What is Pfalz known for?
This fertile region is known mainly for simple, inexpensive wines produced in large quantities, but that is changing as some vintners begin to focus on low yields and premium bottlings
292
How much of German Riesling is produced in Pfalz?
1/4th
293
Where is Franken?
Easternmost Anbaugebiet of the former West Germany. It covers a large area of the Main River Valley
294
Climate of Franken
Cold with a short growing season
295
Because of the climate and growing season in Franken -- what is produced?
Earlier-ripening varieties of Muller Thurgau and Silvaner; mainly known for everyday white wines
296
What kind of bottling is used for Franconian wines?
Squat green or brown flask -- Bockbeutel
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Where is Hessische Bergstrasse?
It is a spur off the northern part of Baden encompassing only 1000 acres (405ha)
298
What is planted in Hessische Bergstrasse?
White wines; almost half of the acreage is Riesling
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What is the meaning of Hessische Bergstrasse?
Hessian Mountain Road
300
What does Wurttemberg focus on?
Red wine
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How much of Wurttemberg is red wine?
almost 70%
302
Main grape varieties of Wurttemberg?
Trollinger
Schwarzriesling
Lemberger
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Alternate name for Schwarzriesling
Pinot Meunier
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Where are most of the wines of Wurttemberg planted?
On the slopes of the Neckar RIver Valley and on the banks of the Neckar's tributaries, but a few are isolated well south on the shore of Lake COnstance
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What is higher in Wurttemberg than in any other region?
Rainfall and humidity
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Geographically, which region in Germany covers the most ground?
Baden -- stretching 150 miles (240km) along the eastern bank of the Rhine between Mannheim and Switzerland
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Is Baden the leader in vineyard acreage?
No, even with its size only a fraction of the area is planted to grapes. It is third in vineyard acreage after Rheinhessen and Pfalz
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What is Baden made up of?
Two large unconnected segments along the east side of the Rhine, plus three small subareas along western Lake Constance.
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What is Germany's warmest growing area?
Baden's Kaiserstuhl Bereich
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What is the most planted variety in Baden?
Spatburgunder (followed by Muller-Thurgau and Grauburgunder)
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How large is Ahr?
One of Germany's smalles with just over 1300 acres (526 ha) planted
312
Where is Ahr?
One of the northernmost regions
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What is Ahr known for?
Red wines (almost 85% of total production)
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Main grape variety of Ahr
Spatburgunder, although Portugieser and Dornfelder are also planted
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Where is Mittelrhein?
Along a stretch of the Rhine Valley downriver (north) from the Rheingau
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What does the Mittelrhein feature?
Steep banks dotted with castles and small vineyards
317
What are most of the terraced vineyards of Mittelrhein planted to?
Riesling
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Where are Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut?
Part of the former East Germany, they are the northernmost and easternmost of the German Anbaugebiete
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How big are Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut together?
2600 acreas (1,050ha)
320
Do Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut produce a lot of wine?
No
321
What are the grape varieties of Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut
Muller Thurgau
Riesling
Weissburgunder
