social causation explanation for schiz Flashcards
how was the study derived?
the fact that within the lower classes and black immigrant groups there is a 4 in 100 incidence rate, higher than other social groups
what do psychologists believe?
lower social class or poverty plays a part in the development
what did cooper (2005) find?
that single men in social class 5 (unskilled labourers) rate of schiz was 4.1 as highs social class 1
where is schiz more common?
in urban areas than rural
what has been found about urban area?
that there are clusters of people with the disorder
being brought up here causes the disorder
what are the features that may affect development?
poverty social class unemployment poor housing seperation from parents as a child
what is a casual factor in the hypothesis?
the social situation people are in may be a casual factor in the development of schizophrenia
what is a casual factor in the development of schiz?
the social situation a person is in
where is schiz more common?
urban areas
what did cooper 2005 find?
in single men the rate of schiz was 4.2 times higher in men in social class 5 than social class 1
what does coopers findings suggest?
that social class is at least a feature of schiz
what is an environmental element?
something about living in a town or city that causes schiz
why has the environmental breeder/social causation hypothesis been put forward?
due to census data in UK(1991&2001) shows high incidence rate of schiz in african Caribbean and black immigrant population (4x more likely than white indigenous)
how much more likely are black/african Caribbean to get schiz than white indigenous?
4 times
what does the hypothesis enable/ why is it useful? (strength)
proactive suggestions for improving later mental health of children from ethnic minority communities (celebrate cultural diversity)
what does the hypothesis help to explain? (strength)
explains research findings that although there are more people with schiz in lower classes, they are concentrated in inner city areas and that black immigrants show higher incidence rates
what did Veiling (2008) find? (strength)
found that when immigrants were in neighbourhoods in which their own ethnic group did not predominate there was a high rate of psychotic disorders compared to when they dominated. Also the risk of schizophrenia was associated with the perceived racial discrimination, this may show it is involved in development rather than cause
what did pedersen and mortensen (2001) find?
the longer a child had been exposed to urban living the greater the probability of developing schiz
what did pederson and mortenson take into account? (strength)
factors associated with urban living that can be independent risk factors for schiz such as exposure to flu, still found that risk of developing shiz still increased in urban areas even in absence
what did Dohrenwend et al (1992) find? (strength)
looked at ethnic minorities, found that there was a higher rates of schiz in lower class groups. Evidence for the influence of environmental factors related to class
why is it hard to establish cause and effect? (weakness)
there are so many social factors that could be implicated in the development of schiz but its hard to know which ones specifically as each on cannot be isolated to see its effects
why might the hypothesis be down to a diagnosis issue? (weakness)
it could be that people in lower social groups have a higher incidence as they are identified as needing help, social services. Those in middle class groups may not want to be identified
what is social drift and how does it affect cause and effect?
when because of their disorder they become downwardly mobile, stop working etc, meaning that it might be the schiz that causes the lower social class
why might the research be biased?
people from ethnic minority groups may receive a label easier than those ni higher social groups
