social causation explanation for schiz

Question 1

how was the study derived?

Answer 1

the fact that within the lower classes and black immigrant groups there is a 4 in 100 incidence rate, higher than other social groups

Question 2

what do psychologists believe?

Answer 2

lower social class or poverty plays a part in the development

Question 3

what did cooper (2005) find?

Answer 3

that single men in social class 5 (unskilled labourers) rate of schiz was 4.1 as highs social class 1

Question 4

where is schiz more common?

Answer 4

in urban areas than rural

Question 5

what has been found about urban area?

Answer 5

that there are clusters of people with the disorder

being brought up here causes the disorder

Question 6

what are the features that may affect development?

Answer 6

poverty 
social class
unemployment
poor housing
seperation from parents as a child

Question 7

what is a casual factor in the hypothesis?

Answer 7

the social situation people are in may be a casual factor in the development of schizophrenia

Question 8

what is a casual factor in the development of schiz?

Answer 8

the social situation a person is in

Question 9

where is schiz more common?

Answer 9

urban areas

Question 10

what did cooper 2005 find?

Answer 10

in single men the rate of schiz was 4.2 times higher in men in social class 5 than social class 1

Question 11

what does coopers findings suggest?

Answer 11

that social class is at least a feature of schiz

Question 12

what is an environmental element?

Answer 12

something about living in a town or city that causes schiz

Question 13

why has the environmental breeder/social causation hypothesis been put forward?

Answer 13

due to census data in UK(1991&2001) shows high incidence rate of schiz in african Caribbean and black immigrant population (4x more likely than white indigenous)

Question 14

how much more likely are black/african Caribbean to get schiz than white indigenous?

Answer 14

4 times

Question 15

what does the hypothesis enable/ why is it useful? (strength)

Answer 15

proactive suggestions for improving later mental health of children from ethnic minority communities (celebrate cultural diversity)

Question 16

what does the hypothesis help to explain? (strength)

Answer 16

explains research findings that although there are more people with schiz in lower classes, they are concentrated in inner city areas and that black immigrants show higher incidence rates

Question 17

what did Veiling (2008) find? (strength)

Answer 17

found that when immigrants were in neighbourhoods in which their own ethnic group did not predominate there was a high rate of psychotic disorders compared to when they dominated. Also the risk of schizophrenia was associated with the perceived racial discrimination, this may show it is involved in development rather than cause

Question 18

what did pedersen and mortensen (2001) find?

Answer 18

the longer a child had been exposed to urban living the greater the probability of developing schiz

Question 19

what did pederson and mortenson take into account? (strength)

Answer 19

factors associated with urban living that can be independent risk factors for schiz such as exposure to flu, still found that risk of developing shiz still increased in urban areas even in absence

Question 20

what did Dohrenwend et al (1992) find? (strength)

Answer 20

looked at ethnic minorities, found that there was a higher rates of schiz in lower class groups. Evidence for the influence of environmental factors related to class

Question 21

why is it hard to establish cause and effect? (weakness)

Answer 21

there are so many social factors that could be implicated in the development of schiz but its hard to know which ones specifically as each on cannot be isolated to see its effects

Question 22

why might the hypothesis be down to a diagnosis issue? (weakness)

Answer 22

it could be that people in lower social groups have a higher incidence as they are identified as needing help, social services. Those in middle class groups may not want to be identified

Question 23

what is social drift and how does it affect cause and effect?

Answer 23

when because of their disorder they become downwardly mobile, stop working etc, meaning that it might be the schiz that causes the lower social class

Question 24

why might the research be biased?

Answer 24

people from ethnic minority groups may receive a label easier than those ni higher social groups