classification systems Flashcards
what are the two classification systems in clinical?
icd
dsm
what does the classification of a mental disorder involve?
the identification of groups or patterns of behavioural or mental symptoms that reliably occur together to form a type of diagnosis
what does dsm stand for?
diagnosis and statistical mannual of mental disorders
when was the first dsm created?
1953
based on scheme from us army in wwII
what addition is the dsm currently on?
fifth
2013
when was the dsm 4 reviewed?
2007 -2012
looking at strengths and weaknesses
what does the current dsm do that it didn’t before>
- tries to harmonise with the icd, having a similar coding system
- does not work on a multi axial system
how many specific categories for mental health disorders does the dsm have?
200
how many axis did the dsm 4 have?
5
what was compulsory in diagnoses using the dsm 4?
compulsory to look at first three axis
other two optional
but it is better to look at all of them to provide a better basis
what are the 5 axis in the dsm 4?
clinical syndromes personality and developmental disorders medical conditions psychosocial stressors GAF
what is axis one?
clinical syndromes
major diagnosis classification of disorders
such as shizophrenia/eating disorders
what is axis two?
personality and developmental disorders
split into personality disorders and dependant disorders
can contribute to diagnostic features in axis 1 or act speperatly
for axis one and two what is included?
details about diagnostic features, prevalence and criteria
also cultural differences
for axis one and two what is included?
details about diagnostic features, prevalence and criteria
also cultural differences
what is axis 3?
medical conditions
relating to the disorder t
what is axis 4?
psychosocial stressors
potentional stressful events that may have contributed to the disorder resulting in behavioural difficulties
poor housing etc
what is axis 5?
global assessment of functioning
a 100 point scale that rates ability to function
100-91 superior
10-1 unable to function
what does the ICD look at?
looks at the general health of the population and is used to measure prevalence and incidence of diseases
who does the icd provide info to?
the WHO - highest level of global health
morbidity and mortality rates
when was the icd 10 accepted and when is the new one out?
1990 may
came out in jan 2018
how many categories are in the icd?
22
what category is mental health disorder?
5
how are disorders coded?
each category has a letter
mental health is f
each disorder has a number 0-99
it is then coded further through decimals
what code is depression?
f32
wha code is mild depression?
f32.0
what does the coding system in the icd allow?
it allows clinicians to go from a general to specific disorder in a systematic way
avoiding confusion
wy does the use of the icd require expertise?
as the system can act as a guide in a clinicial interview however mental disorders are not straight forward in their representation
