williams contemporary (icbt and cbm)

Question 1

what was the aim of the study?

Answer 1

find out if combined treatment of cognitive biased modification immediately followed by icbt would be effective in treating depression

Question 2

where were participants recruited from?

Answer 2

applied research unit for anxiety and depression in sydney

online screenings

Question 3

how many applied through online screenings?

Answer 3

232

Question 4

what happened to successful applicants?

Answer 4

they were rang for a diagnostic interview using the mini

Question 5

what is the mini?

Answer 5

multi international neuropsychiatric interview

Question 6

why were participants excluded?

Answer 6

no internet access, drug abuse and suicidal idealisation

Question 7

how many participnats met all inclusion criteria and what disorder did they have?

Answer 7

69 and major depression

Question 8

how many were in the intervention group at the start and then the finish?

Answer 8

38 and 20

Question 9

how many were in the control group at the start and finish?

Answer 9

31 and 22

Question 10

who many participants were in the baseline questionnaires in both groups?

Answer 10

I-35 C-28

Question 11

how long was the treatment?

Answer 11

11 weeks

Question 12

how long was the cbm?

Answer 12

one week

Question 13

how long was the icbt?

Answer 13

ten weeks

Question 14

what was the criteria for participants?

Answer 14

had to have major depression

no history of psychotic mental illness

Question 15

what age did participants have to be between?

Answer 15

18-65

Question 16

what was depression severity measured by?

Answer 16

• beck depression inventory 2nd edition

- phq-9

Question 17

what were the primary outcome measures?

Answer 17

severity of depression
distress
interpretation bias

Question 18

what is the phq-9?

Answer 18

nine item depression scale of patient health questionnaire

Question 19

how was distress measured?

Answer 19

k10

Question 20

what is the k10

Answer 20

measures distress

ten item kestrel psychological distress scale

Question 21

how was interpretation bias measured?

Answer 21

sst

Question 22

what is the sst

Answer 22

measures interpretation bias

scrambled sentence test

Question 23

what were the secondary outcome measures?

Answer 23

other factors associated with depression that may affect treatment such as anxiety

Question 24

what was anxiety as a second outcome measured by?

Answer 24

STAI-T

s

Question 25

what is STAI-A?

Answer 25

state trait anxiety inventory trait version

Question 26

what is cbm?

Answer 26

computerised training programme individuals presented with ambiguous scenarios that are always resolved in a positive manner

Question 27

what was the final measure used?

Answer 27

researchers used their own adapted version of treatment expectancy and outcomes questionnaire

Question 28

after intervention group had post scores what happened?

Answer 28

control group took part

Question 29

what measure was not carried out in post treatment outcomes?

Answer 29

interpretation bias

Question 30

results: what were there no significant differences in?

Answer 30

baseline measures pre treatment

Question 31

what percentage had social phobias in each group? (baseline measure)

Answer 31

I-34% C-25%

Question 32

what was found in the treatment expectancy out outcomes questionnaire?

Answer 32

there were no differences in patients ratings of treatment expectations

Question 33

what did intervention group show? (results)

Answer 33

improvement in scores on all measures

Question 34

which group had most improvement?

Answer 34

intervention group

Question 35

what were some conclusions?

Answer 35

combined intervention effective in reducing depressive symptoms
icbm can reduce symptoms in just one week
useful to intergrate cbmi into icbt as a new form of delivery treatment

Question 36

why was the internet recruitment a strength? (S)

Answer 36

allowed to collect a broad sample from all over australia

Question 37

why is it useful? (S)

Answer 37

cbt was not widely used due to resources

encourages the integration of internet based technologies to treat depression

Question 38

ethics? (S)

Answer 38

all 69 gave informed consent before
went through a screening process to make sure ppts suitable for treatment
right to withdraw

Question 39

random assignment? (S)

Answer 39

reduces any bias of ppts characteristics

Question 40

reliability?(S)

Answer 40

easily replicable
standardised procedure
questionnaires

Question 41

use of interviews and questionnaires? (S)

Answer 41

didn’t just reply on one type of data collection method, increased validity

Question 42

self report data? (S)

Answer 42

quick and easy comparison to be made

reduces costs of manpower needed

Question 43

who was the study approved by? (S)

Answer 43

human rights ethics committee of st vin cents hospital in sydney

Question 44

self report data? (W)

Answer 44

social desirability

lack validity

Question 45

cause and effect? (W)

Answer 45

results could not establish whether change was due to one programme or both

Question 46

generalisability? (W)

Answer 46

inclusion data

18-65

Question 47

validity of withdrawal? (W)

Answer 47

may not have worked on those who withdrew

Question 48

long term? (W)

Answer 48

no follow up study so no way to tell

may relapse §

Question 49

what % of people in both groups showed changes?

Answer 49

I - 65%

C - 35%